Glucagon receptor family
Encyclopedia
The glucagon receptor family is a group of closely related G-protein coupled receptors which include:
The first three receptors bind closely related peptide hormones (glucagon
, glucagon-like peptide-1
, glucagon-like peptide-2
) derived from the proglucagon polypeptide. The last receptor binds gastric inhibitory polypeptide.
- Glucagon receptorGlucagon receptorThe glucagon receptor is a 62 kDa protein that is activated by glucagon and is a member of the class B G-protein coupled family of receptors, coupled to G alpha i, Gs and to a lesser extent G alpha q. Stimulation of the receptor results in activation of adenylate cyclase and increased levels of...
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptorGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptorThe glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor is a human gene which resides on chromosome 6. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors.-Ligand specificity:...
- Glucagon-like peptide 2 receptorGlucagon-like peptide 2 receptorThe gene for the glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor is on chromosome 17....
- Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptorGastric inhibitory polypeptide receptorThe gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor also known as the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GIPR gene...
The first three receptors bind closely related peptide hormones (glucagon
Glucagon
Glucagon, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, raises blood glucose levels. Its effect is opposite that of insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels. The pancreas releases glucagon when blood sugar levels fall too low. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is...
, glucagon-like peptide-1
Glucagon-like peptide-1
Glucagon-like peptide-1 is derived from the transcription product of the proglucagon gene. The major source of GLP-1 in the body is the intestinal L cell that secretes GLP-1 as a gut hormone. The biologically active forms of GLP-1 are: GLP-1- and GLP-1-NH2...
, glucagon-like peptide-2
Glucagon-like peptide-2
Glucagon-like peptide-2 is a 33 amino acid peptide with the sequence HADGSFSDEMNTILDNLAARDFINWLIQTKITD in humans. GLP-2 is created by specific post-translational proteolytic cleavage of proglucagon in a process that also liberates the related glucagon-like peptide-1 . GLP-2 is produced by the...
) derived from the proglucagon polypeptide. The last receptor binds gastric inhibitory polypeptide.