Henry Vaughan (Architect)
Encyclopedia
Henry Vaughan a prolific and talented church architect
, came to America to bring the English Gothic style to the American branch of the Anglican Communion
(The Episcopal Church). He was an apprentice under George Frederick Bodley
and went on to great success popularizing the Gothic Revival style.
, England. When he was a child, his family relocated to Dollar in Clackmannanshire
, Scotland
. He attended Dollar Academy, and was awarded a bronze medal in art from the school in 1863. He then began his apprenticeship under Bodley, eventually becoming head draftsman
at the firm of Bodley and Garner.
In 1881, Vaughan came to America, settling in Boston
and opening an office in Pemberton Square
. He married Mary Shellow a few years later and they had ten children together. He rapidly found success with the Anglican (Episcopal) and Catholic
churches. His first commission in the USA was the Chapel of the Society of Saint Margaret.
In the mid-1880s, Vaughan began to receive commissions from Edward Francis Searles
, working on numerous projects continuing through until Vaughn's death.
Vaughn died in 1917 in the Boston suburb of Newton Centre
, and was interred at the Washington National Cathedral
.
Notable Vaughan projects include
Collaborations with Searles include
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
, came to America to bring the English Gothic style to the American branch of the Anglican Communion
Anglican Communion
The Anglican Communion is an international association of national and regional Anglican churches in full communion with the Church of England and specifically with its principal primate, the Archbishop of Canterbury...
(The Episcopal Church). He was an apprentice under George Frederick Bodley
George Frederick Bodley
George Frederick Bodley was an English architect working in the Gothic revival style.-Personal life:Bodley was the youngest son of William Hulme Bodley, M.D. of Edinburgh, physician at Hull Royal Infirmary, Kingston upon Hull, who in 1838 retired to his wife's home town, Brighton, Sussex, England....
and went on to great success popularizing the Gothic Revival style.
Life
Vaughan was born in CheshireCheshire
Cheshire is a ceremonial county in North West England. Cheshire's county town is the city of Chester, although its largest town is Warrington. Other major towns include Widnes, Congleton, Crewe, Ellesmere Port, Runcorn, Macclesfield, Winsford, Northwich, and Wilmslow...
, England. When he was a child, his family relocated to Dollar in Clackmannanshire
Dollar, Clackmannanshire
Dollar is a small town in Clackmannanshire, Scotland. It is one of the Hillfoots Villages, situated between the Ochil Hills range to the north and the River Devon to the south. Dollar is on the A91 road, which runs from Stirling to St. Andrews. The town is around 3 miles east of Tillicoultry...
, Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
. He attended Dollar Academy, and was awarded a bronze medal in art from the school in 1863. He then began his apprenticeship under Bodley, eventually becoming head draftsman
Technical drawing
Technical drawing, also known as drafting or draughting, is the act and discipline of composing plans that visually communicate how something functions or has to be constructed.Drafting is the language of industry....
at the firm of Bodley and Garner.
In 1881, Vaughan came to America, settling in Boston
Boston
Boston is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper had...
and opening an office in Pemberton Square
Pemberton Square (Boston)
Pemberton Square in the Government Center area of Boston, Massachusetts, was developed by P.T. Jackson in 1835 as an architecturally uniform mixed-use enclave surrounding a small park. In the mid-19th century both private residences and businesses dwelt there...
. He married Mary Shellow a few years later and they had ten children together. He rapidly found success with the Anglican (Episcopal) and Catholic
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
churches. His first commission in the USA was the Chapel of the Society of Saint Margaret.
In the mid-1880s, Vaughan began to receive commissions from Edward Francis Searles
Edward Francis Searles
Edward Francis Searles was an interior and architectural designer.-Biography:Searles was born on July 4, 1841, in Methuen, Massachusetts, USA to Jesse Gould Searles and Sarah Searles...
, working on numerous projects continuing through until Vaughn's death.
Vaughn died in 1917 in the Boston suburb of Newton Centre
Newton Centre, Massachusetts
Newton Centre is a borough of Newton, Massachusetts. The main commercial center of Newton Centre is a triangular area surrounding the intersections of Beacon Street, Centre Street and Langley Road. It is the largest downtown area among all the villages of Newton, and serves as a large upscale...
, and was interred at the Washington National Cathedral
Washington National Cathedral
The Washington National Cathedral, officially named the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, is a cathedral of the Episcopal Church located in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. Of neogothic design, it is the sixth-largest cathedral in the world, the second-largest in...
.
Projects
- Chapel of the Society of Saint Margaret, Boston, MA
- St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Dorchester, MA, 1888
- portions of the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine, New York, particularly the chapels to Saint Boniface, Saint James, and Saint Ansgar
- Washington National CathedralWashington National CathedralThe Washington National Cathedral, officially named the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, is a cathedral of the Episcopal Church located in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. Of neogothic design, it is the sixth-largest cathedral in the world, the second-largest in...
, Washington, D.C. (with Bodley) - The Episcopal Church of the MediatorEpiscopal Church of the Mediator (Bronx, New York)The Episcopal Church of the Mediator is an Episcopal parish church in the Kingsbridge section of The Bronx, New York.The parish was formed on August 15, 1855, as The Church of the Mediator, Yonkers. Two years later, the first church for the parish was constructed at the cost of $5,000...
in Kingsbridge, NYKingsbridge, BronxKingsbridge is a working class residential neighborhood geographically located in the northwest Bronx in New York City. The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community Board 8. Its boundaries are Van Cortlandt Park to the north, Goulden Avenue to the east, West 225th Street to the south, and Irwin...
, called "the little cathedral of the Bronx" (as of October 2009, this structure and some of its major interior art pieces and Tiffany windows are in need of significant restoration due to water damage from a leaking roof) (1913) - Christ Church, New HavenChrist Church (New Haven)Christ Church, also known as Christ Church New Haven, is an Episcopal parish church in the Broadway district of New Haven, Connecticut. Christ Church follows an Anglo-Catholic style of worship and has a strong focus on urban ministry...
, CT - Holy Cross MonasteryHoly Cross Monastery (West Park, New York)Holy Cross Monastery is located on US 9W in West Park, New York, USA. It is the mother house of the Order of the Holy Cross, an Anglican religious order inspired by the Benedictine tradition....
, West Park, NY (with Ralph Adams CramRalph Adams CramRalph Adams Cram FAIA, , was a prolific and influential American architect of collegiate and ecclesiastical buildings, often in the Gothic style. Cram & Ferguson and Cram, Goodhue & Ferguson are partnerships in which he worked.-Early life:Cram was born on December 16, 1863 at Hampton Falls, New...
) - St. John's Chapel, at Groton SchoolGroton SchoolGroton School is a private, Episcopal, college preparatory boarding school located in Groton, Massachusetts, U.S. It enrolls approximately 375 boys and girls, from the eighth through twelfth grades...
, Groton, MA - St. Paul's School Chapel, at St. Paul's School (Concord, New Hampshire)St. Paul's School (Concord, New Hampshire)St. Paul's School is a highly selective college-preparatory, coeducational boarding school in Concord, New Hampshire affiliated with the Episcopal Church. The school is one of only six remaining 100% residential boarding schools in the U.S. The New Hampshire campus currently serves 533 students,...
- Chapel of St. Peter and St. Paul, at St. Paul's School (Concord, New Hampshire)St. Paul's School (Concord, New Hampshire)St. Paul's School is a highly selective college-preparatory, coeducational boarding school in Concord, New Hampshire affiliated with the Episcopal Church. The school is one of only six remaining 100% residential boarding schools in the U.S. The New Hampshire campus currently serves 533 students,...
, Concord, NH - Amasa StoneAmasa StoneAmasa Stone was an American industrialist who built railroads and invested in mills in Ohio. He was a major benefactor of Western Reserve College, which became part of Case Western Reserve University in 1967. Amasa Stone Chapel was built after his death in his memory...
Chapel, at Case Western Reserve UniversityCase Western Reserve UniversityCase Western Reserve University is a private research university located in Cleveland, Ohio, USA...
, Cleveland, OH - Church of the Redeemer Chestnut Hill, MA
Collaborations with Searles include
- Serlo Organ HallMethuen Memorial Music HallMethuen Memorial Music Hall, initially named Serlo Organ Hall, was built by Edward Francis Searles to house "The Great Organ", a very large pipe organ that had been built for the Boston Music Hall...
(completed 1909) and Pine Lodge Mansion in Methuen, MA - Stillwater Manor, a 24-room 3-story mansion in Salem, NH
- Stanton Harcourt Castle, now known as Searles Castle, Windham, NH. 20 room castle completed in 1915 at a cost of approximately $1,250,000, modeled on the Stanton Harcourt Castle in OxfordshireOxfordshireOxfordshire is a county in the South East region of England, bordering on Warwickshire and Northamptonshire , Buckinghamshire , Berkshire , Wiltshire and Gloucestershire ....
, England. - Dream House, now known as Searles Mansion, Block Island, RI. Constructed 1886-1888 as a home for Searles and his wife, it had a "twin house" design with each of the Searles' having a separate identical side of the mansion.
- Mary Francis Searles Science Building, Bowdoin CollegeBowdoin CollegeBowdoin College , founded in 1794, is an elite private liberal arts college located in the coastal Maine town of Brunswick, Maine. As of 2011, U.S. News and World Report ranks Bowdoin 6th among liberal arts colleges in the United States. At times, it was ranked as high as 4th in the country. It is...
, Brunswick, ME - various schools and churches