Giuseppe di Giugno
Encyclopedia
Giuseppe Di Giugno is an Italian physicist.
at Rome University in 1961.
-antimatter
interactions at the National Laboratory of Nuclear Physics at Frascati
and at the CERN (European Centre for Nuclear Research) at Geneva
. In particular, he was actively involved in the design and realization of ADA, the first electron
-positron
storage ring
.
From 1963 to 1975 he was associate professor first of "Physics Laboratory II" and then of "Structure of Matter" at the Physics Institute of Naples University.
and turned his attention principally to Electroacoustics
and Digital Sound, setting up a Research center
at the above-mentioned Physics Institute (which is still active) where he developed numerous analogue and digital systems controlled by a PDP11 computer for the generation and processing of sound in real time. In 1974 he met Luciano Berio
who invited him to IRCAM
in Paris
for the realization of an Electroacoustic Centre; this marked the beginning of a collaboration with Berio that continued until the year 2000. At IRCAM, and guided by the musical ideas of Pierre Boulez
, he developed several prototypes of digital machines which in 1979 were consolidated in the "4X" system, the first real entirely digital musical work station that opened new horizons for the composition and performance of music. This system was used by Boulez, Nono
, Stockhausen, and has been to a certain extent a reference point for all the various digital instruments subsequently realized.
In 1988 Di Giugno returned to Italy to assume the direction of the IRIS research laboratory of the Bontempi
-Farfisa
group where, up to 1999, he continued his research activities in the field of large musical work stations, coordinating a Design Centre for the realization of specialized microprocessor
s handling digital sound signals.
The "MARS" work station and the "SMART" spatializer were realized during that period. Both systems were widely used, but have now become obsolete with the advent on the market of high-speed Personal Computers
with which it is possible to emulate in real time all the old hardware systems.
Education
He graduated in physicsPhysics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
at Rome University in 1961.
Particle physics
From 1961 to 1975 he was engaged in research work in the field of matterMatter
Matter is a general term for the substance of which all physical objects consist. Typically, matter includes atoms and other particles which have mass. A common way of defining matter is as anything that has mass and occupies volume...
-antimatter
Antimatter
In particle physics, antimatter is the extension of the concept of the antiparticle to matter, where antimatter is composed of antiparticles in the same way that normal matter is composed of particles...
interactions at the National Laboratory of Nuclear Physics at Frascati
Frascati
Frascati is a town and comune in the province of Rome in the Lazio region of central Italy. It is located south-east of Rome, on the Alban Hills close to the ancient city of Tusculum. Frascati is closely associated with science, being the location of several international scientific...
and at the CERN (European Centre for Nuclear Research) at Geneva
Geneva
Geneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...
. In particular, he was actively involved in the design and realization of ADA, the first electron
Electron
The electron is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge. It has no known components or substructure; in other words, it is generally thought to be an elementary particle. An electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton...
-positron
Positron
The positron or antielectron is the antiparticle or the antimatter counterpart of the electron. The positron has an electric charge of +1e, a spin of ½, and has the same mass as an electron...
storage ring
Storage ring
A storage ring is a type of circular particle accelerator in which a continuous or pulsed particle beam may be kept circulating for a long period of time, up to many hours. Storage of a particular particle depends upon the mass, energy and usually charge of the particle being stored...
.
From 1963 to 1975 he was associate professor first of "Physics Laboratory II" and then of "Structure of Matter" at the Physics Institute of Naples University.
Electroacoustics
Between 1970 and 1973 he progressively abandoned research on particle physicsParticle physics
Particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the existence and interactions of particles that are the constituents of what is usually referred to as matter or radiation. In current understanding, particles are excitations of quantum fields and interact following their dynamics...
and turned his attention principally to Electroacoustics
Electroacoustics
Electroacoustics may refer to:*Electroacoustic music*Electroacoustic phenomena* Acoustical engineering, the interdisciplinary branch of Acoustics, electronics and electrical engineering dealing with electronic devices...
and Digital Sound, setting up a Research center
Research center
A research center is a facility or building dedicated to research, commonly with the focus on a specific area. There are over 14,000 research centers in the United States...
at the above-mentioned Physics Institute (which is still active) where he developed numerous analogue and digital systems controlled by a PDP11 computer for the generation and processing of sound in real time. In 1974 he met Luciano Berio
Luciano Berio
Luciano Berio, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI was an Italian composer. He is noted for his experimental work and also for his pioneering work in electronic music.-Biography:Berio was born at Oneglia Luciano Berio, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (October 24, 1925 – May 27, 2003) was an Italian...
who invited him to IRCAM
IRCAM
IRCAM is a European institute for science about music and sound and avant garde electro-acoustical art music. It is situated next to, and is organizationally linked with, the Centre Pompidou in Paris...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
for the realization of an Electroacoustic Centre; this marked the beginning of a collaboration with Berio that continued until the year 2000. At IRCAM, and guided by the musical ideas of Pierre Boulez
Pierre Boulez
Pierre Boulez is a French composer of contemporary classical music, a pianist, and a conductor.-Early years:Boulez was born in Montbrison, Loire, France. As a child he began piano lessons and demonstrated aptitude in both music and mathematics...
, he developed several prototypes of digital machines which in 1979 were consolidated in the "4X" system, the first real entirely digital musical work station that opened new horizons for the composition and performance of music. This system was used by Boulez, Nono
Luigi Nono
Luigi Nono was an Italian avant-garde composer of classical music and remains one of the most prominent composers of the 20th century.- Early years :Born in Venice, he was a member of a wealthy artistic family, and his grandfather was a notable painter...
, Stockhausen, and has been to a certain extent a reference point for all the various digital instruments subsequently realized.
In 1988 Di Giugno returned to Italy to assume the direction of the IRIS research laboratory of the Bontempi
Bontempi
Bontempi is an Italian musical instrument manufacturer, best known for manufacturing low-priced, plastic-cased Chord Organs; small keyboard instruments in which the sound is produced by air being forced over reeds by an electric fan....
-Farfisa
Farfisa
Farfisa is a manufacturer of electronics based in Osimo, Italy.The Farfisa brand name is commonly associated with a series of compact electronic organs, and later, a series of multi-timbral synthesizers. At the height of its production, Farfisa operated three factories to produce instruments, in...
group where, up to 1999, he continued his research activities in the field of large musical work stations, coordinating a Design Centre for the realization of specialized microprocessor
Microprocessor
A microprocessor incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit on a single integrated circuit, or at most a few integrated circuits. It is a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and...
s handling digital sound signals.
The "MARS" work station and the "SMART" spatializer were realized during that period. Both systems were widely used, but have now become obsolete with the advent on the market of high-speed Personal Computers
Personal computer
A personal computer is any general-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and original sales price make it useful for individuals, and which is intended to be operated directly by an end-user with no intervening computer operator...
with which it is possible to emulate in real time all the old hardware systems.