Gubaru
Encyclopedia
Gobryas was a common name of several Persian noblemen. The English form Gobryas is derived from the Greek rendering of this name.
as a general who helped in the conquering of Babylon.
The A.K. Grayson translation of the Nabonidus Chronicle
based on that of T.G. Pinches, considers both the names Ugbaru and Gubaru found in the latter to be references to this Gobryas. However the names are distinct in the text and refer to two different individuals, the one called Gubaru being the ruler placed over Babylon thus corresponding to Cyaxares
of the Cyropedia (and the Darius the Mede of the Bible) not Gobryas. Ugbaru remains a candidate for Gobryas being described as the ruler of the region of Gutium
dying soon after the conquest of Babylon similarly to Xenophon's portrayel of Gobryas as an elderly "Assyrian" ruler.
in September of 522 mentioned by Herodotus
. He was appointed as Darius' lance carrier (arštibara). He is represented on the Behistun inscription
and on Darius' tomb in Naqsh-e Rustam
, as
Pâtišuvariš, is perhaps the mountainous region north of Alborz
in northern Iran, probably Mazandaran. In the 521,he was sent to Elam
,to defeat the rebel king Atamaita; after this, he served as satrap
of Elam. Gobryas married to the sister of Darius, Artazostre
or Radušdukda. They had a son, Mardonius
, one of the generals of Xerxes
during campaign to Greece. A daughter of Gobryas, from an earlier marriage, was married to Darius.
Gobryas (Cyrus the Great's general)
This Gobryas is mentioned in the Cyropedia of XenophonXenophon
Xenophon , son of Gryllus, of the deme Erchia of Athens, also known as Xenophon of Athens, was a Greek historian, soldier, mercenary, philosopher and a contemporary and admirer of Socrates...
as a general who helped in the conquering of Babylon.
The A.K. Grayson translation of the Nabonidus Chronicle
Nabonidus Chronicle
The Nabonidus Chronicle is an ancient Babylonian text, part of a larger series of Babylonian Chronicles incribed in cuneiform script on clay tablets...
based on that of T.G. Pinches, considers both the names Ugbaru and Gubaru found in the latter to be references to this Gobryas. However the names are distinct in the text and refer to two different individuals, the one called Gubaru being the ruler placed over Babylon thus corresponding to Cyaxares
Cyaxares II
Cyaxares II was said to be a king of the Medes whose reign is described by the Greek historian Xenophon. Some theories have equated this figure with the "Darius the Mede" named in the Book of Daniel...
of the Cyropedia (and the Darius the Mede of the Bible) not Gobryas. Ugbaru remains a candidate for Gobryas being described as the ruler of the region of Gutium
Gutium
The Gutians were a tribe that overran southern Mesopotamia when the Akkadian empire collapsed in approximately 2154 BC....
dying soon after the conquest of Babylon similarly to Xenophon's portrayel of Gobryas as an elderly "Assyrian" ruler.
Gobryas (the helper of Darius the Great)
One of the six helpers of Darius in killing GaumātaSmerdis of Persia
Bardiya was a son of Cyrus the Great and the younger brother of Cambyses II, both Persian kings. There are sharply divided views on his life, he may have ruled the Achaemenid Empire for a few months in 522 BCE, or he may have been impersonated by a magus called Gaumata. -Name and sources:The...
in September of 522 mentioned by Herodotus
Herodotus
Herodotus was an ancient Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus, Caria and lived in the 5th century BC . He has been called the "Father of History", and was the first historian known to collect his materials systematically, test their accuracy to a certain extent and arrange them in a...
. He was appointed as Darius' lance carrier (arštibara). He is represented on the Behistun inscription
Behistun Inscription
The Behistun Inscription The Behistun Inscription The Behistun Inscription (also Bistun or Bisutun, Modern Persian: بیستون The Behistun Inscription (also Bistun or Bisutun, Modern Persian: بیستون...
and on Darius' tomb in Naqsh-e Rustam
Naqsh-e Rustam
Naqsh-e Rustam also referred to as Necropolis is an archaeological site located about 12 km northwest of Persepolis, in Fars province, Iran. Naqsh-e Rustam lies a few hundred meters from Naqsh-e Rajab....
, as
Gobryas from Pâtišuvariš, the lance carrier of king Darius
Pâtišuvariš, is perhaps the mountainous region north of Alborz
Alborz
Alborz , also written as Alburz, Elburz or Elborz, is a mountain range in northern Iran stretching from the borders of Azerbaijan and Armenia in the northwest to the southern end of the Caspian Sea, and ending in the east at the borders of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan...
in northern Iran, probably Mazandaran. In the 521,he was sent to Elam
Elam
Elam was an ancient civilization located in what is now southwest Iran. Elam was centered in the far west and the southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of Khuzestan and Ilam Province, as well as a small part of southern Iraq...
,to defeat the rebel king Atamaita; after this, he served as satrap
Satrap
Satrap was the name given to the governors of the provinces of the ancient Median and Achaemenid Empires and in several of their successors, such as the Sassanid Empire and the Hellenistic empires....
of Elam. Gobryas married to the sister of Darius, Artazostre
Artazostre
Artazostre was a Persian princess, daughter of king Darius the Great by Artystone, daughter of Cyrus the Great....
or Radušdukda. They had a son, Mardonius
Mardonius
Mardonius was a leading Persian military commander during the Persian Wars with Greece in the early 5th century BC.-Early years:Mardonius was the son of Gobryas, a Persian nobleman who had assisted the Achaemenid prince Darius when he claimed the throne...
, one of the generals of Xerxes
Xerxes I of Persia
Xerxes I of Persia , Ḫšayāršā, ), also known as Xerxes the Great, was the fifth king of kings of the Achaemenid Empire.-Youth and rise to power:...
during campaign to Greece. A daughter of Gobryas, from an earlier marriage, was married to Darius.