Hans Vogel
Encyclopedia
Hans Vogel was a German
politician and chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
(SPD) along with Arthur Crispien
and Otto Wels
from 1931 to 1933. After the NSDAP came to power in 1933, he became one of the leaders of the social democratic exile organization Sopade
.
After attending the Volkshochschule in Fürth
, Vogel, the son of a merchant and shoemaker, complete an apprenticeship as wood sculptor assistant in 1897. He joined the trade union for wood sculptors as early as 1897. He worked in various parts of Germany. He was board member of a social democratic electoral association in Fürth
from 1907 to 1911. From 1908, Vogel worked as secretary of the precinct organization of the party. From 1912 to 1918 he was a member of the Bavaria
n Landtag
. He supported the Burgfrieden
politics of his party, i.e. the support of German war efforts and giving up the anti-militarist stance at the begin of World War I
, because he viewed this as his patriotic duty. Thus he also served in World War I
, serving as radio operator in the 105th Division
.
After the war and the German revolution, Vogel was a member of the German National Assembly, which wrote the Weimar Constitution
. He would remain a member of the Reichstag
until June 1933. After becoming a member of the caucus of the SPD in 1920, he was elected secretary of the party in 1927. In 1931, he became chairman along with Arthur Crispien
and Otto Wels
.
After the Machtergreifung
in January 1933, Vogel went to Saarbrücken
, at first because it was at the time administrated by the League of Nations
. But on June 2, he moved on to Prague
, which he left for Paris
in 1938. There he helped build up the Sopade
, of which he was the sole chairman after Wels's death in 1939.
After World War II
, he was not able to help with re-building the SPD. Hans-Vogel-Straße, a street in Fürth
, is named after him.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
politician and chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Social Democratic Party of Germany
The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany...
(SPD) along with Arthur Crispien
Arthur Crispien
Arthur Crispien was a German Social Democratic politician.- Biography :Crispien was born in Königsberg to August and Franziska Crispien. He worked as a house and stage painter in Königsberg and joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1894...
and Otto Wels
Otto Wels
Otto Wels was the chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany from 1919 and a member of parliament from 1920 to 1933....
from 1931 to 1933. After the NSDAP came to power in 1933, he became one of the leaders of the social democratic exile organization Sopade
Sopade
Sopade was the name of the exile organization of the Social Democratic Party of Germany . It operated in Prague from 1933 to 1938, from 1938 to 1940 in Paris and until 1945 in London....
.
After attending the Volkshochschule in Fürth
Fürth
The city of Fürth is located in northern Bavaria, Germany in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. It is now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the two cities being only 7 km apart....
, Vogel, the son of a merchant and shoemaker, complete an apprenticeship as wood sculptor assistant in 1897. He joined the trade union for wood sculptors as early as 1897. He worked in various parts of Germany. He was board member of a social democratic electoral association in Fürth
Fürth
The city of Fürth is located in northern Bavaria, Germany in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. It is now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the two cities being only 7 km apart....
from 1907 to 1911. From 1908, Vogel worked as secretary of the precinct organization of the party. From 1912 to 1918 he was a member of the Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
n Landtag
Landtag
A Landtag is a representative assembly or parliament in German-speaking countries with some legislative authority.- Name :...
. He supported the Burgfrieden
Burgfrieden
Burgfrieden—literally "fortress peace" or "castle peace" but more accurately "party truce"—is a German term used for the political truce the Social Democratic Party of Germany and the other political parties agreed to during World War I...
politics of his party, i.e. the support of German war efforts and giving up the anti-militarist stance at the begin of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, because he viewed this as his patriotic duty. Thus he also served in World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, serving as radio operator in the 105th Division
105th Infantry Division (German Empire)
The 105th Infantry Division was a unit of the Imperial German Army in World War I. The division was formed on May 5, 1915 and organized over the next few weeks. It was part of a wave of new infantry divisions formed in the spring of 1915...
.
After the war and the German revolution, Vogel was a member of the German National Assembly, which wrote the Weimar Constitution
Weimar constitution
The Constitution of the German Reich , usually known as the Weimar Constitution was the constitution that governed Germany during the Weimar Republic...
. He would remain a member of the Reichstag
Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
The Reichstag was the parliament of Weimar Republic .German constitution commentators consider only the Reichstag and now the Bundestag the German parliament. Another organ deals with legislation too: in 1867-1918 the Bundesrat, in 1919–1933 the Reichsrat and from 1949 on the Bundesrat...
until June 1933. After becoming a member of the caucus of the SPD in 1920, he was elected secretary of the party in 1927. In 1931, he became chairman along with Arthur Crispien
Arthur Crispien
Arthur Crispien was a German Social Democratic politician.- Biography :Crispien was born in Königsberg to August and Franziska Crispien. He worked as a house and stage painter in Königsberg and joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1894...
and Otto Wels
Otto Wels
Otto Wels was the chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany from 1919 and a member of parliament from 1920 to 1933....
.
After the Machtergreifung
Machtergreifung
Machtergreifung is a German word meaning "seizure of power". It is normally used specifically to refer to the Nazi takeover of power in the democratic Weimar Republic on 30 January 1933, the day Hitler was sworn in as Chancellor of Germany, turning it into the Nazi German dictatorship.-Term:The...
in January 1933, Vogel went to Saarbrücken
Saarbrücken
Saarbrücken is the capital of the state of Saarland in Germany. The city is situated at the heart of a metropolitan area that borders on the west on Dillingen and to the north-east on Neunkirchen, where most of the people of the Saarland live....
, at first because it was at the time administrated by the League of Nations
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace...
. But on June 2, he moved on to Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
, which he left for Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
in 1938. There he helped build up the Sopade
Sopade
Sopade was the name of the exile organization of the Social Democratic Party of Germany . It operated in Prague from 1933 to 1938, from 1938 to 1940 in Paris and until 1945 in London....
, of which he was the sole chairman after Wels's death in 1939.
After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, he was not able to help with re-building the SPD. Hans-Vogel-Straße, a street in Fürth
Fürth
The city of Fürth is located in northern Bavaria, Germany in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. It is now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the two cities being only 7 km apart....
, is named after him.