Heinrich Kuhl
Encyclopedia
Heinrich Kuhl was a German
naturalist
and zoologist.
Kuhl was born in Hanau
. He became assistant to Coenraad Jacob Temminck
at the Leiden museum
. In 1817 he published a monograph on bat
s and in 1819 he published Conspectus psittacorum. He also published the first monograph on the petrel
s, and a list of all the birds illustrated in Daubenton's
Planches Enluminees and Beiträge zur Zoologie und vergleichenden Anatomie in English Contributions to Zoology and Comparative Anatomy (Frankfurt am Main, 1820).
In 1820 he travelled to Java, then part of the colonial Netherlands East Indies, with his friend Johan Coenraad van Hasselt
(1797–1823) to study the animals of the island, sending back to the museum at Leiden 200 skeletons, 200 mammal
skins of 65 species, 2000 bird
skins, 1400 fish
, 300 reptile
s and amphibians, and many insect
s and crustacean
s.
In 1821 he died in Buitenzorg (now Bogor
) of a liver infection brought on by the climate and overexertion. He had been less than a year in Java. Johan van Hasselt continued his work collecting specimens, but died two years later.
Several species
named to commemorate his work as naturalist
and zoologist:
Fishes
Herpetofaunas
Birds
Mammals
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
naturalist
Naturalist
Naturalist may refer to:* Practitioner of natural history* Conservationist* Advocate of naturalism * Naturalist , autobiography-See also:* The American Naturalist, periodical* Naturalism...
and zoologist.
Kuhl was born in Hanau
Hanau
Hanau is a town in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. It is located 25 km east of Frankfurt am Main. Its station is a major railway junction.- Geography :...
. He became assistant to Coenraad Jacob Temminck
Coenraad Jacob Temminck
Coenraad Jacob Temminck was a Dutch aristocrat and zoologist.Temminck was the first director of the National Natural History Museum at Leiden from 1820 until his death. His Manuel d'ornithologie, ou Tableau systematique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe was the standard work on European birds...
at the Leiden museum
Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie
The Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie was a museum in Leiden, The Netherlands. It was founded in 1820 by Royal Decree, formed from a merger of several existing collections. This happened at the instigation of Coenraad Jacob Temminck, who saw the museum primarily as a research institute...
. In 1817 he published a monograph on bat
Bat
Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera "hand" and pteron "wing") whose forelimbs form webbed wings, making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight. By contrast, other mammals said to fly, such as flying squirrels, gliding possums, and colugos, glide rather than fly,...
s and in 1819 he published Conspectus psittacorum. He also published the first monograph on the petrel
Petrel
Petrels are tube-nosed seabirds in the bird order Procellariiformes. The common name does not indicate relationship beyond that point, as "petrels" occur in three of the four families within that group...
s, and a list of all the birds illustrated in Daubenton's
Edmé-Louis Daubenton
Edmé-Louis Daubenton was a French naturalist.Edmé-Louis Daubenton's tombstone is in the church of Saint-Pierre in Avon. It was Buffon who engaged this cousin of Louis Jean-Marie Daubenton, Edmé-Louis, to supervise the colored illustrations for the Histoire naturelle...
Planches Enluminees and Beiträge zur Zoologie und vergleichenden Anatomie in English Contributions to Zoology and Comparative Anatomy (Frankfurt am Main, 1820).
In 1820 he travelled to Java, then part of the colonial Netherlands East Indies, with his friend Johan Coenraad van Hasselt
Johan Coenraad van Hasselt
Johan Coenraad van Hasselt was a Dutch physician, zoologist, botanist and mycologist.Coenraad van Hasselt studied medicine at the University of Groningen....
(1797–1823) to study the animals of the island, sending back to the museum at Leiden 200 skeletons, 200 mammal
Mammal
Mammals are members of a class of air-breathing vertebrate animals characterised by the possession of endothermy, hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands functional in mothers with young...
skins of 65 species, 2000 bird
Bird
Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...
skins, 1400 fish
Fish
Fish are a paraphyletic group of organisms that consist of all gill-bearing aquatic vertebrate animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish, as well as various extinct related groups...
, 300 reptile
Reptile
Reptiles are members of a class of air-breathing, ectothermic vertebrates which are characterized by laying shelled eggs , and having skin covered in scales and/or scutes. They are tetrapods, either having four limbs or being descended from four-limbed ancestors...
s and amphibians, and many insect
Insect
Insects are a class of living creatures within the arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body , three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae...
s and crustacean
Crustacean
Crustaceans form a very large group of arthropods, usually treated as a subphylum, which includes such familiar animals as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill and barnacles. The 50,000 described species range in size from Stygotantulus stocki at , to the Japanese spider crab with a leg span...
s.
In 1821 he died in Buitenzorg (now Bogor
Bogor
Bogor is a city on the island of Java in the West Java province of Indonesia. The city is located in the center of the Bogor Regency , 60 kilometers south of the Indonesian capital Jakarta...
) of a liver infection brought on by the climate and overexertion. He had been less than a year in Java. Johan van Hasselt continued his work collecting specimens, but died two years later.
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
named to commemorate his work as naturalist
Naturalist
Naturalist may refer to:* Practitioner of natural history* Conservationist* Advocate of naturalism * Naturalist , autobiography-See also:* The American Naturalist, periodical* Naturalism...
and zoologist:
Fishes
- Bluespotted stingray or Kuhl's stingray, Neotrygon kuhlii
- Kuhl's loach or kuhli loach, Pangio kuhlii
- Kuhlia, a genusGenusIn biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of marineMarine (ocean)Marine is an umbrella term. As an adjective it is usually applicable to things relating to the sea or ocean, such as marine biology, marine ecology and marine geology...
fishFishFish are a paraphyletic group of organisms that consist of all gill-bearing aquatic vertebrate animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish, as well as various extinct related groups...
, flagtailFlagtailThe flagtails are a family of perciform fish of the Indo-Pacific area. The family consists of several species in one genus, Kuhlia, of which, one, , is freshwater...
Herpetofaunas
- Kuhl's Creek Frog or Large-headed Frog, Limnonectes kuhlii found in Southeast AsiaSoutheast AsiaSoutheast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...
- Kuhl's Flying Gecko, Ptychozoon kuhliPtychozoon kuhliKuhl's Flying Gecko is a species of gecko which has adaptations to its skin, including flaps on either side of its body, webbed feet, and a flattened tail to allow it to glide over short distances. These geckos have a remarkable camouflage. The flaps of skin along their sides help them blend...
geckoGeckoGeckos are lizards belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, found in warm climates throughout the world. They range from 1.6 cm to 60 cm....
found in Southeast AsiaSoutheast AsiaSoutheast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...
Birds
- Rimatara Lorikeet or Kuhl's Lorikeet, Vini kuhlii lorikeetLorikeetLories and lorikeets are small to medium-sized arboreal parrots characterized by their specialized brush-tipped tongues for feeding on nectar of various blossoms and soft fruits, preferably berries. The species form a monophyletic group within the parrot family Psittacidae...
in islands of the South PacificOceaniaOceania is a region centered on the islands of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Conceptions of what constitutes Oceania range from the coral atolls and volcanic islands of the South Pacific to the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas, including Australasia and the Malay Archipelago...
Mammals
- Kuhl's Pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii; batBatBats are mammals of the order Chiroptera "hand" and pteron "wing") whose forelimbs form webbed wings, making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight. By contrast, other mammals said to fly, such as flying squirrels, gliding possums, and colugos, glide rather than fly,...
- Bawean deer, Axis kuhlii
External links
- BHL Text of Beiträge zur Zoologie und vergleichenden Anatomie