Gonesse
Encyclopedia
Gonesse is a commune
in the northeastern suburbs of Paris
, France
. It is located 16.5 km (10.3 mi) from the centre of Paris
.
The commune lies immediately north of Le Bourget Airport
and southwest of Charles de Gaulle International Airport.
times, cereals have been grown in Gonesse. In the period of the 12th through the 16th centuries, the cultivation of grain was supplemented by drapery, in particular the production of the coarse woolen material of the gaunace. The commune was an important producer of wheat
for the Paris
ian market in modern times, until the decline of its bakery trade at the end of the 18th century
helped feed a strong migration to the capital.
The world's first hydrogen filled balloon
— the unmanned Le Globe, launched by Jacques Charles
and the Robert brothers
on the Champ de Mars in Paris on 27 August 1783 — flew for forty-five minutes and landed in Gonesse, where the reportedly terrified local peasants destroyed it with pitchforks. This caused the government to issue a statement on the harmlessness and the scientific value of such remnants.
In 1815, Marshal Grouchy arrived in Gonesse in the course of the War of the Sixth Coalition
, with 40,000 troops and 120 artillery pieces. On 2 July, the Duke of Wellington
made his headquarters at the commune.
Since June 1939, the property Frapart (the Castle) is used as the main establishment of the urban administration.
Jean Camus, Louis Furmanek, Pierre Lorgnet, and Albert Drouhot from Gonesse belonged to the French Resistance
movement during the German occupation of France from 1940 to 1944.
On 25 July 2000, Air France Flight 4590
— a Concorde
supersonic transport
— crashed onto a hotel in the town after having run over an item that had fallen off a DC-10
at nearby Charles de Gaulle International Airport.
in Rieti
/ Italy, since 1981.
. This station is located in the neighbouring commune of Arnouville-lès-Gonesse
, 2.6 km (1.6 mi) from Gonesse town centre.
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...
in the northeastern suburbs of Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. It is located 16.5 km (10.3 mi) from the centre of Paris
Kilometre Zero
In many countries, Kilometre Zero or similar terms in other languages, is a particular location , from which distances are traditionally measured...
.
The commune lies immediately north of Le Bourget Airport
Le Bourget Airport
Paris – Le Bourget Airport is an airport located in Le Bourget, Bonneuil-en-France, and Dugny, north-northeast of Paris, France. It is now used only for general aviation as well as air shows...
and southwest of Charles de Gaulle International Airport.
History
Since CarolingianCarolingian Empire
Carolingian Empire is a historiographical term which has been used to refer to the realm of the Franks under the Carolingian dynasty in the Early Middle Ages. This dynasty is seen as the founders of France and Germany, and its beginning date is based on the crowning of Charlemagne, or Charles the...
times, cereals have been grown in Gonesse. In the period of the 12th through the 16th centuries, the cultivation of grain was supplemented by drapery, in particular the production of the coarse woolen material of the gaunace. The commune was an important producer of wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
for the Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
ian market in modern times, until the decline of its bakery trade at the end of the 18th century
French First Republic
The French First Republic was founded on 22 September 1792, by the newly established National Convention. The First Republic lasted until the declaration of the First French Empire in 1804 under Napoleon I...
helped feed a strong migration to the capital.
The world's first hydrogen filled balloon
Balloon (aircraft)
A balloon is a type of aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. A balloon travels by moving with the wind. It is distinct from an airship, which is a buoyant aircraft that can be propelled through the air in a controlled manner....
— the unmanned Le Globe, launched by Jacques Charles
Jacques Charles
Jacques Alexandre César Charles was a French inventor, scientist, mathematician, and balloonist.Charles and the Robert brothers launched the world's first hydrogen-filled balloon in August 1783, then in December 1783, Charles and his co-pilot Nicolas-Louis Robert ascended to a height of about...
and the Robert brothers
Robert brothers
Les Frères Robert were two French brothers. Anne-Jean Robert , and Nicolas-Louis Robert , The brothers were the engineers who built the world's first hydrogen balloon for professor Jacques Charles; it flew from central Paris on...
on the Champ de Mars in Paris on 27 August 1783 — flew for forty-five minutes and landed in Gonesse, where the reportedly terrified local peasants destroyed it with pitchforks. This caused the government to issue a statement on the harmlessness and the scientific value of such remnants.
In 1815, Marshal Grouchy arrived in Gonesse in the course of the War of the Sixth Coalition
War of the Sixth Coalition
In the War of the Sixth Coalition , a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, Spain and a number of German States finally defeated France and drove Napoleon Bonaparte into exile on Elba. After Napoleon's disastrous invasion of Russia, the continental powers...
, with 40,000 troops and 120 artillery pieces. On 2 July, the Duke of Wellington
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS , was an Irish-born British soldier and statesman, and one of the leading military and political figures of the 19th century...
made his headquarters at the commune.
Since June 1939, the property Frapart (the Castle) is used as the main establishment of the urban administration.
Jean Camus, Louis Furmanek, Pierre Lorgnet, and Albert Drouhot from Gonesse belonged to the French Resistance
French Resistance
The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
movement during the German occupation of France from 1940 to 1944.
On 25 July 2000, Air France Flight 4590
Air France Flight 4590
Air France Flight 4590 was a Concorde flight operated by Air France which was scheduled to run from Charles de Gaulle International Airport near Paris, to John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. On 2000, it crashed in Gonesse, France. All one hundred passengers and nine crew...
— a Concorde
Concorde
Aérospatiale-BAC Concorde was a turbojet-powered supersonic passenger airliner, a supersonic transport . It was a product of an Anglo-French government treaty, combining the manufacturing efforts of Aérospatiale and the British Aircraft Corporation...
supersonic transport
Supersonic transport
A supersonic transport is a civilian supersonic aircraft designed to transport passengers at speeds greater than the speed of sound. The only SSTs to see regular service to date have been Concorde and the Tupolev Tu-144. The last passenger flight of the Tu-144 was in June 1978 with its last ever...
— crashed onto a hotel in the town after having run over an item that had fallen off a DC-10
McDonnell Douglas DC-10
The McDonnell Douglas DC-10 is a three-engine widebody jet airliner manufactured by McDonnell Douglas. The DC-10 has range for medium- to long-haul flights, capable of carrying a maximum 380 passengers. Its most distinguishing feature is the two turbofan engines mounted on underwing pylons and a...
at nearby Charles de Gaulle International Airport.
Twinning with Leonessa
Gonesse is twinned with the town of LeonessaLeonessa
Leonessa is a town and comune in the far northeastern part of the Province of Rieti in the Lazio region of central Italy. Its population in 2008 was around 2,700.Situated in a small plain at the foot of Mt...
in Rieti
Province of Rieti
The Province of Rieti is a province in the Lazio region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Rieti.It has an area of 2,749 km², and a total population of 153,258 . There are 73 comuni in the province, see Comuni of the Province of Rieti.It was founded in 1927.-External links:*...
/ Italy, since 1981.
Sights
Among the places worthwhile to visit in the town are the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, the old Hotel-Dieu, the Hotel-Dieu, the lofts Garlande and Orgemont, and the estates of Malmaison and of Coulanges.Transport
Gonesse is served neither by the Paris Métro, RER, nor the suburban rail network. The closest station is the Villiers-le-Bel – Gonesse – Arnouville station on the Paris RER line DRER D
The RER D is one of the five lines in the RER rapid transit system serving :Paris, France.The line officially runs from the northern terminus Orry-la-Ville – Coye to the southern terminuses Melun and Malesherbes...
. This station is located in the neighbouring commune of Arnouville-lès-Gonesse
Arnouville-lès-Gonesse
Arnouville is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France.Previously known as Arnouville-lès-Gonesse, the name was officially changed to Arnouville on 1 July 2010.-Population:-References:** -External links:* * *...
, 2.6 km (1.6 mi) from Gonesse town centre.
Notable people
- King Philip AugustusPhilip II of FrancePhilip II Augustus was the King of France from 1180 until his death. A member of the House of Capet, Philip Augustus was born at Gonesse in the Val-d'Oise, the son of Louis VII and his third wife, Adela of Champagne...
was born in Gonesse on 21 August 1165. - Simon AbkarianSimon AbkarianSimon Abkarian is a French-Armenian actor.Born in Gonesse, Val d'Oise, of Armenian descent, Abkarian spent his childhood in Lebanon. He moved to Los Angeles, where he joined an Armenian theater company managed by Gerald Papazian. He returned to France in 1985, settling in Paris...
- Mohamed FofanaMohamed FofanaMohamed Fofana is a French-born Malian football defender of Guinean and/or Malian or Ivorian descent, who currently plays for Toulouse.-External links:...
footballer - Cedric MoukouriCedric MoukouriCédric Moukouri Mambingo, known as Cédric Moukouri is a French football player who plays for Enosis Neon Paralimni....
footballer - Thierry RupertThierry RupertThierry Rupert is a French basketball player.Rupert has had 35 selections on the French national men's basketball team from 2001-2004 .- references :...
, basketball player