Henri Coanda International Airport
Encyclopedia
Henri Coandă International Airport is Romania
's busiest international airport
, located 16.5 km (10.3 mi) northwest of the city of Bucharest
, within Otopeni
city limits. One of two airports serving the Romanian capital, the other being Băneasa
, it is named after Romanian flight pioneer Henri Coandă
, builder of Coandă-1910
aircraft and discoverer of the Coanda effect
of fluidics. Until May 2004, the official name was Bucharest Otopeni International Airport (Romanian
: Aeroportul Internaţional Bucureşti Otopeni), which remains the name by which it is generally known. The military section of the airport is currently used by the 90th Airlift Flotilla
of the Romanian Air Force
. The airport is managed by The National Company "Bucharest Airports" S.A. (Compania Naţională Aeroporturi Bucureşti S.A.).
During World War II
, the airport in Otopeni was used as an airbase by the German air force
. Up to 1965, it was restricted for military use, and was one of the major bases of the Romanian Air Force
, with a runway of 1200m. Before 1965, Băneasa Airport was the only airport that Bucharest used for commercial flights. However, with the growth of air traffic, a new commercial airport was constructed in the settlement of Otopeni, where the military air base used to be. The existing runway was modernised, extended up to 3500 m, making it one of the longest in Europe at that time (1965). Also, a new passenger terminal was constructed for domestic and international flights.
In the late 1960s, when President Nixon
of the United States
visited Romania, a new VIP lounge was created, and on 13 April 1970, the passenger
terminal was updated to have a capacity of 1,200,000 passengers per year. The airport slowly became more and more used by airlines, with a growing number of passengers, and in 1986, it entered a new phase of development. A second 3500-metre runway was constructed, as well as related taxiways. The airport lighting system was improved and the capacity was increased to 35-40 airport movements per hour.
In 1992, Otopeni Airport became a regular member of Airports Council International
(ACI). In the same year a long-term, multi-stage upgrade plan was devised, anticipating a sharp increase in traffic as traveling restrictions to and from Romania were lifted.
The first stage of the plan (Phase I), taking place between 1994 and 1998, involved the construction a new departures terminal and of a new airside
concourse
with 5 jetways and 9 gates (referred to as 'the Finger') as well as the extension of various airport ramp
s and of their associated taxiway
s.
The second phase (labeled Phase II/IIe) of the plan led to the construction of a terminal dedicated to domestic flights and of a multi-story car park (2003), the complete overhaul of the control tower
(between 2005-2007) as well as the transformation of the old terminal building in a dedicated arrivals hall (in 2000). During the same phase, two new high-speed taxiways (Oscar and Victor) were constructed. Phase II was completed in 2007.
The third stage of the plan (Phase III), started in 2009, involves the extension of the airside concourse ('the Finger') to 24 gates and 14 jetways, as well as the expansion of Departure Hall and Arrivals Hall in order to raise the capacity of the airport to 6 million passengers yearly. The airside concourse was inaugurated on 29 March 2011.
The airport has ILS CAT III B
status on runways 08R and 08L.
Beyond Phase III, a new terminal building (Henri Coandă 2), located at the Eastern end of the current location is envisaged. Henri Coandă 2 will be of a modular design, consisting of 4 separate buildings, each capable of individually handling 5 million passengers annually. Each module will be built as traffic demands will dictate. Thus, by 2023, Terminal 2 alone should be able to handle the 20 million passengers per year indicated by estimates. The terminal will be connected to the future A3 Bucharest
- Braşov
motorway, to the railway system
and to the Bucharest Metro
system as Bucharest Metro Line M7.
with two main buildings (occasionally considered to be separate terminals). These two buildings are the Departures Hall (formerly known as International Departures Hall) and the Arrivals Hall (formerly known as International Arrivals/Domestic Hall). The airline TAROM
has its head office on the second floor of the Departures Hall. A walkway with several shops connects the buildings.
The airport has one concourse (the so-called finger terminal) with 24 gates (of which 14 equipped with jetways) and passengers transit organized in two separate, Schengen/non-Schengen, flows.
Airlines distribute Romanian- and English-language newspapers at the departure gates.
in the airport is Globeground, the second being Menzies. The catering services are provided by Alpha Rocas http://alpha-rocas.ro.
, runs from the Airport train station, about 900 m from the airport. Shuttle buses connect this train station with the departures and arrivals halls and the tickets are valid both for the train and for the transfer bus.
The next phase of the airport's expansion aims to locate the train station in the airport itself.
route provides express bus service to Gara de Nord
railway station in Bucharest and the 783
route provides express bus service to the city center.
, to which it is connected by route DN1
. The A3 motorway will connect the airport and the city, when finished.
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
's busiest international airport
International airport
An international airport is any airport that can accommodate flights from other countries and are typically equipped with customs and immigration facilities to handle these flights to and from other countries...
, located 16.5 km (10.3 mi) northwest of the city of Bucharest
Bucharest
Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
, within Otopeni
Otopeni
Otopeni is a town in Ilfov County, Romania, some north of Bucharest along the road to Ploieşti. It has 10,215 inhabitants, of which 99.0% are Romanians. One village, Odăile, is administered by the town....
city limits. One of two airports serving the Romanian capital, the other being Băneasa
Aurel Vlaicu International Airport
-Terminated destinations:-See also:*Aviation in Romania*Transport in Romania*Blue Air-External links:**...
, it is named after Romanian flight pioneer Henri Coandă
Henri Coanda
Henri Marie Coandă was a Romanian inventor, aerodynamics pioneer and builder of an experimental aircraft, the Coandă-1910 described by Coandă in the mid-1950s as the world's first jet, a controversial claim disputed by some and supported by others...
, builder of Coandă-1910
Coanda-1910
The Coandă-1910, designed by Romanian inventor Henri Coandă, was the first full-size attempt at a jet aircraft. Built as a sesquiplane, it featured an experimental aircraft engine which Coandă called the "turbo-propulseur," a centrifugal compressor propulsion system with a multi-bladed rotary fan...
aircraft and discoverer of the Coanda effect
Coanda effect
The Coandă effect is the tendency of a fluid jet to be attracted to a nearby surface. The principle was named after Romanian aerodynamics pioneer Henri Coandă, who was the first to recognize the practical application of the phenomenon in aircraft development....
of fluidics. Until May 2004, the official name was Bucharest Otopeni International Airport (Romanian
Romanian language
Romanian Romanian Romanian (or Daco-Romanian; obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; self-designation: română, limba română ("the Romanian language") or românește (lit. "in Romanian") is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova...
: Aeroportul Internaţional Bucureşti Otopeni), which remains the name by which it is generally known. The military section of the airport is currently used by the 90th Airlift Flotilla
RoAF 90th Airlift Base
The Romanian Air Force 90th Airlift Base is located at the Henri Coandă International Airport, near Bucharest. In 1949, the 49th Transport Group was the first unit to be settled at Otopeni airfield. Later, in 1971, a special squadron was commissioned here and after few years this squadron became...
of the Romanian Air Force
Romanian Air Force
The Romanian Air Force is the air force branch of the Romanian Armed Forces. It has an air force headquarters, an operational command, four air bases and an air defense brigade...
. The airport is managed by The National Company "Bucharest Airports" S.A. (Compania Naţională Aeroporturi Bucureşti S.A.).
History
During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the airport in Otopeni was used as an airbase by the German air force
Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe is a generic German term for an air force. It is also the official name for two of the four historic German air forces, the Wehrmacht air arm founded in 1935 and disbanded in 1946; and the current Bundeswehr air arm founded in 1956....
. Up to 1965, it was restricted for military use, and was one of the major bases of the Romanian Air Force
Romanian Air Force
The Romanian Air Force is the air force branch of the Romanian Armed Forces. It has an air force headquarters, an operational command, four air bases and an air defense brigade...
, with a runway of 1200m. Before 1965, Băneasa Airport was the only airport that Bucharest used for commercial flights. However, with the growth of air traffic, a new commercial airport was constructed in the settlement of Otopeni, where the military air base used to be. The existing runway was modernised, extended up to 3500 m, making it one of the longest in Europe at that time (1965). Also, a new passenger terminal was constructed for domestic and international flights.
In the late 1960s, when President Nixon
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. The only president to resign the office, Nixon had previously served as a US representative and senator from California and as the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961 under...
of the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
visited Romania, a new VIP lounge was created, and on 13 April 1970, the passenger
Passenger
A passenger is a term broadly used to describe any person who travels in a vehicle, but bears little or no responsibility for the tasks required for that vehicle to arrive at its destination....
terminal was updated to have a capacity of 1,200,000 passengers per year. The airport slowly became more and more used by airlines, with a growing number of passengers, and in 1986, it entered a new phase of development. A second 3500-metre runway was constructed, as well as related taxiways. The airport lighting system was improved and the capacity was increased to 35-40 airport movements per hour.
In 1992, Otopeni Airport became a regular member of Airports Council International
Airports Council International
Airports Council International is the association of the world’s airports. It is a non profit organization, whose prime purpose is to advance the interests of airports and to promote professional excellence in airport management and operations...
(ACI). In the same year a long-term, multi-stage upgrade plan was devised, anticipating a sharp increase in traffic as traveling restrictions to and from Romania were lifted.
The first stage of the plan (Phase I), taking place between 1994 and 1998, involved the construction a new departures terminal and of a new airside
Airside
Airside was founded in 1998 by Alex Maclean, Nat Hunter and Fred Deakin , Airside's unique approach has won many awards including recognition from D&AD, BAFTA and Design Week.Co-founder Fred Deakin is one half of ambient/electronica music duo Lemon Jelly...
concourse
Concourse
A concourse is a place where pathways or roads meet, such as in a hotel, a convention center, a railway station, an airport terminal, a hall, or other space.-Examples:Examples of concourses include:* Meeting halls* Universities* Railway stations...
with 5 jetways and 9 gates (referred to as 'the Finger') as well as the extension of various airport ramp
Airport ramp
The airport ramp or apron is part of an airport. It is usually the area where aircraft are parked, unloaded or loaded, refueled or boarded. Although the use of the apron is covered by regulations, such as lighting on vehicles, it is typically more accessible to users than the runway or taxiway...
s and of their associated taxiway
Taxiway
A taxiway is a path on an airport connecting runways with ramps, hangars, terminals and other facilities. They mostly have hard surface such as asphalt or concrete, although smaller airports sometimes use gravel or grass....
s.
The second phase (labeled Phase II/IIe) of the plan led to the construction of a terminal dedicated to domestic flights and of a multi-story car park (2003), the complete overhaul of the control tower
Control tower
A control tower, or more specifically an Air Traffic Control Tower , is the name of the airport building from which the air traffic control unit controls the movement of aircraft on and around the airport. Control towers are also used to control the traffic for other forms of transportation such...
(between 2005-2007) as well as the transformation of the old terminal building in a dedicated arrivals hall (in 2000). During the same phase, two new high-speed taxiways (Oscar and Victor) were constructed. Phase II was completed in 2007.
The third stage of the plan (Phase III), started in 2009, involves the extension of the airside concourse ('the Finger') to 24 gates and 14 jetways, as well as the expansion of Departure Hall and Arrivals Hall in order to raise the capacity of the airport to 6 million passengers yearly. The airside concourse was inaugurated on 29 March 2011.
The airport has ILS CAT III B
Instrument Landing System
An instrument landing system is a ground-based instrument approach system that provides precision guidance to an aircraft approaching and landing on a runway, using a combination of radio signals and, in many cases, high-intensity lighting arrays to enable a safe landing during instrument...
status on runways 08R and 08L.
Current and future development
The airport is currently undertaking Phase III of its development program, a €150 million investment, which consist of the expansion of Departure Hall, Arrivals Hall and the concourse. At the end of this phase (2012), the terminal will have a processing capacity of 4,500 passengers per hour. Thus the airport's capacity is expected to raise to a total of 6 mil. passengers annually on both domestic and international routes.Beyond Phase III, a new terminal building (Henri Coandă 2), located at the Eastern end of the current location is envisaged. Henri Coandă 2 will be of a modular design, consisting of 4 separate buildings, each capable of individually handling 5 million passengers annually. Each module will be built as traffic demands will dictate. Thus, by 2023, Terminal 2 alone should be able to handle the 20 million passengers per year indicated by estimates. The terminal will be connected to the future A3 Bucharest
Bucharest
Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
- Braşov
Brasov
Brașov is a city in Romania and the capital of Brașov County.According to the last Romanian census, from 2002, there were 284,596 people living within the city of Brașov, making it the 8th most populated city in Romania....
motorway, to the railway system
Caile Ferate Române
Căile Ferate Române is the official designation of the state railway carrier of Romania. Romania has a railway network of of which are electrified and the total track length is . The network is significantly interconnected with other European railway networks, providing pan-European passenger...
and to the Bucharest Metro
Bucharest Metro
The Bucharest Metro is an underground urban railway network that serves the capital of Romania, Bucharest. The network is run by Metrorex. It is one of the most accessed systems of the Bucharest public transport network with a ridership of 177.23 million passengers in 2010...
system as Bucharest Metro Line M7.
Terminals, airlines and destinations
The airport's facilities consist of a single terminalAirport terminal
An airport terminal is a building at an airport where passengers transfer between ground transportation and the facilities that allow them to board and disembark from aircraft....
with two main buildings (occasionally considered to be separate terminals). These two buildings are the Departures Hall (formerly known as International Departures Hall) and the Arrivals Hall (formerly known as International Arrivals/Domestic Hall). The airline TAROM
TAROM
S.C. Compania Națională de Transporturi Aeriene Române TAROM S.A., doing business as TAROM Romanian Air Transport, is the flag carrier and oldest currently operating airline of Romania. The brand name is an acronym for...
has its head office on the second floor of the Departures Hall. A walkway with several shops connects the buildings.
The airport has one concourse (the so-called finger terminal) with 24 gates (of which 14 equipped with jetways) and passengers transit organized in two separate, Schengen/non-Schengen, flows.
Airlines and destinations
Cargo airlines
Services
Services for passengers
The International Departure area hosts a variety of shops, cafes, lounges, Internet cafes and many more. There is also a chapel at the first level of the International Departures Hall. The facilities inside the airport are easily accessible for the persons with disabilities.Airlines distribute Romanian- and English-language newspapers at the departure gates.
Ancillary services
The main handling agentAircraft ground handling
In aviation, aircraft ground handling defines the servicing of an aircraft while it is on the ground and parked at a terminal gate of an airport.-Overview:...
in the airport is Globeground, the second being Menzies. The catering services are provided by Alpha Rocas http://alpha-rocas.ro.
Traffic and statistics
In 2010, Henri Coandă International received 4,917,952 passengers, an increase of 9.7% compared to 2009. Together, both Bucharest's airports handled over 7 mil passengers in 2010.| Year | Passengers (total) | Passengers (domestic flights) | Aircraft movements | Cargo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 3,031,719 | 53,350 | 16,887 tonnes | |
| 2006 | 3,513,576 | 58,053 | 18,089 tonnes | |
| 2007 | 4,978,587 | 410,916 | 70,588 | 17,423 tonnes |
| 2008 | 5,064,230 | 497,208 | 71,137 | |
| 2009 | 4,483,661 | 496,391 | 72,697 | |
| 2010 | 4,917,952 | 76,966 | ||
| City | Airport(s) | Weekly Departures (April 2011) |
Airlines |
|---|---|---|---|
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Budapest Airport | |
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Madrid-Barajas Airport | |
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Ground transportation
Train
A direct train service to the main railway station, Gara de NordGara de Nord
București Gara de Nord is the main railway station in Bucharest and the largest railway station in Romania...
, runs from the Airport train station, about 900 m from the airport. Shuttle buses connect this train station with the departures and arrivals halls and the tickets are valid both for the train and for the transfer bus.
The next phase of the airport's expansion aims to locate the train station in the airport itself.
Bus
Henri Coandă Airport is connected to the public transport company RATB system. The 780RATB route 780
Route 780 is an express bus route in Bucharest, Romania, run by RATB and inaugurated in January 2009. It provides a connection between Henri Coandă International Airport and Aurel Vlaicu International Airport , the two main airports serving Bucharest, and also Gara de Nord, the city's biggest...
route provides express bus service to Gara de Nord
Gara de Nord
București Gara de Nord is the main railway station in Bucharest and the largest railway station in Romania...
railway station in Bucharest and the 783
RATB route 783
Route 783 is an express bus route in Bucharest, Romania, run by RATB. It provides a connection between Henri Coandă International Airport and Aurel Vlaicu International Airport , the two main airports serving Bucharest, and Piaţa Unirii, one of the city's main squares and transport interchanges...
route provides express bus service to the city center.
Taxi
Henri Coandă Airport has pick-up locations for taxis. Taxis are licensed by the Department of Transportation but taxis licensed in Bucharest can also deliver to Henri Coandă Airport.Car
The airport is 16.5 km (10.3 mi) north of central BucharestBucharest
Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
, to which it is connected by route DN1
DN1
DN1 is an important national road in Romania which links Bucharest with the northwestern part of the country...
. The A3 motorway will connect the airport and the city, when finished.
Underground
Plans for a new subway line connecting Henri Coanda airport to the city center have been made. Construction of the new line is due to start in 2011.In popular culture
- Season 14The Amazing Race 14The Amazing Race 14 is the fourteenth installment of the reality television show The Amazing Race. The Amazing Race 14 featured 11 teams of two, with a pre-existing relationship, in a race around the world....
of The Amazing RaceThe Amazing RaceThe Amazing Race is a reality television game show in which teams of two people, who have some form of a preexisting personal relationship, race around the world in competition with other teams...
was filmed here during the first portion of the third leg. All of the nine teams present arrived at the airport on three separate flights before they completed the rest of the leg.
See also
- Aviation in RomaniaAviation in RomaniaRomania has a rich tradition in the aviation field. At the beginning of the 20th century, flight pioneers like Aurel Vlaicu, Traian Vuia and George Valentin Bibescu brought important contributions to early aviation history, building revolutionary aeroplanes and changing the age's mentalities.In the...
- Transportation in Romania
- List of the busiest airports in Europe by passenger traffic