Hard money (policy)
Encyclopedia
Hard money policies are those which are opposed to fiat currency and thus in support of a specie
standard, usually gold
or silver
, typically implemented with representative money
.
In 1836, when President Andrew Jackson
's veto of the recharter of the Second Bank of the United States
took effect, he issued the Specie Circular
, an Executive order that all public lands had to be purchased with hard money.
Bullion coin
A bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment, rather than used in day-to-day commerce. Investment coins are generally coins that have been minted after 1800, have a purity of not less than 900 thousandths and are or have been a legal tender in...
standard, usually gold
Gold standard
The gold standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is a fixed mass of gold. There are distinct kinds of gold standard...
or silver
Silver standard
The silver standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is a fixed weight of silver. The silver specie standard was widespread from the fall of the Byzantine Empire until the 19th century...
, typically implemented with representative money
Representative money
The term representative money has been used variously to mean:*a claim on a commodity, for example gold certificates or silver certificates. In this sense it may be called 'commodity-backed money'....
.
In 1836, when President Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States . Based in frontier Tennessee, Jackson was a politician and army general who defeated the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend , and the British at the Battle of New Orleans...
's veto of the recharter of the Second Bank of the United States
Second Bank of the United States
The Second Bank of the United States was chartered in 1816, five years after the First Bank of the United States lost its own charter. The Second Bank of the United States was initially headquartered in Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, the same as the First Bank, and had branches throughout the...
took effect, he issued the Specie Circular
Specie Circular
The Specie Circular was an executive order issued by U.S. President Andrew Jackson in 1836 and carried out by President Martin Van Buren. It required payment for government land to be in gold and silver.-History:...
, an Executive order that all public lands had to be purchased with hard money.
See also
- Bullion coinBullion coinA bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment, rather than used in day-to-day commerce. Investment coins are generally coins that have been minted after 1800, have a purity of not less than 900 thousandths and are or have been a legal tender in...
- Digital gold currencyDigital gold currencyDigital gold currency is a form of electronic money based on ounces of gold. It is a kind of representative money, like a US paper gold certificate at the time that these were exchangeable for gold on demand. The typical unit of account for such currency is the gold gram or the troy ounce,...
- Fractional reserve banking
- Gold standardGold standardThe gold standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is a fixed mass of gold. There are distinct kinds of gold standard...
- Hard currencyHard currencyHard currency , in economics, refers to a globally traded currency that is expected to serve as a reliable and stable store of value...
- LibertarianismLibertarianismLibertarianism, in the strictest sense, is the political philosophy that holds individual liberty as the basic moral principle of society. In the broadest sense, it is any political philosophy which approximates this view...