HIDA scan
Encyclopedia
A cholescintigraphy scan, also known as: Hepato Iminodiacetic Acid HIDA, Paraisopropyl Iminodiacetic Acid PIPIDA, or Diisopropyl Iminodiacetic Acid DISIDA scan
is a nuclear imaging procedure to evaluate the health and function of the gallbladder
. A radioactive tracer, usually a technetium-99m
Iminodiacetic acid derivative, is injected through any accessible vein, then allowed to circulate to the liver
, where it is excreted into the biliary system and stored by the gallbladder and biliary system.
In the absence of disease, the gallbladder is visualized within 1 hour of the injection of the radioactive tracer. If the gallbladder is not visualized within 4 hours after the injection, this indicates either cholecystitis
or cystic duct obstruction. This investigation is usually conducted after an ultrasound examination of the abdominal right upper quadrant for pain. If the non-invasive ultrasound examination fails to demonstrate gall stones (or other obstruction to the gall bladder or biliary tree) in an attempt to establish a cause of right upper quadrant pain, this cholescintigraphy scan can be performed as a more sensitive and specific test. Cholescintigraphy scans are not generally done first line due to their increased cost and invasiveness.
Cholescintigraphy for acute cholecystitis has sensitivity of 97%, Specificity of 94%.
Technetium-99m labeled Imino-Diacetic Acid is rarely used currently, as Technetium-99m Paraisopropyl Iminodiacetic Acid (PIPIDA), or technetium-99m Diisopropyl Iminodiacetic Acid (DISIDA) have replaced it, but the term HIDA remains.
is a nuclear imaging procedure to evaluate the health and function of the gallbladder
Gallbladder
In vertebrates the gallbladder is a small organ that aids mainly in fat digestion and concentrates bile produced by the liver. In humans the loss of the gallbladder is usually easily tolerated....
. A radioactive tracer, usually a technetium-99m
Technetium-99m
Technetium-99m is a metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99, symbolized as 99mTc. The "m" indicates that this is a metastable nuclear isomer, i.e., that its half-life of 6 hours is considerably longer than most nuclear isomers that undergo gamma decay...
Iminodiacetic acid derivative, is injected through any accessible vein, then allowed to circulate to the liver
Liver
The liver is a vital organ present in vertebrates and some other animals. It has a wide range of functions, including detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion...
, where it is excreted into the biliary system and stored by the gallbladder and biliary system.
In the absence of disease, the gallbladder is visualized within 1 hour of the injection of the radioactive tracer. If the gallbladder is not visualized within 4 hours after the injection, this indicates either cholecystitis
Cholecystitis
-Signs and symptoms:Cholecystitis usually presents as a pain in the right upper quadrant. This is known as biliary colic. This is initially intermittent, but later usually presents as a constant, severe pain. During the initial stages, the pain may be felt in an area totally separate from the site...
or cystic duct obstruction. This investigation is usually conducted after an ultrasound examination of the abdominal right upper quadrant for pain. If the non-invasive ultrasound examination fails to demonstrate gall stones (or other obstruction to the gall bladder or biliary tree) in an attempt to establish a cause of right upper quadrant pain, this cholescintigraphy scan can be performed as a more sensitive and specific test. Cholescintigraphy scans are not generally done first line due to their increased cost and invasiveness.
Cholescintigraphy for acute cholecystitis has sensitivity of 97%, Specificity of 94%.
Technetium-99m labeled Imino-Diacetic Acid is rarely used currently, as Technetium-99m Paraisopropyl Iminodiacetic Acid (PIPIDA), or technetium-99m Diisopropyl Iminodiacetic Acid (DISIDA) have replaced it, but the term HIDA remains.