HLA-DR1
Encyclopedia
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| DR1 binding pocket with ligand | ||
| Haplotypes groups | DRA*01:DRB1*0101 DRA*01:DRB1*0102 DRA*01:DRB1*0103 | |
| Structure (See HLA-DR) | ||
| Identifiers | ||
| Symbol(s) Human Genome Organisation The Human Genome Organisation is an organization involved in the Human Genome Project, a project about mapping the human genome. HUGO was established in 1989 as an international organization, primarily to foster collaboration between genome scientists around the world... |
HLA-DRA | |
| EBI-HLA European Bioinformatics Institute The European Bioinformatics Institute is a centre for research and services in bioinformatics, and is part of European Molecular Biology Laboratory... |
DRA *0101 | |
| Identifiers | ||
| Symbol(s) Human Genome Organisation The Human Genome Organisation is an organization involved in the Human Genome Project, a project about mapping the human genome. HUGO was established in 1989 as an international organization, primarily to foster collaboration between genome scientists around the world... |
HLA-DRB1 | |
| Shared data | ||
| Locus Locus (genetics) In the fields of genetics and genetic computation, a locus is the specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome. A variant of the DNA sequence at a given locus is called an allele. The ordered list of loci known for a particular genome is called a genetic map... |
chr.6 Chromosome 6 (human) Chromosome 6 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs and represents between 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in cells... 6p21.31 |
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HLA-DR1 (DR1) is a HLA
Human leukocyte antigen
The human leukocyte antigen system is the name of the major histocompatibility complex in humans. The super locus contains a large number of genes related to immune system function in humans. This group of genes resides on chromosome 6, and encodes cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins and...
-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*01 gene products.
Serology
| DRB1* | DR1 | DR103 | Sample | |
| allele | % | % | % | size (N) |
| 97% | 6317 | |||
| 95% | 2035 | |||
| 56% | 12% | 1186 | ||
| >50% | 2 | |||
The serology for the most popular DR1 alleles is excellent. The serology for alleles , , , , , , and is unknown.
By serotype
DR1 is associated seronegative-rheumatoid arthritisRheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder that may affect many tissues and organs, but principally attacks synovial joints. The process produces an inflammatory response of the synovium secondary to hyperplasia of synovial cells, excess synovial fluid, and the development...
, penicillamine
Penicillamine
Penicillamine is a pharmaceutical of the chelator class. It is sold under the trade names of Cuprimine and Depen. The pharmaceutical form is D-penicillamine, as L-penicillamine is toxic...
-induced myasthenia
Myasthenia
-Medical conditions:* Myasthenia gravis* Ocular myasthenia* Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome...
, and schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness. It most commonly manifests itself as auditory hallucinations, paranoid or bizarre delusions, or disorganized speech and thinking, and it is accompanied by significant social...
. DR1 is increased in patients with systemic sclerosis and arthritis and in ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease . Ulcerative colitis is a form of colitis, a disease of the colon , that includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. The main symptom of active disease is usually constant diarrhea mixed with blood, of gradual onset...
with patients that have articular manifestations.
By allele
DRB1*0101 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis, in anti-Jk(a) mediated hemolytic transfusion reactions, foliaceous pemphigusPemphigus
Pemphigus is a rare group of blistering autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes.In pemphigus, autoantibodies form against desmoglein. Desmoglein forms the "glue" that attaches adjacent epidermal cells via attachment points called desmosomes...
, HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, and lichen planus
Lichen planus
Lichen planus is a chronic mucocutaneous disease that affects the skin, tongue, and oral mucosa. The disease presents itself in the form of papules, lesions, or rashes. Lichen planus does not involve lichens, the fungus/algae symbionts that often grow on tree trunks; the name refers to the dry and...
. In lyme disease arthritis, *0101 appears to play a role in
presentation of triggering microbial antigens.
DRB1*0102 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis, in anti-Jk(a) mediated hemolytic transfusion reactions, psoriasis vulgaris
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that appears on the skin. It occurs when the immune system mistakes the skin cells as a pathogen, and sends out faulty signals that speed up the growth cycle of skin cells. Psoriasis is not contagious. However, psoriasis has been linked to an increased risk of...
, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
DRB1*0103 is associated with colonic Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease, also known as regional enteritis, is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus, causing a wide variety of symptoms...
and ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease . Ulcerative colitis is a form of colitis, a disease of the colon , that includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. The main symptom of active disease is usually constant diarrhea mixed with blood, of gradual onset...
.
By genotype
DRB1*0101/*0404 and *0101/*0401 increases risk of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, with eschemic heart disease and smoking. these same genotypes are associated with rheumatoid vasculitis.
By haplotype
DRB1*0102:DQB1*0501 is associated with psoriasis vulgaris and tubulointerstitial nephritisInterstitial nephritis
Interstitial nephritis is a form of nephritis affecting the interstitium of the kidneys surrounding the tubules...
& uveitis syndrome, but is relatively protective against juvenile diabetes.
DR1-DQ5 is associate with tubulointerstitial nephritis
Nephritis
Nephritis is inflammation of the nephrons in the kidneys. The word "nephritis" was imported from Latin, which took it from Greek: νεφρίτιδα. The word comes from the Greek νεφρός - nephro- meaning "of the kidney" and -itis meaning "inflammation"....
& uveitis
Uveitis
Uveitis specifically refers to inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, termed the "uvea" but in common usage may refer to any inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye....
syndrome.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
DR1 are associated with rheumatoid arthritis, and while not the strongest association with the highest risk for early onset arthritis is within the DR4 bearing native American population. There frequency of DR4-DQ8 haplotypes reach extreme nodal levels. Arthritis has been identified in a precolumbian remains from Italy, the affected individual bearing the DRB1*0101 allele. DRB1*0101 and most DR4 have in common a 'shared epitope'. In this hypothesis a common region of the beta chain, positions 67 to 74, are common and may be integral to presenting auto-immunological peptides.Genetic Linkage
| Serotypes | DRA | DRB1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DR1 | *0101 | *0101 | ||
| *0101 | *0102 | |||
| *0101 | *0103 | |||
| Serotypes | DQA1 | DQB1 | | DRB1 | |
| DR1-DQ5 (5.1, 1) | *0101 | *0501 | *0101 | |
| *0101 | *0501 | *0102 | ||
| *0101 | *0501 | *0103 | ||
| Serotypes | HLA-A | HLA C | HLA B | | DRB1 |
| A3-Cw4-B35-DR1 | *0301 | *0401 | *3501 | *0101 |
| A11-Cw4-B35-DR1 | *1101 | *0401 | *3501 | *0103 |
| A33-Cw8-B14-DR1 | *3301 | *0802 | *1402 | *0102 |
HLA-DR1 is not genetically linked to DR51, DR52 or DR53, but is linked to HLA-DQ1
HLA-DQ1
HLA-DQ1 is a serotype that covers a broad range of HLA-DQ haplotypes. Historically it was identified as a DR-like alpha chain called DC1, later, it was among 3 types DQw1 , DQw2 and DQw3. Of these three serotyping specificities only DQw1 recognized DQ alpha chain. The serotype is positive in...
and DQ5
HLA-DQ5
HLA-DQ4 is a human leukocyte antigen serotype subgroup within HLA-DQ serotypes. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of β5.x subset of DQ β-chains. The β-chain of DQ is encoded by HLA-DQB1 locus and DQ5 are encoded by the HLA-DQB1*05 allele group. This group currently contains 4...
serotypes.