The Global Innovation Index by INSEAD is an annual publication of INSEAD which features, among others, the Global Innovation Index (GII), a composite indicator that ranks countries/economies in terms of their enabling environment to innovation and their innovation outputs.

Knowledge Partners

For the 2011 edition, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO, a specialized agency of the United Nations), the Confederation of Indian Industry, Booz and Company, and Alcatel-Lucent joined INSEAD as Knowledge Partners.

Advisory Board

In addition, an Advisory Board of nine experts from international organizations, academic institutions and public offices was set up, including: Khalid S. Al-Sultan, Rector of King Fahad University for Petroleum & Minerals of Saudi Arabia; Daniele Archibugi, Technology Director at the Italian National Research Council (CNR) and Professor of Innovation at the University of London; Irina Bokova, Director General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Leonid Gokhberg, Vice-rector of the Higher School of Economics of the Russian Federation and Director of the Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge; Rolf-Dieter Heuer

Rolf-Dieter Heuer

Rolf-Dieter Heuer is a German particle physicist and the Director General of CERN since 2009.Heuer studied physics at the University of Stuttgart...

, Director General of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Rolf Lehming, Director, Science & Engineering Indicators, U.S. National Science Foundation; Dr. R.A. Mashelkar, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Bhatnagar Fellow & President, Global Research Alliance, National Chemical Laboratory; Lynn St Amour, President and CEO of the Internet Society; and Hamadoun Touré, Secretary General of the United Nations International Telecommunication Agency (ITU).

Statistical audit by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission

The GII 2011 rankings were submitted to a statistical audit by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. After a first audit, the model was revised, and after a second audit, "five countries with unreliable rankings were dropped from the rankings".

Conceptual framework

Chapter 1 of the publication, by Soumitra Dutta and Daniela Benavente, presents the underlying conceptual framework of the publication and the ranking results, with special attention to the income and regional groups of countries/economies according to the World Bank classifications.

The Global Innovation Index 2011 (GII) is calculated as the simple average of the Innovation Input Sub-Index and of the Innovation Output Sub-Index, which capture the enabling environment for innovation, and the results of innovation respectively.

There are five input pillars (1 - 5) and two output pillars (6 and 7):

1. Institutions,
2. Human capital and research,
3. Infrastructure,
4. Market sophistication,
5. Business sophistication,
6. Scientific outputs, and
7. Creative outputs.

Each pillar is divided into sub-pillars and each sub-pillar is composed of individual indicators. Sub-pillar scores are calculated as the weighted average of individual indicators; pillar scores are calculated as the simple average of the sub-pillar scores. Four measures are then calculated:

• The Innovation Input Sub-Index is the simple average of the first five pillar scores.
• The Innovation Output Sub- Index is the simple average of the last two pillar scores.
• The Global Innovation Index is the simple average of the Input and Output Sub-Indices.
• The Innovation Efficiency Index is the ratio of the Output Sub-Index over the Input Sub-Index.

Rankings

The 2011 edition covers 125 countries/economies, which account for 93.2% of the world’s population and 98.0% of the world’s Gross Domestic Product (in current US dollars).

Country/economy	Region	Income	GII score	rank	Input score	Rank	Output score	rank	Efficiency score	Rank
ECS HI 63.8 1 66.1 3 58.2 2 0.9 12
ECS HI 62.1 2 64.9 5 59.4 1 0.9 6
EAS HI 59.6 3 74.1 1 45.2 17 0.6 94
EAS HI 58.8 4 69.8 2 47.8 12 0.7 66
ECS HI 57.5 5 64.7 6 50.3 6 0.8 35
ECS HI 57.0 6 64.6 7 49.3 7 0.8 47
NAC HI 56.6 7 62.8 11 50.3 5 0.8 26
NAC HI 56.3 8 64.4 8 48.3 10 0.7 54
ECS HI 56.3 9 60.4 16 52.2 3 0.9 13
ECS HI 56.0 10 63.7 10 48.3 9 0.8 50
ECS HI 55.1 11 62.5 13 47.7 13 0.8 48
ECS HI 54.9 12 59.0 21 50.7 4 0.9 15
ECS HI 54.1 13 65.5 4 42.7 22 0.7 83
MEA HI 54.0 14 59.1 20 48.9 8 0.8 22
EAS HI 53.8 15 60.9 15 46.6 15 0.8 46
EAS HI 53.7 16 59.4 17 47.9 11 0.8 25
ECS HI 52.7 17 63.9 9 41.4 25 0.6 84
ECS HI 52.6 18 61.1 14 44.0 18 0.7 59
ECS HI 50.7 19 59.2 19 42.2 23 0.7 60
EAS HI 50.3 20 59.3 18 41.3 26 0.7 64
EAS HI 49.9 21 62.8 12 36.9 31 0.6 97
ECS HI 49.3 22 55.6 23 42.9 21 0.8 39
ECS HI 49.2 23 54.8 24 43.5 20 0.8 31
ECS HI 49.0 24 58.4 22 39.7 28 0.7 71
ECS HI 48.1 25 51.0 33 45.2 16 0.9 11
MEA HI 47.7 26 51.7 31 43.8 19 0.8 18
ECS HI 47.3 27 53.1 26 41.5 24 0.8 33
ECS HI 46.5 28 52.3 30 40.5 27 0.8 37
EAS LM 46.4 29 46.0 43 46.8 14 1.0 3
ECS HI 45.1 30 51.2 32 38.9 30 0.8 51
EAS UM 44.1 31 52.9 27 35.2 35 0.7 77
ECS HI 43.8 32 52.4 29 35.2 34 0.7 74
ECS HI 42.4 33 50.3 34 34.5 36 0.7 67
MEA HI 42.0 34 54.3 25 29.6 56 0.5 109
ECS HI 40.7 35 47.8 37 33.5 39 0.7 63
ECS HI 39.8 36 47.4 38 32.1 45 0.7 72
ECS HI 39.0 37 48.2 35 29.8 54 0.6 92
LCN UM 38.8 38 48.0 36 29.6 57 0.6 93
ECS LM 38.7 39 38.3 77 38.9 29 1.0 5
ECS UM 38.5 40 47.4 39 29.5 59 0.6 91
MEA LM 38.4 41 41.3 56 35.5 33 0.9 16
ECS UM 38.4 42 44.2 47 32.6 43 0.7 55
ECS HI 38.0 43 46.2 41 29.7 55 0.6 85
ECS HI 38.0 44 45.0 45 31.0 48 0.7 65
LCN UM 37.9 45 42.2 53 33.6 37 0.8 29
MEA HI 37.8 46 52.7 28 22.9 92 0.4 122
LCN UM 37.7 47 39.4 68 36.0 32 0.9 7
EAS LM 37.6 48 43.3 48 31.9 46 0.7 56
MEA UM 37.1 49 40.8 57 33.3 41 0.8 23
ECS UM 36.8 50 41.7 55 31.9 47 0.8 49
EAS LM 36.7 51 40.0 63 33.3 42 0.8 20
MEA HI 36.6 52 42.4 51 30.8 51 0.7 57
SSF UM 36.5 53 44.7 46 28.1 63 0.6 89
MEA HI 36.4 54 45.9 44 26.9 66 0.6 98
ECS UM 36.3 55 39.0 71 33.5 38 0.9 17
ECS UM 35.9 56 40.7 59 30.9 50 0.8 52
MEA HI 35.5 57 46.2 42 24.8 78 0.5 110
LCN UM 35.4 58 37.2 82 33.4 40 0.9 8
SSF UM 35.2 59 46.3 40 24.1 83 0.5 113
ECS LM 35.0 60 39.5 67 30.4 52 0.8 40
LCN LM 34.8 61 38.7 75 31.0 49 0.8 27
SAS LM 34.5 62 36.4 87 32.6 44 0.9 9
ECS HI 34.2 63 42.4 50 25.9 72 0.6 95
LCN UM 34.2 64 39.6 66 28.7 61 0.7 58
ECS UM 34.1 65 37.9 80 30.3 53 0.8 28
MEA LM 33.9 66 38.2 79 29.6 58 0.8 36
ECS UM 33.5 67 40.3 61 26.6 68 0.7 78
EAS LM 33.4 68 42.3 52 24.5 81 0.6 102
ECS LM 33.0 69 37.1 84 28.9 60 0.8 34
SSF LI 32.5 70 39.8 65 25.1 76 0.6 86
LCN UM 32.3 71 38.7 74 25.9 70 0.7 75
LCN HI 32.2 72 40.8 58 23.5 87 0.6 103
ECS LM 31.9 73 38.5 76 25.2 75 0.7 81
LCN LM 31.2 74 34.4 92 27.9 64 0.8 24
EAS HI 30.9 75 39.1 70 22.7 94 0.6 101
ECS UM 30.8 76 42.1 54 19.6 111 0.5 121
LCN UM 30.8 77 40.7 60 20.8 101 0.5 115
SSF UM 30.7 78 43.0 49 18.5 116 0.4 123
SSF UM 30.5 79 40.3 62 20.7 104 0.5 114
ECS UM 30.5 80 38.2 78 22.6 95 0.6 96
LCN UM 30.4 81 37.4 81 23.4 88 0.6 90
SAS LM 30.4 82 33.2 96 27.5 65 0.8 21
LCN UM 30.3 83 39.0 72 21.6 98 0.6 108
ECS UM 30.3 84 39.8 64 20.8 103 0.5 112
ECS LI 29.8 85 34.9 89 24.7 80 0.7 61
LCN LM 29.3 86 33.1 97 25.5 73 0.8 41
MEA LM 29.2 87 35.0 88 23.3 89 0.7 76
ECS UM 29.2 88 37.2 83 21.1 100 0.6 104
SSF LI 29.1 89 39.2 69 19.1 114 0.5 119
LCN LM 29.1 90 34.6 91 23.7 86 0.7 69
EAS LM 29.0 91 33.9 93 24.0 84 0.7 62
LCN UM 28.9 92 38.8 73 18.9 115 0.5 120
LCN LM 28.8 93 32.5 100 24.9 77 0.8 44
MEA LM 28.7 94 36.6 86 20.8 102 0.6 105
MEA UM 28.4 95 30.9 106 25.9 71 0.8 19
SSF LM 28.2 96 27.7 119 28.6 62 1.0 2
SAS LI 28.1 97 29.6 114 26.5 69 0.9 10
LCN LM 27.8 98 33.0 98 22.5 96 0.7 70
EAS LM 27.8 99 33.5 95 22.0 97 0.7 80
SSF LM 27.6 100 30.7 107 24.4 82 0.8 30
SSF LM 27.5 101 36.9 85 18.1 117 0.5 117
LCN UM 27.4 102 29.4 115 25.4 74 0.9 14
SSF LM 27.0 103 30.1 110 23.8 85 0.8 32
SSF LI 26.9 104 30.4 108 23.3 90 0.8 45
SAS LM 26.8 105 26.5 123 26.9 67 1.0 4
SSF LI 26.4 106 29.8 112 22.9 91 0.8 42
SSF LI 26.4 107 29.8 113 22.9 93 0.8 43
SSF LI 26.0 108 32.8 99 19.1 113 0.6 100
SSF LI 25.9 109 34.7 90 17.0 119 0.5 118
LCN LM 25.8 110 31.1 105 20.4 106 0.7 79
EAS LI 25.5 111 31.2 103 19.7 108 0.6 87
LCN LM 25.4 112 30.3 109 20.5 105 0.7 73
SSF LI 25.4 113 31.1 104 19.6 109 0.6 88
SSF LI 25.3 114 33.8 94 16.7 120 0.5 116
MEA LM 24.8 115 30.0 111 19.6 110 0.7 82
ECS LI 24.5 116 27.6 120 21.4 99 0.8 38
SSF LM 24.1 117 23.3 125 24.8 79 1.1 1
SSF LI 23.8 118 28.2 118 19.4 112 0.7 68
SSF LI 23.5 119 26.8 122 20.3 107 0.8 53
SSF LI 23.1 120 29.2 117 17.0 118 0.6 99
SSF LI 22.9 121 29.2 116 16.5 121 0.6 106
SSF LI 21.4 122 31.4 102 11.4 124 0.4 124
MEA LM 20.7 123 26.9 121 14.4 123 0.5 111
SSF LM 20.4 124 26.0 124 14.7 122 0.6 107
MEA UM 19.8 125 32.0 101 7.5 125 0.2 125

Notes:

• Colored cells correspond to quintiles: 1st green, 2nd blue, 3rd yellow, 4th orange, and 5th red.
• World Bank regional classification: EAS East Asia and the Pacific; ECS Europe and Central Asia; LCN Latin America and Caribbean; MEA Middle East and North Africa; SAS South Asia; and SSF Sub-Saharan Africa
• World Bank income group classification: HI High-income; UM Upper-middle income; LM Lower-middle Income; and LI Low-income countries/economies.

External links

• http://www.globalinnovationindex.org The Global Innovation Index 2011 website