Glossary of Lepidopteran terms - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

This glossary describes the terms used in the formal descriptions of insect

Insect

Insects are a class of living creatures within the arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body , three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae...

species

Species

In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...

, jargon used mostly by professionals or entomologist

Entomology

Entomology is the scientific study of insects, a branch of arthropodology...

A – C

abdomen: Body of the insect, toward the posterior of the thorax.admarginal (adjective): Along the margin.acaricide: A chemical employed to kill and control mites and ticks.}acariphagous: feeding on mites (and parasitoids of mites)acetyl choline:accessory gland: Any secondary gland of the glandular system.acrostichal bristles: The two rows of hairs or bristles lying one on either side of the mid-line of the thorax of a true fly.active space: The space within which the concentration of a pheromone or other behaviorally active substance is concentrated enough to generate the required response, remembering that like light and sound pheromones become more dilute the further they radiate out from their source.accessory pulsatile organs: (APOs) Small muscular pumps and the veins that accompany them that pump hemolymph into the wings.aculeate: (Hymenoptera) Any member of a group of families that include the familiar singing ants, bees, and social and hunting wasp.acuminate: Tapering to a long point.acylurea: A class of insect growth regulators.adipocyte

Adipocyte

However, in some reports and textbooks, the number of fat cell increased in childhood and adolescence. The total number is constant in both obese and lean adult...

s: A major cell type of insects that stores fat body and reserves nutrients.adeagus: The part of the male genitalia which is inserted into the female during copulation and which carries the sperm into the female. Its shape is often important in separating closely related species.adecticous: Of pupa: referring to the state in which the pupa does not posses movable mandibles, the opposite being Decticous.aedeagus

Aedeagus

An aedeagus is a reproductive organ of male insects through which they secrete sperm from the testes during copulation with a female insect...

: The sclerotized terminal portion of the male genital tract that is inserted into the female during insemination.aestivation: Summer dormancy, entered into when conditions are unfavourable for active life i.e. it is too hot or too dry.age polyethism: The regular changing of roles of colony members as they get older.air sac: A dilated portion of a tracheaalar squama:The middle of three flap-like outgrowths at the base of the wing in various flies.alary muscles: muscles along the dorsal diaphragm that may perform circulation.alata: the parthenogenetic winged morph of vividae, specialized for migration.alate

Alate

An alate is a winged reproductive of a social insect . Alate females are typically those destined to become queens , whereas alate males are occasionally referred to as "drones"...

: Winged; having wings.aldrin

Aldrin

Aldrin is an organochlorine insecticide that was widely used until the 1970s, when it was banned in most countries. It is a colourless solid. Before the ban, it was heavily used as a pesticide to treat seed and soil...

:(common name). A synthetic insecticide; a chlorinated hydrocarbon of not less than 95 per cent 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4:5,8-dimethanonaphthalene; moderately toxic to mammals, acute oral LD,, for rats 44 mg/kg; phytotoxicity: none when properly formulated, but some crops are sensitive to solvents in certain formulations.algophagy: feeding on algae

Algae

Algae are a large and diverse group of simple, typically autotrophic organisms, ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms, such as the giant kelps that grow to 65 meters in length. They are photosynthetic like plants, and "simple" because their tissues are not organized into the many...

alitrunk: Name given to the thorax and propodeum of 'wasp-waisted' hymenopterans.alloparental: When individuals other than the parent assist in the caring for that parents offspring.allopatric: Two or more forms of a species having essentially separate distributions.aliphatic: A term applied to the "open chain" or fatty series of hydrocarbons.alternating generations: When two generations are produced within a life cycle each producing individuals of only one sex, either male first and then female or visa-versa.altruistic: Self-destructive. or potentially self-destructive behavior performed for the benefit of others.alula

Alula

The alula, or bastard wing, is a small projection on the anterior edge of the wing of modern birds. The alula is the freely moving first digit, a bird's "thumb," and is typically covered with three to five small feathers, with the exact number depending on the species...

: In insects (not birds) the outermost of the three flap-like outgrowths at the base of the wing in various flies: really a part of the wing membrane.ambrosia

Ambrosia

In ancient Greek mythology, ambrosia is sometimes the food or drink of the Greek gods , often depicted as conferring ageless immortality upon whoever consumes it...

: The fungus cultivated by wood-boring beetles of the family Scolytidaeametabola: The insects which develop without metamorphosis, namely the Protura, Thysanura, and Collembola.amide

Amide

In chemistry, an amide is an organic compound that contains the functional group consisting of a carbonyl group linked to a nitrogen atom . The term refers both to a class of compounds and a functional group within those compounds. The term amide also refers to deprotonated form of ammonia or an...

: Compound derived from carboxylic acids by replacing the hydroxyl of the -COOH by the amino group, -NH2-.amine

Amine

Amines are organic compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group. Important amines include amino acids, biogenic amines,...

: An organic compound containing nitrogen, derived from ammonia, NH3, by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms by as many hydrocarbon radicals.amino acid

Amino acid

Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group and a side-chain that varies between different amino acids. The key elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen...

: Organic compounds that contain the amino (NH,) group and the carboxyl (COOH) group. Amino acids are the "building stones" of proteins.ammonia

Ammonia

Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula . It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent odour. Ammonia contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers. Ammonia, either directly or...

: A colorless alkaline gas, NH3, soluble in water.anal: Pertaining to last abdominal segment which bears the anus.anal angle: The posterior corner of the wing (same as tornus).anal fold: A fold in the inner margin of the hindwing.anal valves: Exposed claspers at the end of the abdomen.anaplasmosis

Anaplasmosis

Anaplasmosis is a disease caused by a rickettsial parasite of ruminants, Anaplasma spp. The organism occurs in the white blood cells and is transmitted by natural means through a number of haematophagous species of ticks...

: Infection with Anaplasma, a genus of Sporozoa that infests red blood cells.anasa wilt: A wilt disease of cucurbits caused solely by the feeding of the squash bug, no parasitic microorganism involved.androconia: (singula = Androconium) In male butterflies, specialised wing scales (often called scent scales) possessing special glands which produce a chemical attractive to females.anemic: Deficient in blood quantity or quality.androconium or androconia (plural): Specialised microscopic scales on the wings of male butterflies, believed to be scent scales for attracting the female.annulate: Formed in ring-like segments or with ring-like markings.antennae

Antenna (biology)

Antennae in biology have historically been paired appendages used for sensing in arthropods. More recently, the term has also been applied to cilium structures present in most cell types of eukaryotes....

: The long feelers situated on the head and close to the eyes. They are however not tactile but used for detecting airborne scents and currents.

- In Papilionoidea
  Papilionoidea
  The superfamily Papilionoidea contains all the butterflies except for the skippers, which are classified in superfamily Hesperioidea, and the moth-like Hedyloidea....
  
  the antennae end in bulging tips called clubs.
- In Hesperioidea they have hooked tips and the club is found just before the tip.
- In some Lycaenidae
  Lycaenidae
  The Lycaenidae are the second-largest family of butterflies, with about 6000 species worldwide, whose members are also called gossamer-winged butterflies...
  
  like the genus Liphyra
  Liphyra
  Liphyra is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae. There are several species in the genus which are found in Asia and Australia. In the genus Liphyra, the antenna tapers gradually.-External links:*...
  
  the antenna tapers gradually.antennation: Touching with the antennaanterior: in front of or after the aforementioned structure.antenodal veins: Small cross-veins at the front of the dragonfly or damselfly wing, between the wing base and the nodus.anthophagy: feeding on flowersantibiosis
  Antibiosis
  Antibiosis is a biological interaction between two or more organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them or an antagonistic association between an organism and the metabolic substances produced by another....
  
  : An association between two or more organisms that is detrimental to one or more of them.anticoagulin: A substance antagonistic to the coagulation of blood.anus
  Anus
  The anus is an opening at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. Its function is to control the expulsion of feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest,...
  
  : The posterior opening of the digestive tract.

apex / apical area: The anterior corner of the wing.aphidophagy: feeding on aphids (and parasitoids of aphids)apitherapy

Apitherapy

Apitherapy is the medical use of honey bee products. This can include the use of honey, pollen, bee bread, propolis, royal jelly, apilarnil and bee venom....

: Medicinal use of the honey bee or its products.arculus: A crossvein between the radius and cubitus near the base of the wing in certain insects.base / basal area of wing: Region close to the point of attachment to the thorax.brand: Raised area on the wing surface, circular, ovate, or elongated, which is covered with special scent scales or androconia, found in males of some species. Also called sex mark.bryophagy: feeding on moss

catenulate: Markings consisting of rings connected together like a chain. Catenulated antennae: Antennae with ringed appearance.cell: The central area surrounded by veins. It can be closed by veins or open.

- The vein forming the boundary of the cell along the costal margin is known as the subcostal vein
  Subcostal vein
  The subcostal vein is a vein in the human body that runs along the bottom of the twelfth rib. It has the same essential qualities as the posterior intercostal veins, except that it cannot be considered intercostal because it is not between two ribs....
  
  .
- The vein forming the lower boundary towards the dorsum is called the median vein.
- In the case of butterflies, the cell is closed by a vein connecting the origins of veins 6 to 4 along the top of the cell which is known as discocellular vein.ceratophagy: feeding on cornified tissues and hair of animalscervix (Anatomical feature): the structure defining the neck of the insect.cilia: Fine hairs along the edges of the wing.clypeus
  Clypeus
  The clypeus is one of the sclerites that makes up the "face" of an arthropod.In insects, the clypeus delimits the lower margin of the face, with the labrum articulated along the ventral margin of the clypeus. The mandibles bracket the labrum, but do not touch the clypeus. The dorsal margin of the...
  
  (Anatomical feature): a sclerite structure below the frons, circumposed by the mandibles and above the labrum.coccidophagy: feeding on scale insects (and parasitoids of scale insects)copromycetophagy: inhabiting feces and consuming mycetes growing inside or cultivating them for feeding.coprophagy: feeding on the excrements of animalscarpophagy: feeding on fruits and seedscosta / costal area: The leading edge of the wing.coronal suture
  Coronal suture
  The coronal suture is a dense, fibrous connective tissue joint that separates the frontal and parietal bones of the skull. At birth, the bones of the skull do not meet.-Pathology:...
  
  (Anatomical feature): an anterior suture line of the head between the compound eyes, below the median ocellus.coxa: first leg segment, between body and trochanter.clasper or clasp: A structure in male insects that is used to hold the female during copulation.cremaster
  Cremaster
  Cremaster is a term derived from the Greek verb κρεμάννυμι = "I hang ", not from Latin cremare = "to burn". It may refer to:* The cremaster muscle, part of genital anatomy in human males** Cremaster reflex, a reflex in the muscle...
  
  : most butterfly pupae are attached to a surface by a silken pad spun by the caterpillar
  Caterpillar
  Caterpillars are the larval form of members of the order Lepidoptera . They are mostly herbivorous in food habit, although some species are insectivorous. Caterpillars are voracious feeders and many of them are considered to be pests in agriculture...
  
  and a set of hooks (cremaster) at the tip of the pupal abdomen.crenulate: Term used to describe the outer edge of the wing, when it is scallopped, i.e., convex at the end of each vein, and, concave in between.

D - F

dentate: As for crenulate but with the projections at the end of each wing being toothlike.decticous: Functional mandibles absent in pupal state.dendrophagy: feeding on treesdetritophagy: feeding on ground remains of plants and animalsdisc / discal area: The central band passing through the cell.dorsum

Dorsum (anatomy)

In anatomy, the dorsum is the upper side of animals that typically run, fly, or swim in a horizontal position, and the back side of animals that walk upright. In vertebrates the dorsum contains the backbone. The term dorsal refers to anatomical structures that are either situated toward or grow...

/ dorsal area: Referring to the trailing edge or hind-margin of the wing, extending from the base to the tornus. Dorsal alternately, also refers to the back, i.e. the upper part of the body, from above.ectognathous (Anatomical feature): having exterior mouthparts, or exposed. A defining feature of insects.encapsulation: the immuno response by plasmatocytes to the presence of parasitoid egg or larvae which results in the formation of a multilayered capsule that causes the parasitoid to sufficate or starve.entomonecrophagy: feeding on dead arthropodsentomophagy

Entomophagy

Entomophagy is the consumption of insects as food. Insects are eaten by many animals, but the term is generally used to refer to human consumption of insects; animals that eat insects are known as insectivores...

: feeding on other insectsepicranius (Anatomical feature): the top of the anterior structure of the head, or forehead.erect: Referring to the palpi when vertical, i.e. the axis of the palpi is at right angles to the axis of the body.eyespot

Eyespot (mimicry)

An eyespot is an eye-like marking. They are found on butterflies, reptiles, birds and fish. In members of the Felidae family , the white circular markings on the backs of the ears are termed ocelli, and they are functionally similar to eyespots in other animals.Eyespots may be a form of...

or ocelli: Spots resembling mammalian eyes. Can also be used to refer to simple eyes.fascia (plural fasciae): Refers to a color pattern with a broad band.femur: third leg segment, between trochanter and tibia.foramen magnum (Anatomical feature): the posterior opening of the head capsule, covered by the cervixfrontal sutures (Anatomical feature): suture lines that meet with the coroanl sutures to form an inverted Y.frons

Frons

Frons is the term used to describe the frontal area of an insect's head. It covers the upper part of the face above the clypeus and below and between the antennae. It supports the pharyngeal dilator muscles and usually bears an ocellus . The term itself is derived from the Latin frons "forehead"....

(Anatomical feature): The frontal area of an insect's head. It covers the upper part of the face above the clypeus

Clypeus

The clypeus is one of the sclerites that makes up the "face" of an arthropod.In insects, the clypeus delimits the lower margin of the face, with the labrum articulated along the ventral margin of the clypeus. The mandibles bracket the labrum, but do not touch the clypeus. The dorsal margin of the...

and below and between the antenna

Antenna (biology)

e. It supports the pharyngeal dilator muscles and usually bears an ocellus.

G - L

girdle: a strand of silk used to prop up the pupa. Found especially in the Papilionidae.gena (Anatomical feature): the area below the compound eyes, the insect equivalent to human cheeks.herbiphagy: feeding on herbaceous plantshelminthophagy: feeding on worms classified with helminths (including parasitoids of helminths)hemocoel: the interior of the insects anatomy, including all organs and hemocyte.hemocyte

Hemocyte

A hemocyte is a cell that plays a role in the immune system of invertebrates. It is found within the hemolymph.Hemocytes are phagocytes of invertebrates....

or haemolymph: , is a fluid in the circulatory system

Circulatory system

The circulatory system is an organ system that passes nutrients , gases, hormones, blood cells, etc...

of insects containing nutrients, fat, water, etc.hemophagy: feeding on blood.hyaline

Hyaline

The term hyaline denotes a substance with a glass-like appearance.-Histopathology:In histopathological medical usage, a hyaline substance appears glassy and pink after being stained with haematoxylin and eosin — usually it is an acellular, proteinaceous material...

: transparent, like glass.hypognathous: having mouthparts that are ventrad of a vertically oriented head, or having an "under bit".interspace: The region between adjacent veins.irrorated or irroration: Old term used usually to indicate a sprinkling of scales interspersed among scales typically of a different color.idiobiont: a form of parasitism where the parasitoid paralyzes or leaves the host unable to continue development at oviposition

Oviposition

Oviposition is the process of laying eggs by oviparous animals.Some arthropods, for example, lay their eggs with an organ called the ovipositor.Fish , amphibians, reptiles, birds and monetremata also lay eggs....

.koinobiont: A form of parasitism where the parasitoid lives inside the host while allowing it to live after oviposition.labrum

Labrum (arthropod mouthpart)

The labrum is a flap-like structure that lies immediately in front of the mouth in almost all extant euarthropods, the general exception being provided by the probable chelicerate-relatives the pycnogonids. It has proved to be by far the most controversial of all arthropod head structures. It is...

(Anatomical feature): the anterior structure below the clypeus

Clypeus

covering some of the mouthparts, sometimes called the "upper lip"lines of weakness (Anatomical feature): a term defining the suture lines where the integument will split to allow for molting.lichenophagy: feeding on lichenslunule

Lunula (anatomy)

The lunula, or lunulae , is the crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail. The lunula is the visible part of the nail matrix The lunula, or lunulae (pl.) (little moon in Latin), is the crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail. The lunula is the...

: Crescent marks usually found along the margin.

M - O

macrochaete: a term used for large bristles and scales.malacophagy: feeding on mollusks (and parasitoids of mollusks)mesothorax

Mesothorax

The mesothorax is the middle of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the second pair of legs. Its principal sclerites are the mesonotum , the mesosternum , and the mesopleuron on each side...

: the last segment of the thorax

Thorax

The thorax is a division of an animal's body that lies between the head and the abdomen.-In tetrapods:...

, after the metathorax

Metathorax

The metathorax is the posterior of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the third pair of legs. Its principal sclerites are the metanotum , the metasternum , and the metapleuron on each side...

.metathorax

Metathorax

: The second segment of the thorax after the prothorax

Prothorax

The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites are the pronotum , the prosternum , and the propleuron on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects, though some fossil groups possessed...

, and posterior to the mesothorax

Mesothorax

.mixomycetophagy: feeding on myxomycetes fungusmyiasis

Myiasis

Myiasis is a general term for infection by parasitic fly larvae feeding on the host's necrotic or living tissue. Colloquialisms for myiasis include flystrike, blowfly strike, and fly-blown. In Greek, "myia" means fly....

: Infestation of fly larvae on or in a vertebrate host.mycetophagy: feeding on fungusnecrophagy: consuming of dead animals and their remainsnervure: Older term for vein. adnervural is used to describe for instance lines running adjacent and alongside the veins.nodus: (of Odonata

Odonata

Odonata is an order of insects, encompassing dragonflies and damselflies . The word dragonfly is also sometimes used to refer to all Odonata, but the back-formation odonate is a more correct English name for the group as a whole...

) A prominent cross-vein near the center of the leading edge of a wing.
occipital suture (Anatomical feature): the structure that defines the occiput.occiput

Occiput

The occiput is the anatomical term for the posterior portion of the head, in insects the posterior part of those head capsule.-Clinical significance:Trauma to the occiput can cause a basilar skull fracture....

(Anatomical feature): the region posterior to the vertex on the head.ocular structure (Anatomical feature): the structure of the head containing the ocelli.obtect: Appendages fused or glued to the body.osmeterium

Osmeterium

The osmeterium is a fleshy organ found in the prothoracic segment of larvae of Swallowtail butterflies including Birdwings. This organ emits smelly compounds believed to be pheromones. Normally hidden, this forked structure can be everted when the caterpillar is threatened, and used to emit a...

: fleshy structure on some larvae, often discharging odorous chemicals.onisciform: A woodlouse shaped, flattened platyform appearance of a larva.oophagy

Oophagy

Oophagy , literally "egg eating", is the practice of embryos feeding on eggs produced by the ovary while still inside the mother's uterus. The word oophagy is formed from the classical Greek ᾠόν and classical Greek φᾱγεῖν ....

: feeding on eggsopisthognathous: with receding mouthparts, or having mouthparts that slope backward or face backward.oviposition

Oviposition

: the act of laying eggs

P - R

parasitoid

Parasitoid

A parasitoid is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life history attached to or within a single host organism in a relationship that is in essence parasitic; unlike a true parasite, however, it ultimately sterilises or kills, and sometimes consumes, the host...

: In parasitism, the participant that benefits, rather than the one that is being parasitized.pedipalp

Pedipalp

Pedipalps , are the second pair of appendages of the prosoma in the subphylum Chelicerata. They are traditionally thought to be homologous with mandibles in Crustacea and insects, although more recent studies Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi), are the second pair of appendages of the...

(or labial palpi or palpi): Comparatively large processes that originate from below the head and curve forward in front of the face that sometimes appear like a beak.(lp on the figure rightpalynophagy: feeding on pollenphleophagy: feeding on barkphyllophagy: feeding on leavesphytophagy: feeding on plantsporrect: Referring to the palpi when horizontally projecting in front of the face. In this case, the aixis of the palpi is parallel to the axis of the body.proboscis

Proboscis

A proboscis is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate. In simpler terms, a proboscis is the straw-like mouth found in several varieties of species.-Etymology:...

: tubular feeding and sucking organprognathous: having mouth parts dorsad of a dorsally oriented head, or "over bite".proleg

Proleg

A Proleg is the small fleshy, stub structure found on the ventral surface of the abdomen of most larval forms of insects of the order Lepidoptera, though they can also be found on other larval insects such as sawflies and a few types of flies....

: fleshy leg like structures arising from the abdominal segments of caterpillars. These prolegs have crochets or curved hooks.prothorax

Prothorax

: The first segment on the thorax posterior to the metathorax

Metathorax

.posterior: in a position behind or below the aforementioned.postoccipital suture (Anatomical feature): the structure posterior to the occipital suture, surrounding foramen magnum or occipital magnum.pollinophagy: feeding on pollenrhizophagy: feeding on roots

S - Z

sarconecrophagy: feeding on dead bodies of vertebratessapromycetophagy:inhabiting decaying matter and consuming mycetes growing inside or cultivating them for feeding.saprophagy: feeding on decaying organic mattersaltatorial: adapted for leaping of jumpingsequestering: The process of animals accumulating poisonous compounds from the food they are eating in order to become poisonous themselves for their predators. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid sequestration

Pyrrolizidine alkaloid sequestration

Pyrrolizidine alkaloid sequestration by insects is done for defense and mating purposes. Various species of insects have been known to utilize molecular compounds from plants for their own defense and even as their pheromones or precursors to their pheromones...

refers to the sequestration of one such class of poisonous compounds.schisophagy: feeding on ground remains of plants and animalsspiracle

Spiracle

Spiracles are openings on the surface of some animals that usually lead to respiratory systems.-Vertebrates:The spiracle is a small hole behind each eye that opens to the mouth in some fishes. In the primitive jawless fish the first gill opening immediately behind the mouth is essentially similar...

: Respiratory openings on the thorax and abdomen that allow air to enter the trachea

Invertebrate trachea

The invertebrate trachea refers to the open respiratory system composed of spiracles, tracheae, and tracheoles that terrestrial arthropods have to transport metabolic gases to and from tissues....

.sporophagy: feeding on mycet spore

Spore

In biology, a spore is a reproductive structure that is adapted for dispersal and surviving for extended periods of time in unfavorable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many bacteria, plants, algae, fungi and some protozoa. According to scientist Dr...

sstigma (plural Stigmata): Prominent cells on the forewings of some moths. Their size, shape and colour can be useful in identifying some species.strigae: Refer patterns with thin lines.subgenal suture (Anatomical feature): suture lines below the gena.synapomorphy

Synapomorphy

In cladistics, a synapomorphy or synapomorphic character is a trait that is shared by two or more taxa and their most recent common ancestor, whose ancestor in turn does not possess the trait. A synapomorphy is thus an apomorphy visible in multiple taxa, where the trait in question originates in...

: a advanced defining featuresynovigenic: a form of reproduction in which the female continues to produce and to mature eggs throughout its life cycle.tarsus: fifth (last) leg segment, the part that touches the surface.terminal and marginal: Along the margin.termen: The edge of the wing most distant from the bodythorax

Thorax

The thorax is a division of an animal's body that lies between the head and the abdomen.-In tetrapods:...

: The part of the body that lies between the head and the abdomen. It has three parts - prothorax

Prothorax

, metathorax

Metathorax

and mesothorax

Mesothorax

.tibia: fourth leg segment, between femur and tarsus.tornus / tornal area: The posterior corner of the wing (same as tornus).trochanter: second leg segment, between coxa and femurxylomycetophagy: inhabiting wood and consuming mycetes growing in wood or cultivating them for feedingxylophagy

Xylophagy

Xylophagy is a term used in ecology to describe the habits of an herbivorous animal whose diet consists primarily of wood. The word derives from Greek ξυλοφάγος "eating wood", from ξύλον "wood" and φαγεῖν "to eat", an ancient Greek name for a kind of a worm-eating bird...

: feeding on woodvein: Hollow structures formed from the coupling of the upper and lower walls of the wing. They provide both rigidity and flexibility to the wing.
(See also Comstock-Needham system)vertex

Vertex (anatomy)

In arthropod and vertebrate anatomy, the vertex refers to the upper surface of the head.In humans, the vertex is formed by four bones of the skull: the frontal bone, the two parietal bones, and the occipital bone...

(Anatomical feature): The apex of the head, usually containing ocelli.zoomycetophagy: feeding on fungus found on other animalszoophagy: feeding on animals, and/or animal matter.

External links

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