Hermann Emminghaus
Encyclopedia
Hermann Emminghaus was a German psychiatrist
who was a native of Weimar
. He was a pioneer of child and adolescent psychology
, and a founder of developmental psychopathology
.
He studied medicine at the Universities of Göttingen and Jena, and in 1869 received his medical doctorate. Afterwards he was an assistant to Carl Gerhardt
(1833-1902), who was director of the Medical Clinic in Jena
. From 1874 to 1880 he worked at the University of Würzburg
, where he was an assistant to Franz von Rinecker
(1811-1883).
In 1880 Emminghaus was appointed to the first chair of psychiatry at the University of Dorpat. When he left Dorpat in 1886, his position was filled by Emil Kraepelin
(1856-1926). In 1886 Emminghaus became a professor of psychiatry at the University of Freiburg
, where he instituted a new regimen of treatment for mental patients, including a "no-restraint policy".
His best known written works are a book concerning general psychopathology
called Allgemeine Psychopathologie zur Einführung in das Studium der Geistesstörungen, and a publication on childhood mental illness
titled Die psychischen Störungen des Kindesalters. Since 1984 the "Hermann Emminghaus Prize" is awarded every two years in recognition of outstanding scientific work performed in the fields of child and adolescent psychiatry.
Psychiatrist
A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. All psychiatrists are trained in diagnostic evaluation and in psychotherapy...
who was a native of Weimar
Weimar
Weimar is a city in Germany famous for its cultural heritage. It is located in the federal state of Thuringia , north of the Thüringer Wald, east of Erfurt, and southwest of Halle and Leipzig. Its current population is approximately 65,000. The oldest record of the city dates from the year 899...
. He was a pioneer of child and adolescent psychology
Adolescent psychology
-Adolescence:Adolescence, the transitional stage of development between childhood and adulthood, represents the period of time during which a person experiences a variety of biological changes and encounters a number of emotional issues. The ages which are considered to be part of adolescence vary...
, and a founder of developmental psychopathology
Psychopathology
Psychopathology is the study of mental illness, mental distress, and abnormal/maladaptive behavior. The term is most commonly used within psychiatry where pathology refers to disease processes...
.
He studied medicine at the Universities of Göttingen and Jena, and in 1869 received his medical doctorate. Afterwards he was an assistant to Carl Gerhardt
Carl Jakob Adolf Christian Gerhardt
Carl Jakob Adolf Christian Gerhardt ; was a German internist born in Speyer....
(1833-1902), who was director of the Medical Clinic in Jena
Jena
Jena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...
. From 1874 to 1880 he worked at the University of Würzburg
University of Würzburg
The University of Würzburg is a university in Würzburg, Germany, founded in 1402. The university is a member of the distinguished Coimbra Group.-Name:...
, where he was an assistant to Franz von Rinecker
Franz von Rinecker
Franz von Rinecker was a German pharmacologist who was a native of Schesslitz from the district of Bamberg....
(1811-1883).
In 1880 Emminghaus was appointed to the first chair of psychiatry at the University of Dorpat. When he left Dorpat in 1886, his position was filled by Emil Kraepelin
Emil Kraepelin
Emil Kraepelin was a German psychiatrist. H.J. Eysenck's Encyclopedia of Psychology identifies him as the founder of modern scientific psychiatry, as well as of psychopharmacology and psychiatric genetics. Kraepelin believed the chief origin of psychiatric disease to be biological and genetic...
(1856-1926). In 1886 Emminghaus became a professor of psychiatry at the University of Freiburg
University of Freiburg
The University of Freiburg , sometimes referred to in English as the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, is a public research university located in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.The university was founded in 1457 by the Habsburg dynasty as the...
, where he instituted a new regimen of treatment for mental patients, including a "no-restraint policy".
His best known written works are a book concerning general psychopathology
Psychopathology
Psychopathology is the study of mental illness, mental distress, and abnormal/maladaptive behavior. The term is most commonly used within psychiatry where pathology refers to disease processes...
called Allgemeine Psychopathologie zur Einführung in das Studium der Geistesstörungen, and a publication on childhood mental illness
Mental illness
A mental disorder or mental illness is a psychological or behavioral pattern generally associated with subjective distress or disability that occurs in an individual, and which is not a part of normal development or culture. Such a disorder may consist of a combination of affective, behavioural,...
titled Die psychischen Störungen des Kindesalters. Since 1984 the "Hermann Emminghaus Prize" is awarded every two years in recognition of outstanding scientific work performed in the fields of child and adolescent psychiatry.
Selected writings
- Über hysterisches Irresein: Ein Beitrag zur Pathogenese der Geisteskrankheiten (dissertation University of Jena) 1870.
- Allgemeine Psychopathologie zur Einführung in das Studium der Geistesstörungen, 1878.
- Über den Werth des klinischen Unterrichts in der Psychiatrie, Dorpat 1881.
- Die psychischen Störungen des Kindesalters in: Gerhardt's "Handbuch der Kinderkrankheiten", Bd. VIII, Tübingen 1887.