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Haripunchai
Encyclopedia
Hariphunchai(Pali: Haripunjaya) was a Mon
kingdom in the north of present Thailand
in the centuries before the Thais moved into the area. Its capital was at Lamphun
, which at the time was also called Hariphunchai. In 1292 the city was besieged and captured by the Thai
kingdom of Lanna
.
in 661 AD, and the Mon ruler of Lopburi
sent his daughter Jamadevi
to become its first queen. However, this date is now considered as too early, and the actual beginning is placed at around 750 AD. At that time, most of what is now central Thailand was under the rule of various Mon city states, known collectively as the Dvaravati
kingdom. Queen Jamadevi gave birth to twins, the older succeeding her as the ruler of Lamphun, and the younger becoming ruler of neighboring Lampang
.
unsuccessfully besieged Hariphunchai several times during the 11th century. It is not clear if the chronicles describe actual or legendary events, but the other Dvaravati Mon kingdoms did in fact fall to the Khmers at this time. The early 13th century was a golden time for Hariphunchai, as the chronicles talk only about religious activities or constructing buildings, not about wars. Nevertheless, Hariphunchai was besieged in 1292 by the Thai king Mangrai the Great, who incorporated it into his Lannathai
kingdom.
Mon people
The Mon are an ethnic group from Burma , living mostly in Mon State, Bago Division, the Irrawaddy Delta, and along the southern Thai–Burmese border. One of the earliest peoples to reside in Southeast Asia, the Mon were responsible for the spread of Theravada Buddhism in Burma and Thailand...
kingdom in the north of present Thailand
Thailand
Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...
in the centuries before the Thais moved into the area. Its capital was at Lamphun
Lamphun
Lamphun is a town in northern Thailand, capital of Lamphun Province. It covers the whole tambon Nai Mueang of Mueang Lamphun district...
, which at the time was also called Hariphunchai. In 1292 the city was besieged and captured by the Thai
Tai peoples
The Tai ethnicity refers collectively to the ethnic groups of southern China and Southeast Asia, stretching from Hainan to eastern India and from southern Sichuan to Laos, Thailand, and parts of Vietnam, which speak languages in the Tai family and share similar traditions and festivals, including...
kingdom of Lanna
Lanna
The Kingdom of Lanna was a kingdom centered in present-day northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries. The cultural development of the people of Lanna, the Tai Yuan people, had begun long before as successive Tai Yuan kingdoms preceded Lanna...
.
Founding
According to the Camadevivamsa and Jinakalamali chronicles, the city was founded by a hermit named SuthepSuthep
Suthep is a tambon of Mueang Chiang Mai District, in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a total population of 36,952 people. The tambon contains 15 villages....
in 661 AD, and the Mon ruler of Lopburi
Lopburi
Lopburi ) is the capital city of Lopburi Province in Thailand. It is located about 150 km north-east of Bangkok. As of 2006 it has a population of 26,500...
sent his daughter Jamadevi
Jamadevi
Queen Jamadevi , also known as Nang Chamthewi of Hariphunchai, Channa Devi or Channadevi .First ruler of the Mon kingdom of Hariphunchai . She gave birth to twins, one of whom succeeded her as ruler of Lamphun Queen Jamadevi (Thai: พระนางจามเทวี) (Pali: Camadevi), also known as Nang Chamthewi of...
to become its first queen. However, this date is now considered as too early, and the actual beginning is placed at around 750 AD. At that time, most of what is now central Thailand was under the rule of various Mon city states, known collectively as the Dvaravati
Dvaravati
The Dvaravati period lasted from the 6th to the 13th centuries. Dvaravati refers to both a culture and a disparate conglomerate of principalities.- History :...
kingdom. Queen Jamadevi gave birth to twins, the older succeeding her as the ruler of Lamphun, and the younger becoming ruler of neighboring Lampang
Lampang
Lampang, also called Nakhon Lampang to differentiate from Lampang Province, is the third largest town in northern Thailand and capital of Lampang Province and the Lampang district. Traditional names for Lampang include Wiang Lakon and Khelang Nakhon. The city is still growing rapidly as trading...
.
Flourishing and downfall
The chronicles say that the KhmerKhmer Empire
The Khmer Empire was one of the most powerful empires in Southeast Asia. The empire, which grew out of the former kingdom of Chenla, at times ruled over and/or vassalized parts of modern-day Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Burma, and Malaysia. Its greatest legacy is Angkor, the site of the capital city...
unsuccessfully besieged Hariphunchai several times during the 11th century. It is not clear if the chronicles describe actual or legendary events, but the other Dvaravati Mon kingdoms did in fact fall to the Khmers at this time. The early 13th century was a golden time for Hariphunchai, as the chronicles talk only about religious activities or constructing buildings, not about wars. Nevertheless, Hariphunchai was besieged in 1292 by the Thai king Mangrai the Great, who incorporated it into his Lannathai
Lanna
The Kingdom of Lanna was a kingdom centered in present-day northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries. The cultural development of the people of Lanna, the Tai Yuan people, had begun long before as successive Tai Yuan kingdoms preceded Lanna...
kingdom.
List of rulers
Names of monarchs of the Hariphunchai kingdom according to Tamnan Hariphunchai (History of Kingdom of Hariphunchai):- Queen Jamadevi
- Hanayos
- Kumanjaraj
- Rudantra
- Sonamanjusaka
- SamsaraSamsarathumb|right|200px|Traditional Tibetan painting or [[Thanka]] showing the [[wheel of life]] and realms of saṃsāraSaṅsāra or Saṃsāra , , literally meaning "continuous flow", is the cycle of birth, life, death, rebirth or reincarnation within Hinduism, Buddhism, Bön, Jainism, Sikhism, and other...
- Padumaraj
- Kusadeva
- Nokaraj
- Dasaraj
- GuttaGuttaA gutta is a small water-repelling, cone-shaped projection used in the architrave of the Doric order in classical architecture. At the top of the architrave blocks, a row of six guttae below the narrow projection of the taenia and cymatium formed an element called a regula...
- Sera
- Yuvaraj
- Brahmtarayo
- Muksa
- Traphaka
- Uchitajakraphad king of Lavo
- Kampol
- Jakaphadiraj, King of Atikuyaburi
- Vasudev
- Yeyyala
- Maharaj, King of Lampang
- Sela
- Kanjana
- Chilanka
- Phunthula
- DittaDittaDitta is a genus of plants, under the family Euphorbiaceae. It seems to comprise 2 species....
- Chettharaj
- Jeyakaraj
- Phatijjaraj
- Thamikaraj
- Ratharaj
- Saphasith
- Chettharaj
- Jeyakaraj
- Datvanyaraj
- Ganga
- Siribun
- Uthen
- Phanton
- Atana
- Havam
- Trangal
- YottaYottaYotta is the largest unit prefix in the International System of Units denoting a factor of 1024 or . It has the unit symbol Y.The prefix name is derived from the Greek , meaning eight, because it is equal to 10008...
- Yip