Hallow, Worcestershire
Encyclopedia
Hallow is a village and civil parish beside the River Severn
, about 2 miles (3.2 km) north-west of Worcester
in Worcestershire
. The village is on the A433 road that links Worcester with Holt Heath
.
was recorded as Halhegan, Heallingan and Halnegan. In the 11th century it was recorded as Halhegan and Hallhagan, while in the 13th century it was Hallawe, Hallaye or Hallag.
of Hallow is from AD 816, during the reign of Coenwulf of Mercia
, when Hallow evidently belonged to Worcester Cathedral, and by the 10th century Hallow belonged to the Benedictine
priory
attached to the cathedral. After the Dissolution of the Monasteries
around 1540 the cathedral retained Hallow, and in 1913 the manor was vested in the Ecclesiastical Commissioners
.
By the middle of the 11th century Worcester Priory had fishponds at Hallow and in 1256 permission was granted for a warren
as well. Both were still in use in 1346.
The Domesday Book
records that in 1086 Hallow had two mills for grinding grain: presumably watermill
s on the River Severn. Hallow Mill was still in use in 1913.
. Hallow's original chapel of ease
was demolished in 1830 and replaced by a modest Georgian
chapel on a new site about 300 yards (274.3 m) south-east of the old one.
In 1867 the second chapel was demolished and building began of the present Church of England parish church
of Saint Philip
and Saint James
. It was designed by W.J. Hopkins
and completed in 1869. Hallow was made a separate parish in 1876. The bell tower
with its 150 feet (45.7 m) high broach spire
were added in 1879.
The church is W.J. Hopkins' most notable work. The nave
and clerestorey are of four bays
and are flanked by north and south aisles. The clerestorey is supported by flying buttress
es and, like a number of Hopkins' works, has round windows. The chancel
and its arch are impressively high. 17th and 18th century memorial tablets from the old chapel were preserved and are mounted in the new church.
The old chapel had three bells in 1552 and five in 1740. A 16th century bell from the old chapel hung in the new church until 1900, when a new peal
of eight bells cast by John Taylor & Co of Loughborough
was hung in the tower.
, who preserved the life of Charles II
by hiding him in the Royal Oak
(1651), was resident in Hallow during the 1680s.
The manufacturer and philanthropist William Morris
(1877-1963), the future Viscount Nuffield, was born in Hallow and baptised at SS Philip and James.
, a post office
and a Church of England
primary school.
River Severn
The River Severn is the longest river in Great Britain, at about , but the second longest on the British Isles, behind the River Shannon. It rises at an altitude of on Plynlimon, Ceredigion near Llanidloes, Powys, in the Cambrian Mountains of mid Wales...
, about 2 miles (3.2 km) north-west of Worcester
Worcester
The City of Worcester, commonly known as Worcester, , is a city and county town of Worcestershire in the West Midlands of England. Worcester is situated some southwest of Birmingham and north of Gloucester, and has an approximate population of 94,000 people. The River Severn runs through the...
in Worcestershire
Worcestershire
Worcestershire is a non-metropolitan county, established in antiquity, located in the West Midlands region of England. For Eurostat purposes it is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three counties that comprise the "Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Warwickshire" NUTS 2 region...
. The village is on the A433 road that links Worcester with Holt Heath
Holt Heath, Worcestershire
Holt Heath, in the parish of Holt, is a village near the west bank of the River Severn in Worcestershire.The nearest towns are all about 9 km away: to the north Stourport-on-Severn, to the east Droitwich Spa and to the south Worcester....
.
Toponym
In the 9th century the toponymToponymy
Toponymy is the scientific study of place names , their origins, meanings, use and typology. The word "toponymy" is derived from the Greek words tópos and ónoma . Toponymy is itself a branch of onomastics, the study of names of all kinds...
was recorded as Halhegan, Heallingan and Halnegan. In the 11th century it was recorded as Halhegan and Hallhagan, while in the 13th century it was Hallawe, Hallaye or Hallag.
Manor
The earliest record of the manorManorialism
Manorialism, an essential element of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire, was widely practiced in medieval western and parts of central Europe, and was slowly replaced by the advent of a money-based market...
of Hallow is from AD 816, during the reign of Coenwulf of Mercia
Coenwulf of Mercia
Coenwulf was King of Mercia from December 796 to 821. He was a descendant of a brother of King Penda, who had ruled Mercia in the middle of the 7th century. He succeeded Ecgfrith, the son of Offa; Ecgfrith only reigned for five months, with Coenwulf coming to the throne in the same year that Offa...
, when Hallow evidently belonged to Worcester Cathedral, and by the 10th century Hallow belonged to the Benedictine
Order of Saint Benedict
The Order of Saint Benedict is a Roman Catholic religious order of independent monastic communities that observe the Rule of St. Benedict. Within the order, each individual community maintains its own autonomy, while the organization as a whole exists to represent their mutual interests...
priory
Priory
A priory is a house of men or women under religious vows that is headed by a prior or prioress. Priories may be houses of mendicant friars or religious sisters , or monasteries of monks or nuns .The Benedictines and their offshoots , the Premonstratensians, and the...
attached to the cathedral. After the Dissolution of the Monasteries
Dissolution of the Monasteries
The Dissolution of the Monasteries, sometimes referred to as the Suppression of the Monasteries, was the set of administrative and legal processes between 1536 and 1541 by which Henry VIII disbanded monasteries, priories, convents and friaries in England, Wales and Ireland; appropriated their...
around 1540 the cathedral retained Hallow, and in 1913 the manor was vested in the Ecclesiastical Commissioners
Ecclesiastical Commissioners
Ecclesiastical Commissioners were, in England and Wales, a body corporate, whose full title is Ecclesiastical and Church Estates Commissioners for England. The commissioners were authorized to determine the distribution of revenues of the Church of England, and they made extensive changes in how...
.
By the middle of the 11th century Worcester Priory had fishponds at Hallow and in 1256 permission was granted for a warren
Warren
- Definition :Warren refers to a network of underground interconnecting rabbit burrows, a place where rabbits breed and live, or an overcrowded place or building.- Geographical names :* Warrens, Saint Michael, Barbados* Warren, Manitoba, Canada...
as well. Both were still in use in 1346.
The Domesday Book
Domesday Book
Domesday Book , now held at The National Archives, Kew, Richmond upon Thames in South West London, is the record of the great survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086...
records that in 1086 Hallow had two mills for grinding grain: presumably watermill
Watermill
A watermill is a structure that uses a water wheel or turbine to drive a mechanical process such as flour, lumber or textile production, or metal shaping .- History :...
s on the River Severn. Hallow Mill was still in use in 1913.
Parish church
Until 1876 Hallow was a chapelry of GrimleyGrimley, Worcestershire
Grimley is a village and civil parish in the Malvern Hills District in the county of Worcestershire, England. .It is known for Grimley Gravel Pits , a gravel quarry and nature reserve.-External links:* pages by the West Midland Bird Club.**...
. Hallow's original chapel of ease
Chapel of ease
A chapel of ease is a church building other than the parish church, built within the bounds of a parish for the attendance of those who cannot reach the parish church conveniently....
was demolished in 1830 and replaced by a modest Georgian
Georgian architecture
Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1720 and 1840. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover—George I of Great Britain, George II of Great Britain, George III of the United...
chapel on a new site about 300 yards (274.3 m) south-east of the old one.
In 1867 the second chapel was demolished and building began of the present Church of England parish church
Church of England parish church
A parish church in the Church of England is the church which acts as the religious centre for the people within the smallest and most basic Church of England administrative region, known as a parish.-Parishes in England:...
of Saint Philip
Philip the Apostle
Philip the Apostle was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Later Christian traditions describe Philip as the apostle who preached in Greece, Syria, and Phrygia....
and Saint James
James the Just
James , first Bishop of Jerusalem, who died in 62 AD, was an important figure in Early Christianity...
. It was designed by W.J. Hopkins
William Hopkins (architect)
-Career:One of Hopkins' earliest works, the Public Hall in Worcester , was Italianate. Most of his work thereafter was of the Gothic Revival. For many years he was the Worcester Diocesan Architect, and as such he mostly built or rebuilt Church of England parish churches in...
and completed in 1869. Hallow was made a separate parish in 1876. The bell tower
Bell tower
A bell tower is a tower which contains one or more bells, or which is designed to hold bells, even if it has none. In the European tradition, such a tower most commonly serves as part of a church and contains church bells. When attached to a city hall or other civic building, especially in...
with its 150 feet (45.7 m) high broach spire
Broach spire
A broach spire is a type of spire, a tall pyramidal or conical structure usually on the top of a tower or a turret. A broach spire starts on a square base and is carried up to a tapering octagonal spire by means of triangular faces....
were added in 1879.
The church is W.J. Hopkins' most notable work. The nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
and clerestorey are of four bays
Bay (architecture)
A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:...
and are flanked by north and south aisles. The clerestorey is supported by flying buttress
Flying buttress
A flying buttress is a specific form of buttressing most strongly associated with Gothic church architecture. The purpose of any buttress is to resist the lateral forces pushing a wall outwards by redirecting them to the ground...
es and, like a number of Hopkins' works, has round windows. The chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
and its arch are impressively high. 17th and 18th century memorial tablets from the old chapel were preserved and are mounted in the new church.
The old chapel had three bells in 1552 and five in 1740. A 16th century bell from the old chapel hung in the new church until 1900, when a new peal
Change ringing
Change ringing is the art of ringing a set of tuned bells in a series of mathematical patterns called "changes". It differs from many other forms of campanology in that no attempt is made to produce a conventional melody....
of eight bells cast by John Taylor & Co of Loughborough
Loughborough
Loughborough is a town within the Charnwood borough of Leicestershire, England. It is the seat of Charnwood Borough Council and is home to Loughborough University...
was hung in the tower.
Notable people
Colonel William CarelessWilliam Careless (Carlos)
Colonel William Careless was a Royalist officer of the English Civil War. It has been estimated that he was born c. 1620, however, it is more likely that he was born c. 1610. He was the second son of John Careless of Broom Hall, Brewood, Staffordshire...
, who preserved the life of Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
by hiding him in the Royal Oak
Royal Oak
The Royal Oak is the English oak tree within which King Charles II of England hid to escape the Roundheads following the Battle of Worcester in 1651. The tree was located in Boscobel Wood, which was part of the park of Boscobel House. Charles confirmed to Samuel Pepys in 1680 that while he was...
(1651), was resident in Hallow during the 1680s.
The manufacturer and philanthropist William Morris
William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield
William Richard Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield GBE, CH , known as Sir William Morris, Bt, between 1929 and 1934 and as The Lord Nuffield between 1934 and 1938, was a British motor manufacturer and philanthropist...
(1877-1963), the future Viscount Nuffield, was born in Hallow and baptised at SS Philip and James.
Amenities
Hallow has a public housePublic house
A public house, informally known as a pub, is a drinking establishment fundamental to the culture of Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. There are approximately 53,500 public houses in the United Kingdom. This number has been declining every year, so that nearly half of the smaller...
, a post office
Post office
A post office is a facility forming part of a postal system for the posting, receipt, sorting, handling, transmission or delivery of mail.Post offices offer mail-related services such as post office boxes, postage and packaging supplies...
and a Church of England
Voluntary controlled school
A voluntary controlled school is a state-funded school in England, Wales and Northern Ireland in which a foundation or trust has some formal influence in the running of the school...
primary school.