Hans Vogt (composer)
Encyclopedia
Hans Vogt was a German
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

 composer
Composer
A composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...

 and conductor
Conducting
Conducting is the art of directing a musical performance by way of visible gestures. The primary duties of the conductor are to unify performers, set the tempo, execute clear preparations and beats, and to listen critically and shape the sound of the ensemble...

.

Professional career

He was born in Danzig
Gdansk
Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the...

. From 1929 to 1934 he studied with Georg Schumann
Georg Schumann (composer)
Georg Alfred Schumann was a German composer and director of the Berlin Singakademie.-Biography:Schumann was born at Königstein, Germany, October 25, 1866. He was the son of Clemens Schumann and the older brother of Camillo Schumann...

 and Otto Frickhoeffer at the Akademie der Künste
Akademie der Künste
The Akademie der Künste, Berlin is an arts institution in Berlin, Germany. It was founded in 1696 by Elector Frederick III of Brandenburg as the Prussian Academy of Arts, an academic institution where members could meet and discuss and share ideas...

 in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...

. From 1934 he worked in Minden
Minden
Minden is a town of about 83,000 inhabitants in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The town extends along both sides of the river Weser. It is the capital of the Kreis of Minden-Lübbecke, which is part of the region of Detmold. Minden is the historic political centre of the...

 as a cellist, pianist and conductor. In 1935 he was appointed Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister is a German word designating a person in charge of music-making. The word is a compound, consisting of the roots Kapelle and Meister . The words Kapelle and Meister derive from the Latin: capella and magister...

 at the Bielefeld Opera
Bielefeld Opera
The Bielefeld Opera is the venue of Städtische Bühnen Bielefeld in Bielefeld, Germany. It is a Dreisparten Haus , offering plays, music , and ballet...

 and in 1937 at Detmold
Detmold
Detmold is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with a population of about 74,000. It was the capital of the small Principality of Lippe from 1468 until 1918 and then of the Free State of Lippe until 1947...

. That same year he joined the Nazi Party (registration no. 5.653.178) and was appointed Oberscharführer of the Hitler Youth
Hitler Youth
The Hitler Youth was a paramilitary organization of the Nazi Party. It existed from 1922 to 1945. The HJ was the second oldest paramilitary Nazi group, founded one year after its adult counterpart, the Sturmabteilung...

. From 1938 until 1944 he was Kapellmeister of the Stralsunder Theater, and then music director of Stralsund
Stralsund
- Main sights :* The Brick Gothic historic centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.* The heart of the old town is the Old Market Square , with the Gothic Town Hall . Behind the town hall stands the imposing Nikolaikirche , built in 1270-1360...

, where he was also chairman of the Ministry of Arts.

In the postwar period Vogt lived first in 1946 as a freelance composer in Neckargemünd
Neckargemünd
Neckargemünd is a town in Germany, in the district of Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, state of Baden-Württemberg. It lies on the Neckar, 10 km upriver from Heidelberg at the confluence with the river Elsenz. This confluence of the two rivers is the origin of the name, as Neckargemünd means confluence of...

. From 1951 to 1978 he led a composition class at the Musikhochschule in Mannheim-Heidelberg. In 1971 he was appointed professor. Among his students was Barbara Heller
Barbara Heller
Barbara Heller is a German composer and pianist. She lives in Darmstadt, in the Odenwald and at times on the Canary Island of La Gomera.-Biography:...

.

Vogt composed two opera
Opera
Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance...

s, Die Stadt hinter dem Strom
Die Stadt hinter dem Strom (opera)
Die Stadt hinter dem Strom is an oratorio-opera in three acts composed by Hans Vogt to a libretto by Hermann Kasack based on his 1947 dystopian novel Die Stadt hinter dem Strom.-Background and performance history:...

after the novel
Die Stadt hinter dem Strom
Die Stadt hinter dem Strom is a German language existentialist novel by Hermann Kasack, published in 1947 in Berlin...

 of Hermann Kasack
Hermann Kasack
Hermann Robert Richard Eugen Kasack was a German writer. He is best known for his novel Die Stadt hinter dem Strom . Kasack was a pioneer of using the medium broadcast for literature...

 who also wrote the libretto
Libretto
A libretto is the text used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata, or musical. The term "libretto" is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as mass, requiem, and sacred cantata, or even the story line of a...

 and Athenerkomödie on a play of Christopher Middleton
Christopher Middleton (poet)
Christopher Middleton is a British poet and translator, especially of German literature.-Life:He was born in Truro, Cornwall, in 1926. He studied at Merton College, Oxford. He then held academic positions at the University of Zürich and King's College London. He became Professor of Germanic...

 after a fragment of Menander
Menander
Menander , Greek dramatist, the best-known representative of Athenian New Comedy, was the son of well-to-do parents; his father Diopeithes is identified by some with the Athenian general and governor of the Thracian Chersonese known from the speech of Demosthenes De Chersoneso...

. Vogt wrote a symphony
Symphony
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, scored almost always for orchestra. A symphony usually contains at least one movement or episode composed according to the sonata principle...

, two concertos for orchestra, two piano concerto
Piano concerto
A piano concerto is a concerto written for piano and orchestra.See also harpsichord concerto; some of these works are occasionally played on piano...

s, a violin concerto
Violin concerto
A violin concerto is a concerto for solo violin and instrumental ensemble, customarily orchestra. Such works have been written since the Baroque period, when the solo concerto form was first developed, up through the present day...

, a cello concerto, Serenade und Tarantella for viola and chamber ensemble, chamber music
Chamber music
Chamber music is a form of classical music, written for a small group of instruments which traditionally could be accommodated in a palace chamber. Most broadly, it includes any art music that is performed by a small number of performers with one performer to a part...

 and Lied
Lied
is a German word literally meaning "song", usually used to describe romantic songs setting German poems of reasonably high literary aspirations, especially during the nineteenth century, beginning with Carl Loewe, Heinrich Marschner, and Franz Schubert and culminating with Hugo Wolf...

er. His sacred music included a Requiem
Requiem
A Requiem or Requiem Mass, also known as Mass for the dead or Mass of the dead , is a Mass celebrated for the repose of the soul or souls of one or more deceased persons, using a particular form of the Roman Missal...

, two chamber oratorio
Oratorio
An oratorio is a large musical composition including an orchestra, a choir, and soloists. Like an opera, an oratorio includes the use of a choir, soloists, an ensemble, various distinguishable characters, and arias...

s, a cantata
Cantata
A cantata is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir....

, a Magnificat
Magnificat
The Magnificat — also known as the Song of Mary or the Canticle of Mary — is a canticle frequently sung liturgically in Christian church services. It is one of the eight most ancient Christian hymns and perhaps the earliest Marian hymn...

, and other choral music. In particular he composed the Psalm 129
Psalm 130
Psalm 130 , traditionally De profundis from its Latin incipit, is one of the Penitential psalms.-Commentary:...

, De profundis clamavi ad te, Domine, for a seven-part mixed choir a cappella
A cappella
A cappella music is specifically solo or group singing without instrumental sound, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It is the opposite of cantata, which is accompanied singing. A cappella was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato...

 (1951),a Passion music Ihr Töchter von Jerusalem, weinet nicht über mich in Latin and German for tenor, mixed choir and percussion (1973), and a Canticum Simeonis
Nunc dimittis
The Nunc dimittis is a canticle from a text in the second chapter of Luke named after its first words in Latin, meaning 'Now dismiss...'....

 for mixed choir and flute (1976).

Vogt's first opera, Die Stadt hinter dem Strom, was originally written for radio and premiered on Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk
Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk
Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk was the organization responsible for public broadcasting in the German Länder of Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein and North Rhine-Westphalia from 22 September 1945 until 31 December 1955. Until 1954, it was also responsible for broadcasting in West Berlin...

 and BBC Radio
BBC Radio
BBC Radio is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation which has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a Royal Charter since 1927. For a history of BBC radio prior to 1927 see British Broadcasting Company...

 in 1952. Vogt later adapted the work for the stage, and as a live theatre piece the opera was first performed at the Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden
Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden
The Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden is the State Theatre of the German state Hesse in the capital Wiesbaden, producing operas, plays, ballets, musicals and concerts on four stages. It is also known as Staatstheater Wiesbaden or Theater Wiesbaden...

 in 1955 as part of the Internationale Maifestspiele Wiesbaden. For his operas, Vogt collaborated personally with the librettists, Hermann Kasack, Christopher Middleton and Erich Fried
Erich Fried
Erich Fried , an Austrian poet who settled in England, was known for his political-minded poetry. He was also a broadcaster, translator and essayist....

, also with the publisher and musicologist Fritz Oeser
Fritz Oeser
Fritz Oeser was a musicologist, most famous for preparing restored versions of Bizet's Carmen in 1964 and Offenbach's Les contes d'Hoffmann in 1976. He also edited the 1877 version of Anton Bruckner's Third Symphony, in D Minor, ....

. In an obituary for Oeser that Vogt authored, the composer recalled that Oeser had requested him to come to Wiesbaden to change the Chorprolog (choral prologue), also that Oeser missed a climax in a certain scene in act 3 and promised to pay for a change. The libretto was published by Suhrkamp in 1955. Vogt's opera Athenerkomödie (The Metropolitans) was premiered at the Nationaltheater Mannheim in 1964, he revised it in 1967.

Vogt composed secular vocal works inspired by poems of Hermann Kasack, Christopher Fry
Christopher Fry
Christopher Fry was an English playwright. He is best known for his verse dramas, notably The Lady's Not for Burning, which made him a major force in theatre in the 1940s and 1950s.-Early life:...

, W. H. Auden
W. H. Auden
Wystan Hugh Auden , who published as W. H. Auden, was an Anglo-American poet,The first definition of "Anglo-American" in the OED is: "Of, belonging to, or involving both England and America." See also the definition "English in origin or birth, American by settlement or citizenship" in See also...

, T. S. Eliot
T. S. Eliot
Thomas Stearns "T. S." Eliot OM was a playwright, literary critic, and arguably the most important English-language poet of the 20th century. Although he was born an American he moved to the United Kingdom in 1914 and was naturalised as a British subject in 1927 at age 39.The poem that made his...

, Gerard M. Hopkins, Aesop's Fables
Aesop's Fables
Aesop's Fables or the Aesopica are a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a slave and story-teller believed to have lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 560 BCE. The fables remain a popular choice for moral education of children today...

, poems of Christopher Middleton
Christopher Middleton
Christopher Middleton may refer to:*Christopher Middleton , English translator and poet*Christopher Middleton , British poet*Christopher Middleton , Royal Navy officer and navigator...

, Gertrud Kolmar
Gertrud Kolmar
Gertrud Käthe Chodziesner , known by the literary pseudonym Gertrud Kolmar, was a German lyric poet and writer. She was born in Berlin and died, after her arrest and deportation as a Jew, in Auschwitz, a victim of the Nazi Final Solution. Though she was a cousin of Walter Benjamin, little is known...

, Horace
Horace
Quintus Horatius Flaccus , known in the English-speaking world as Horace, was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus.-Life:...

, Eduard Mörike
Eduard Mörike
Eduard Friedrich Mörike was a German Romantic poet.-Biography:Mörike was born in Ludwigsburg. His father was Karl Friedrich Mörike , a district medical councilor; his mother was Charlotte Bayer...

 and Gottfried Benn
Gottfried Benn
Gottfried Benn was a German essayist, novelist, and expressionist poet. A doctor of medicine, he became an early admirer, and later a critic, of the National Socialist revolution...

. Vogt's chamber music without keyboard includes a trio for flute, viola and harp (1951, revised 1989), a string trio
String trio
A string trio is a group of three string instruments or a piece written for such a group. The term is generally used with reference to works of chamber music from the Classical period to the present.-History:...

, four string quartet
String quartet
A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string players – usually two violin players, a violist and a cellist – or a piece written to be performed by such a group...

s, a string quintet
String quintet
A string quintet is a musical composition for a standard string quartet supplemented by a fifth string instrument, usually a second viola or a second cello , but occasionally a double bass. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who favoured addition of a viola, is considered a pioneer of the form...

, a string sextet
String sextet
In classical music, a string sextet is a composition written for six string instruments, or a group of six musicians who perform such a composition. Most string sextets have been written for an ensemble consisting of two violins, two violas, and two cellos....

, a string octet
String octet
A string octet is a piece of music written for eight string instruments, or sometimes the group of eight players. It usually consists of 4 violins, 2 violas and 2 cellos, or four violins, two violas, a cello and a double bass....

, duos for violin and double bass, violin and cello, violin and viola, cello and double bass, and music for solo instrumnents. With keyboard, he composed works for piano solo, piano four hands, two pianos, a quintet
Quintet
A quintet is a group containing five members.It is commonly associated with musical groups, such as a string quintet, or a group of five singers, but can be applied to any situation where five similar or related objects are considered a single unit....

 for flute, oboe, violin, bassoon and harpsichord (1958), Konzertante Sonate für 17 Soloinstrumente, a sonata concertante for 17 solo instruments (1959), Dialoge für Klavier, Violine und Violoncello (dialogues for piano trio
Piano trio
A piano trio is a group of piano and two other instruments, usually a violin and a cello, or a piece of music written for such a group. It is one of the most common forms found in classical chamber music...

, 1960), and works with piano for solo instruments cello, violin and oboe.

Vogt's music was published by Breitkopf & Härtel
Breitkopf & Härtel
Breitkopf & Härtel is the world's oldest music publishing house. The firm was founded in 1719 in Leipzig by Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf . The catalogue currently contains over 1000 composers, 8000 works and 15,000 music editions or books on music. The name "Härtel" was added when Gottfried...

, Bärenreiter
Bärenreiter
Bärenreiter is a German classical music publishing house based in Kassel. The firm was founded by Karl Vötterle in Augsburg in 1923, and moved to Kassel in 1927, where it still maintains headquarters; it also has offices in Basel, London, New York and Prague...

, and Bote & Bock. He also published books, Neue Musik seit 1945 (New Music since 1945), ISBN 3-15-010203-0, and Johann Sebastian Bachs Kammermusik: Voraussetzungen, Analysen, Einzelwerke (Johann Sebastian Bach's chamber Music: background, analysis, works), Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-15-010298-7. The latter was translated to English and published in Portland, Oregon
Portland, Oregon
Portland is a city located in the Pacific Northwest, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 583,776, making it the 29th most populous city in the United States...

, in 1988, ISBN 0-931340-04-7, and to Spanish, published in Barcelona
Barcelona
Barcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...

 in 1993, ISBN 84-335-7880-4.

Vogt died in Metterich
Metterich
Metterich is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany....

 in 1992.

Opera

  • Die Stadt hinter dem Strom
    Die Stadt hinter dem Strom (opera)
    Die Stadt hinter dem Strom is an oratorio-opera in three acts composed by Hans Vogt to a libretto by Hermann Kasack based on his 1947 dystopian novel Die Stadt hinter dem Strom.-Background and performance history:...

    , Oratorische Oper (oratorio opera) in 3 acts, text by Hermann Kasack after his novel, Bärenreiter
    Bärenreiter
    Bärenreiter is a German classical music publishing house based in Kassel. The firm was founded by Karl Vötterle in Augsburg in 1923, and moved to Kassel in 1927, where it still maintains headquarters; it also has offices in Basel, London, New York and Prague...

    /Alkor, 1952 radio version, revised stage version 1955
  • Athenerkomödie (The Metropolitans), Opera giocosa in one act, text after a fragment of Menander by Christopher Middleton
    Christopher Middleton
    Christopher Middleton may refer to:*Christopher Middleton , English translator and poet*Christopher Middleton , British poet*Christopher Middleton , Royal Navy officer and navigator...

    , in German by Erich Fried and Hans Vogt, Bärenreiter/Alkor, 1962, revised version 1987

Orchestra

  • Konzert für mehrchöriges Orchester, concerto for orchetra in several choirs, Bärenreiter/Alkor, 1950
  • Konzert für Klavier und Orchester, piano concerto, Bärenreiter/Alkor, 1955
  • Konzert für Orchester, Bärenreiter/Alkor, 1960
  • Strophen (Stanzas), orchestral and vocal on an ode
    Ode
    Ode is a type of lyrical verse. A classic ode is structured in three major parts: the strophe, the antistrophe, and the epode. Different forms such as the homostrophic ode and the irregular ode also exist...

     of Horace
    Horace
    Quintus Horatius Flaccus , known in the English-speaking world as Horace, was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus.-Life:...

    , its composition by Petrus Tritonius (1507) and its German poetry by Eduard Mörike
    Eduard Mörike
    Eduard Friedrich Mörike was a German Romantic poet.-Biography:Mörike was born in Ludwigsburg. His father was Karl Friedrich Mörike , a district medical councilor; his mother was Charlotte Bayer...

     for baritone and orchestra, Bärenreiter/Alkor, 1975
  • Konzert für Violine und Orchester, violin concerto, Bote & Bock, 1981
  • Konzert für Violoncello und Orchester, cello concerto, Bote & Bock, 1981
  • Dona nobis pacem, simphony in one movement, Bote & Bock, 1984
  • Apreslude, music for large orchestra, mezzo-soprano ad lib, in three movements after a poem of Gottfried Benn
    Gottfried Benn
    Gottfried Benn was a German essayist, novelist, and expressionist poet. A doctor of medicine, he became an early admirer, and later a critic, of the National Socialist revolution...

    , Bote & Bock, 1988

Sacred music

  • De profundis clamavi ad te, Domine, Psalm 129 für gemischten Chor a capella, Bärenreiter, 1951
  • Historie der Verkündung, chamber oratorio for three female voices, mixed choir and 13 instruments, Bärenreiter, 1955
  • Ihr Töchter von Jerusalem, weinet nicht über mich, Passion music for tenor, mixed choir and percussion, Bärenreiter, 1963
  • Magnificat for soprano, mixed choir and orchestra, Bärenreiter/Alkor, 1966
  • Requiem for soprano and bass, mixed choir and percussion, Breitkopf & Härtel
    Breitkopf & Härtel
    Breitkopf & Härtel is the world's oldest music publishing house. The firm was founded in 1719 in Leipzig by Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf . The catalogue currently contains over 1000 composers, 8000 works and 15,000 music editions or books on music. The name "Härtel" was added when Gottfried...

    , 1969
  • Canticum Simeonis for mixed choir and flute, Bärenreiter, 1976
  • Historie vom Propheten Jona, chamber oratorio, after the Old Testament
    Old Testament
    The Old Testament, of which Christians hold different views, is a Christian term for the religious writings of ancient Israel held sacred and inspired by Christians which overlaps with the 24-book canon of the Masoretic Text of Judaism...

     and texts of Hilde Domin
    Hilde Domin
    Hilde Domin , whose real name was Hilde Palm , was a German lyric poet and writer. She was amongst the most important German-language poets of her time.-Biography:...

    for alto, tenor and 6 instruments, Bärenreiter, 1979
  • Drei geistliche Gesänge after Baroque poetry for baritone ans organ, Bärenreiter, 1981/83

Sources

  • Fred K. Prieberg: Handbuch Deutsche Musiker 1933–1945, CD-Rom-Lexikon, Kiel 2004, p. 7.389–7.390
  • Ernst Klee: Das Kulturlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 632

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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