Hammad ibn Buluggin
Encyclopedia
Hammad ibn Buluggin was the first ruler of the Hammadid
s in what is now Algeria
(1014–1028).
After the death of his father Buluggin ibn Ziri
, al-Mansur ibn Buluggin
(984–995), Hammad's brother, became the head of the Zirid
dynasty in Ifriqiya
, and installed Hammad as governor of the central Maghreb
(grossly corresponding to the modern northern Algeria
). He took on the Zanata tribes and eventually drove them into Morocco
. In 1007 Hammad founded the residence of al-Qala
("the Fortress") in the Hodna mountains west of Setif and embarked on an extensive building programme, which included a palace and mosque that became famous amongst contemporaries.
Following this Hammad gained ever more influence in the western Zirid realm. In 1014 he declared his independence from the Zirids and recognised the Abbasids in Baghdad
as being the rightful Caliphs (not the Fatimids in Egypt
, on whose behalf the Zirids ruled). Although there was initially conflict with the Zirids, in 1016 they were forced to conclude a ceasefire, and in 1018 they recognised the independence of the Hammadids.
The successor of Hammad was Qaid ibn Hammad
(1028–1054), under whom relations with the Fatimids were re-established.
Hammadid
The Hammadids were a Berber dynasty who ruled an area roughly corresponding to north-eastern modern Algeria for about a century and a half , until they were destroyed by the Almohads...
s in what is now Algeria
Algeria
Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
(1014–1028).
After the death of his father Buluggin ibn Ziri
Buluggin ibn Ziri
Bologhine ibn Ziri was the first ruler of the Zirids in Ifriqiya .Bologhine was already given responsibility under the governorship of his father Ziri ibn Manad, during which time he founded the cities of Algiers, Miliana and Médéa. After Ziri's death in battle against renegade Berbers, Bologhine...
, al-Mansur ibn Buluggin
Al-Mansur ibn Buluggin
al-Mansûr ibn Buluggin was the second ruler of the Zirids in Ifriqiya .Al-Mansur succeeded his father Buluggin ibn Ziri in Ifriqiya. Despite further campaigns by the Zirids against the Berber tribes of Morocco, he was forced to abandon the attempt at a permanent conquest of Fez and Sijilmasa...
(984–995), Hammad's brother, became the head of the Zirid
Zirid
The Zirid dynasty were a Sanhadja Berber dynasty, originating in modern Algeria, initially on behalf of the Fatimids, for about two centuries, until weakened by the Banu Hilal and finally destroyed by the Almohads. Their capital was Kairouan...
dynasty in Ifriqiya
Ifriqiya
In medieval history, Ifriqiya or Ifriqiyah was the area comprising the coastal regions of what are today western Libya, Tunisia, and eastern Algeria. This area included what had been the Roman province of Africa, whose name it inherited....
, and installed Hammad as governor of the central Maghreb
Maghreb
The Maghreb is the region of Northwest Africa, west of Egypt. It includes five countries: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Mauritania and the disputed territory of Western Sahara...
(grossly corresponding to the modern northern Algeria
Algeria
Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
). He took on the Zanata tribes and eventually drove them into Morocco
Morocco
Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
. In 1007 Hammad founded the residence of al-Qala
Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad
Beni Hammad Fort, also called Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad is a ruined, fortified palatine city in Algeria. It served as the first capital of the Hammadid dynasty. It is located in the mountains northeast of M'Sila, at an elevation of 1,418 meters, and receives abundant water from the surrounding...
("the Fortress") in the Hodna mountains west of Setif and embarked on an extensive building programme, which included a palace and mosque that became famous amongst contemporaries.
Following this Hammad gained ever more influence in the western Zirid realm. In 1014 he declared his independence from the Zirids and recognised the Abbasids in Baghdad
Baghdad
Baghdad is the capital of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Governorate. The population of Baghdad in 2011 is approximately 7,216,040...
as being the rightful Caliphs (not the Fatimids in Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
, on whose behalf the Zirids ruled). Although there was initially conflict with the Zirids, in 1016 they were forced to conclude a ceasefire, and in 1018 they recognised the independence of the Hammadids.
The successor of Hammad was Qaid ibn Hammad
Qaid ibn Hammad
Qaid ibn Hammad was the second Hammadid ruler in what is now Algeria.He succeeded his father Hammad ibn Buluggin in 1028. He named his brother Yusuf as governor of North Africa, and another brother, Ouighlan, governor of Hamza. In 1038 he was attacked by Hammama, lord of Fes, but pushed him back...
(1028–1054), under whom relations with the Fatimids were re-established.