Hietzing
Encyclopedia
Hietzing is the 13th municipal District of Vienna
(German
: 13. Bezirk, Hietzing). It is located west of the central districts, west of Meidling
. Hietzing is a heavily populated urban area with many residential buildings, but also contains large areas of the Vienna Woods, along with Schönbrunn Palace
.
. Liesing
is to the south, Meidling to the east and Penzing
, which was part of Hietzing until 1954, and Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus
, to the north. Most of the northern border is formed by the River Wien.
Traditionally, it is subdivided into six parts: Hietzing (northeast), Unter Sankt Veit (northwest), Ober Sankt Veit (west of Unter Sankt Veit), Hacking (northwest of Ober Sankt Veit), Lainz (geographic centre) and Speising (south).
Furthermore, the Lainzer Tiergarten
, a large park in the Wienerwald populated by boar
s, and Schönbrunn Palace
and the surrounding parks are part of Hietzing.
Hietzing was formed from the six former municipalities Hietzing, Unter-St.-Veit, Ober-St.-Veit, Hacking, Lainz and Speising, and is now divided into nine Katastralgemeinden. Six of the Katastralgemeinden broadly align with the former municipal areas. Rosenberg as well as its own Schönbrunn form Katastralgemeinden. Comes to Katastralgemeinde add Auhof, which covers large parts of the district area and essentially Lainzer Tiergarten. Even a small part of Katastralgemeinden Hütteldorf
and Unterbaumgarten (14th District) are on Hietzinger area.
A breakdown of the district area is also in the census-districts of official statistics in which the census
figures of the district municipalities are combined. The eleven census-districts of Hietzing are: Schönbrunn, Hietzing, Auhofstraße, Ober-St.-Veit, Gemeindeberg-Jagdschloßgasse, Lainz, Maxing, Speising, Altersheim Lainz (today: Geriatriezentrum Am Wienerwald), Lainzer Tiergarten and Friedensstadt. Despite partial name matches, the boundaries of the census-districts do not match with those of Katastralgemeinden.
Greenspace in Hietzing takes in a share of 71.7%. This is the highest value in Vienna, where the largest area of Lainzer Tiergarten
is included. Nearly 73.4% of green space is accounted for by forest, 15.5% more green space are the meadows, parks 6.3%, and 2.5% in small gardens. Agricultural land (1.5%) and leisure areas (10.8%), are only a small proportion of green space territories.
Waters in Hietzing take in an area of 0.8% (Wienerwald streams in Lainzer Tiergarten). The proportion of traffic areas in the district region is, with 6.0%, the lowest value in Vienna.
Before the first Turkish siege
(1529), Hietzing was an emerging wine-making place. After the heavy destruction, the place recovered quickly. The Mid-17th century began the transformation of the vineyards into farmland. The growing popularity of the pilgrimage site, "Maria Hietzing" required the expansion of Seelsorge. Choir house and community inn were erected where pilgrims had a possible overnight stay.
The second Turkish siege
(1683) devastated the place and the remaining vineyards. The place was almost depopulated, and the new settlement proceeded only slowly. The construction of the castle Schoenbrunn, which was built on the site of the destroyed 1683 Katterburg, eventually led to the great boom of the former village Hietzing. The proximity of the Imperial Court brought with it strong construction activity, but it was yet to create quarters for aristocrats and officials.
The rapid increase in the number of houses, in the late 18th and early 19th Century, changed the structure of the place. The new houses were built by people who occupied superior social position and, in Hietzing, spent the summer. This influx increased the earnings potential of the villagers and shapes the image of Hietzing to the present day.
In 1860, the current district area was reached by the first modern transportation: the connection train, Verbindungsbahn (Vienna), with stops in St. Veit, Lainz und Speising. The train was led through a very thinly populated zone at that time.
, Breitensee Baumgarten
and Hütteldorf
, then incorporated as the 13th District, with the name Hietzing.
Hietzing was reached from 1899 until 1925 with the Viennese operated Dampfloks city train (since 1981 U-train-lines U4) with its Vienna valley line. From 1907, the district was connected through electric streetcar lines (previously: horse train) with the city center. The stretches into the west of the district, after Ober-St.-Veit, and into the south over the district-section Speising to Mauer (today 23rd district) and Mödling, at that time both in lower Austria, were led a few more years as a Dampftramway.
The city of Vienna under Mayor Karl Lueger
(term 1902–1904), in the district-section Lainz, allowed construction of 31 buildings collected as a "care home", later as a retirement home, then as a nursing home, and currently known as the Geriatriezentrum Am Wienerwald (Geriatric Center at the Vienna Woods).
The Rothschild
Foundation opened a hospital in 1912 in the district-section Speising, one still existing today: Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for Nerve Disease - Neurological Center of the city of Vienna - Rose Hill; the area thereto was specifically incorporated into Vienna.
In music history, gone is the entertainment Hietzinger Cafe Dommayer (In the ear nor the rustling waltz, [...] it comes from the Dommayer z'haus" as it was called in a song).
Two still very well known Hietzinger residents in the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph were: Johann Strauss II
, the "Waltz King" and Katharina Schratt
, the confidante of the Emperor. Even the emperor himself, in his last years, lived year-round in Schoenbrunn, and thus in the district and died here in 1916. Of famous painters, Egon Schiele
died in the 13th District, in 1918.
In the period between the wars, the building of the work alliance settlement is remarkable.
. The villa of the family Blaimschein, located at the corner Lainzer Straße and Wenzgasse, was made available in April 1945 by the Red Army State Registrar Karl Renner
as the first residence in Vienna. (Today the building is the Iranian Embassy in Vienna.)
The district area north of Vienna was declared, at the Nazi-territorial reform of 15 October 1938 (see Greater-Vienna) to become the new 14th District, after which this district number was vacant by pooling of Rudolfsheim und Fünfhaus to the 15th District. By this redistricting
, Hietzing had lost 94,000 of its 140,000 inhabitants from 1934.
The magistrate for the 13th and 14th District is located in Hietzing currently.
In 1938/1939, the Nazi regime set forth in a pheasant garden behind the Schlosspark of Schoenbrunn, started military construction, and built an SS barracks
. It is now under the name of Maria Theresa Barracks, or Fasanengarten barracks, used by the armed forces. During the Second World War, the district showed much smaller bomb damage than other districts, since no major industries or major railway lines existed.
Vienna was taken in the Vienna Offensive
of the Red Army on April 13. From the autumn of 1945 to autumn 1955, Vienna was occupied by the four Allied powers and the 5th District was a part of the British sector - parades of the British army thus took place in the main courtyard of Schoenbrunn Palace, being used as their HQ. In 1952, key scenes were shot there of the Austrian film "1. April 2000" (director: Wolfgang Liebeneiner
), in which the Austrian Government finally gets rid of the occupying powers in the year 2000. In the film, a spaceship lands in Ehrenhof, as thousands of people watched.
The Lainzer Tiergarten
became, through the 1938 territorial reform, part of the urban area. Hietzing became incorporated first in 1956, resulting in vastly larger surface area. Until then, it had belonged to the District Liesing
.
Since the late sixties, the ORF
operates, which by Roland Rainer
designed and in 1975 completed ORF center Küniglberg, in which central TV and radio studios and directors and management of the public broadcaster are located. The name of the unassuming hill in the 13th District has since been used as a synonym for the ORF in the Austrian media discussion omnipresent. The building is, 40 years after its creation, renovated, and the financial problems of ORF were ridden about 2008, the headquarters of the Institute to relocate.
In 1997, at Rosenhügel (rose hill) in the area of Bertégasse und Wastlgasse, a slight modification was made to the border at the District Liesing, which mainly affected a small rural settlement.
For details on the history of the district, see District sections; for the 1938 detached parts of the district, see: Penzing
.
The role as majority-party and thereby the claim to the District Director has long been disputed between the SPÖ
and ÖVP
political parties: the traditional, conservative-oriented residential neighborhoods, versus the "public housing" complexes and the large nursing home Lainz, both with a predominantly social democratic electorate. In the postwar years, initially from 1946 to 1959, the ÖVP named the District Director. Afterward, the majority alternated as the most votes from the ÖVP or SPÖ party. From 1978, the ÖVP was able to regain its position as the largest party; they could hold this position until today.
While the ÖVP majority has been relatively stable since 1991, in later election results, starting from 1996, the Social Democrats slipped to a low point, from which benefited in particular the Freedom Party (FPÖ) and the Liberal Forum (LiF). After the electoral defeats of the FPÖ and LiF in 2001 and 2005, the SPÖ was able to regain votes. In 2005, the Greens overtook the Freedom Party (FPÖ
) and rose to the third strongest force.
After an intermezzo the defeat-serie of the SPÖ continued in 2010 also the ÖVP and the Greens lost votes that year and FPÖ
, BZÖ
and the LIF
could increase their votes.
There is a legend as to the origin of the Mother of God in the emblem, but also the origin of the name derived Hietzing. During the 2nd Turkish Siege, Hietzing was still a small village. When the Turks advanced, Hietzinger had to hide a valuable statue from her parish church in the crown of a large oak tree, and then sought refuge in nearby Vienna. Four young farmers had one day ventured into the deserted city. There, they were promptly taken prisoner by a Turkish patrol and tied to a tree: just at the tree where the statue was hidden. The four unfortunates had since begun to pray to the Mother of God, when their chains fell and a voice from the tree uttered the words: "Hiatz eng!" (Hütet Euch! or "Beware!"). In gratitude for the salvation of the four men, then the place was named after these cautionary words of the Mother of God; the passage of time had changed the name to "Hietzing".
In the old Towncenter of Hietzing:
Districts of Vienna
The districts of Vienna are 23 named city sections of Vienna, Austria, which are also numbered for easy reference. For centuries, district boundaries have changed...
(German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
: 13. Bezirk, Hietzing). It is located west of the central districts, west of Meidling
Meidling
Meidling is the 12th district of Vienna . It is located just southwest of the central districts, south of the Wienfluss, west of the Gürtel belt, and east and southeast of Schönbrunn palace...
. Hietzing is a heavily populated urban area with many residential buildings, but also contains large areas of the Vienna Woods, along with Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace is a former imperial 1,441-room Rococo summer residence in Vienna, Austria. One of the most important cultural monuments in the country, since the 1960s it has been one of the major tourist attractions in Vienna...
.
Geography
The thirteenth district is located at the western end of the city where it borders the WienerwaldWienerwald
The Vienna Woods are forested highlands that form the northeastern foothills of the Northern Limestone Alps in the states of Lower Austria and Vienna. The long and wide hill range is heavily wooded and a popular recreation area with the Viennese....
. Liesing
Liesing
Liesing is the 23rd district of Vienna . It is on the southwest edge of Vienna, Austria.It was formed after Austria's Anschluss with Germany, when Vienna expanded from 21 districts to 26...
is to the south, Meidling to the east and Penzing
Penzing (Vienna)
Penzing is the 14th District of Vienna and consists of the boroughs of Penzing, Breitensee, Baumgarten, Hütteldorf and Hadersdorf-Weidlingau. In the west, it shares a border with Purkersdorf and Mauerbach...
, which was part of Hietzing until 1954, and Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus
Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus
Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus is the 15th municipal District of Vienna, Austria . It is in central Vienna, west of Innere Stadt....
, to the north. Most of the northern border is formed by the River Wien.
Traditionally, it is subdivided into six parts: Hietzing (northeast), Unter Sankt Veit (northwest), Ober Sankt Veit (west of Unter Sankt Veit), Hacking (northwest of Ober Sankt Veit), Lainz (geographic centre) and Speising (south).
Furthermore, the Lainzer Tiergarten
Lainzer Tiergarten
The Lainzer Tiergarten is a 24.50 km² wildlife preserve in the southwest corner of Vienna, Austria, 80% of it being covered in woodland. It dates back to 1561, when Ferdinand I of Austria created it as a fenced-in hunting ground for his family to use. Since 1919, it has been open to the public...
, a large park in the Wienerwald populated by boar
Boar
Wild boar, also wild pig, is a species of the pig genus Sus, part of the biological family Suidae. The species includes many subspecies. It is the wild ancestor of the domestic pig, an animal with which it freely hybridises...
s, and Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace is a former imperial 1,441-room Rococo summer residence in Vienna, Austria. One of the most important cultural monuments in the country, since the 1960s it has been one of the major tourist attractions in Vienna...
and the surrounding parks are part of Hietzing.
District sections
Hütteldorf
Hütteldorf is a part of Vienna's 14th district, Penzing. It is located in the west of Vienna, but roughly in the geographical center of the district, stretching roughly from Deutschordenstraße in the east to Wolf in der Au in the west, where Hütteldorf borders Hadersdorf-Weidlingau.Hütteldorf is...
and Unterbaumgarten (14th District) are on Hietzinger area.
A breakdown of the district area is also in the census-districts of official statistics in which the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
figures of the district municipalities are combined. The eleven census-districts of Hietzing are: Schönbrunn, Hietzing, Auhofstraße, Ober-St.-Veit, Gemeindeberg-Jagdschloßgasse, Lainz, Maxing, Speising, Altersheim Lainz (today: Geriatriezentrum Am Wienerwald), Lainzer Tiergarten and Friedensstadt. Despite partial name matches, the boundaries of the census-districts do not match with those of Katastralgemeinden.
Land use
The developed area of Hietzing includes only 21.5% (33.3% Vienna-wide) of area of the district, where this is the second lowest value of a municipality of Vienna. The space itself is distributed as 78.7% to 16.5%, for residential areas versus total area of cultural, religious, or sports venues (devoted to public purposes). This relatively high figure is comparted to one for a Viennese township as a very low proportion of farmland (4.3% of the area to be developed).Greenspace in Hietzing takes in a share of 71.7%. This is the highest value in Vienna, where the largest area of Lainzer Tiergarten
Lainzer Tiergarten
The Lainzer Tiergarten is a 24.50 km² wildlife preserve in the southwest corner of Vienna, Austria, 80% of it being covered in woodland. It dates back to 1561, when Ferdinand I of Austria created it as a fenced-in hunting ground for his family to use. Since 1919, it has been open to the public...
is included. Nearly 73.4% of green space is accounted for by forest, 15.5% more green space are the meadows, parks 6.3%, and 2.5% in small gardens. Agricultural land (1.5%) and leisure areas (10.8%), are only a small proportion of green space territories.
Waters in Hietzing take in an area of 0.8% (Wienerwald streams in Lainzer Tiergarten). The proportion of traffic areas in the district region is, with 6.0%, the lowest value in Vienna.
| Builtspace | Greenspace | Water | Transport areas | |||||||
| 808.8 | 2,703.6 | 29.2 | 227.6 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residences | Oper- ations |
Public Facilities | Farms | Parks | Forests | Meadows | Small gardens | Rec. Recreation Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be "fun"... areas |
||
| 636.4 | 34.68 | 133.7 | 41.53 | 171.4 | 1,984.3 | 66.88 | 418.07 | 21.64 | ||
From village to suburb of Vienna
The name "Hietzing" derives itself from "Hiezo" or "Hezzo" (short form of "Heinrich"). The first authentic mention comes from the year 1130. Since 1253 the Klosterneuburg Abbey appeared. The oldest properties were in the area of Altgasse, north therefrom (direction of the Wienfluss canal) were cattle meadows, a few south fields and expanded vineyards. In the vicinity of the Küniglberg and around the zone of the current Hietzinger cemetery, there was also a quarry as well as sand pits and gravel pits whose material was used in the building of Schoenbrunn castle.Before the first Turkish siege
Siege of Vienna
The Siege of Vienna in 1529 was the first attempt by the Ottoman Empire, led by Suleiman the Magnificent, to capture the city of Vienna, Austria. The siege signalled the pinnacle of the Ottoman Empire's power, the maximum extent of Ottoman expansion in central Europe, and was the result of a...
(1529), Hietzing was an emerging wine-making place. After the heavy destruction, the place recovered quickly. The Mid-17th century began the transformation of the vineyards into farmland. The growing popularity of the pilgrimage site, "Maria Hietzing" required the expansion of Seelsorge. Choir house and community inn were erected where pilgrims had a possible overnight stay.
The second Turkish siege
Battle of Vienna
The Battle of Vienna took place on 11 and 12 September 1683 after Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months...
(1683) devastated the place and the remaining vineyards. The place was almost depopulated, and the new settlement proceeded only slowly. The construction of the castle Schoenbrunn, which was built on the site of the destroyed 1683 Katterburg, eventually led to the great boom of the former village Hietzing. The proximity of the Imperial Court brought with it strong construction activity, but it was yet to create quarters for aristocrats and officials.
The rapid increase in the number of houses, in the late 18th and early 19th Century, changed the structure of the place. The new houses were built by people who occupied superior social position and, in Hietzing, spent the summer. This influx increased the earnings potential of the villagers and shapes the image of Hietzing to the present day.
In 1860, the current district area was reached by the first modern transportation: the connection train, Verbindungsbahn (Vienna), with stops in St. Veit, Lainz und Speising. The train was led through a very thinly populated zone at that time.
Incorporation
In 1890/1892, the current district areas were summarized (without the Lainzer Tiergarten zoo) and the suburbs north of the Vienna Wienfluss: PenzingPenzing (Vienna)
Penzing is the 14th District of Vienna and consists of the boroughs of Penzing, Breitensee, Baumgarten, Hütteldorf and Hadersdorf-Weidlingau. In the west, it shares a border with Purkersdorf and Mauerbach...
, Breitensee Baumgarten
Baumgarten, Vienna
Baumgarten was an independent town until the late 19th century and is an area of Vienna's fourteenth district, Penzing, today. It can be subdivided in Oberbaumgarten , and Unterbaumgarten....
and Hütteldorf
Hütteldorf
Hütteldorf is a part of Vienna's 14th district, Penzing. It is located in the west of Vienna, but roughly in the geographical center of the district, stretching roughly from Deutschordenstraße in the east to Wolf in der Au in the west, where Hütteldorf borders Hadersdorf-Weidlingau.Hütteldorf is...
, then incorporated as the 13th District, with the name Hietzing.
Hietzing was reached from 1899 until 1925 with the Viennese operated Dampfloks city train (since 1981 U-train-lines U4) with its Vienna valley line. From 1907, the district was connected through electric streetcar lines (previously: horse train) with the city center. The stretches into the west of the district, after Ober-St.-Veit, and into the south over the district-section Speising to Mauer (today 23rd district) and Mödling, at that time both in lower Austria, were led a few more years as a Dampftramway.
The city of Vienna under Mayor Karl Lueger
Karl Lueger
Karl Lueger was an Austrian politician and mayor of Vienna. The populist and anti-Semitic politics of his Christian Social Party are sometimes viewed as a model for Hitler's Nazism.- Career :...
(term 1902–1904), in the district-section Lainz, allowed construction of 31 buildings collected as a "care home", later as a retirement home, then as a nursing home, and currently known as the Geriatriezentrum Am Wienerwald (Geriatric Center at the Vienna Woods).
The Rothschild
Rothschild
Rothschild is a common German surname. It is a habitational name from a house distinguished with a red shield , the earliest recorded example dating from the 13th century...
Foundation opened a hospital in 1912 in the district-section Speising, one still existing today: Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for Nerve Disease - Neurological Center of the city of Vienna - Rose Hill; the area thereto was specifically incorporated into Vienna.
In music history, gone is the entertainment Hietzinger Cafe Dommayer (In the ear nor the rustling waltz, [...] it comes from the Dommayer z'haus" as it was called in a song).
Two still very well known Hietzinger residents in the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph were: Johann Strauss II
Johann Strauss II
Johann Strauss II , also known as Johann Baptist Strauss or Johann Strauss, Jr., the Younger, or the Son , was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas. He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas...
, the "Waltz King" and Katharina Schratt
Katharina Schratt
Katharina Schratt was an Austrian actress who became "the uncrowned Empress of Austria" as the mistress and confidante of Emperor Franz Joseph....
, the confidante of the Emperor. Even the emperor himself, in his last years, lived year-round in Schoenbrunn, and thus in the district and died here in 1916. Of famous painters, Egon Schiele
Egon Schiele
Egon Schiele was an Austrian painter. A protégé of Gustav Klimt, Schiele was a major figurative painter of the early 20th century. His work is noted for its intensity, and the many self-portraits the artist produced...
died in the 13th District, in 1918.
In the period between the wars, the building of the work alliance settlement is remarkable.
1938 and the consequences
On 12 March 1938, with Austria now part of Germany and known as "Ostmark", 'official' removal of Jewish citizens commenced. Many were expelled or killed. Their properties and villas were "aryanised"Aryanization
Aryanization is a term coined during Nazism referring to the forced expulsion of so-called "non-Aryans", mainly Jews, from business life in Nazi Germany and the territories it controlled....
. The villa of the family Blaimschein, located at the corner Lainzer Straße and Wenzgasse, was made available in April 1945 by the Red Army State Registrar Karl Renner
Karl Renner
Karl Renner was an Austrian politician. He was born in Untertannowitz in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and died in Vienna...
as the first residence in Vienna. (Today the building is the Iranian Embassy in Vienna.)
The district area north of Vienna was declared, at the Nazi-territorial reform of 15 October 1938 (see Greater-Vienna) to become the new 14th District, after which this district number was vacant by pooling of Rudolfsheim und Fünfhaus to the 15th District. By this redistricting
Redistricting
Redistricting is the process of drawing United States electoral district boundaries, often in response to population changes determined by the results of the decennial census. In 36 states, the state legislature has primary responsibility for creating a redistricting plan, in many cases subject to...
, Hietzing had lost 94,000 of its 140,000 inhabitants from 1934.
The magistrate for the 13th and 14th District is located in Hietzing currently.
In 1938/1939, the Nazi regime set forth in a pheasant garden behind the Schlosspark of Schoenbrunn, started military construction, and built an SS barracks
Barracks
Barracks are specialised buildings for permanent military accommodation; the word may apply to separate housing blocks or to complete complexes. Their main object is to separate soldiers from the civilian population and reinforce discipline, training and esprit de corps. They were sometimes called...
. It is now under the name of Maria Theresa Barracks, or Fasanengarten barracks, used by the armed forces. During the Second World War, the district showed much smaller bomb damage than other districts, since no major industries or major railway lines existed.
After 1945
Vienna Offensive
The Vienna Offensive was launched by the Soviet 3rd Ukrainian Front in order to capture Vienna, Austria. The offensive lasted from 2–13 April 1945...
of the Red Army on April 13. From the autumn of 1945 to autumn 1955, Vienna was occupied by the four Allied powers and the 5th District was a part of the British sector - parades of the British army thus took place in the main courtyard of Schoenbrunn Palace, being used as their HQ. In 1952, key scenes were shot there of the Austrian film "1. April 2000" (director: Wolfgang Liebeneiner
Wolfgang Liebeneiner
Wolfgang Georg Louis Liebeneiner was a German actor, film director and theater director.He was born in Liebau in Prussian Silesia. In 1928, he was taught by Otto Falckenberg, the director of the Munich Kammerspiele, in acting and directing...
), in which the Austrian Government finally gets rid of the occupying powers in the year 2000. In the film, a spaceship lands in Ehrenhof, as thousands of people watched.
The Lainzer Tiergarten
Lainzer Tiergarten
The Lainzer Tiergarten is a 24.50 km² wildlife preserve in the southwest corner of Vienna, Austria, 80% of it being covered in woodland. It dates back to 1561, when Ferdinand I of Austria created it as a fenced-in hunting ground for his family to use. Since 1919, it has been open to the public...
became, through the 1938 territorial reform, part of the urban area. Hietzing became incorporated first in 1956, resulting in vastly larger surface area. Until then, it had belonged to the District Liesing
Liesing
Liesing is the 23rd district of Vienna . It is on the southwest edge of Vienna, Austria.It was formed after Austria's Anschluss with Germany, when Vienna expanded from 21 districts to 26...
.
Since the late sixties, the ORF
ORF
ORF may refer to:* ORF , the Austrian public service broadcaster.* Open reading frame, a portion of the genome.* The IATA airport code for Norfolk International Airport in Norfolk, Virginia.* ORF format , Olympus raw image file format....
operates, which by Roland Rainer
Roland Rainer
Roland Rainer was an Austrian architect.Born in Klagenfurt, Roland Rainer decided to become an architect when he was 18, so he studied at the Vienna University of Technology. His thesis was about the Karlsplatz in Vienna. Then, he left Austria visiting the Netherlands and the German Academy for...
designed and in 1975 completed ORF center Küniglberg, in which central TV and radio studios and directors and management of the public broadcaster are located. The name of the unassuming hill in the 13th District has since been used as a synonym for the ORF in the Austrian media discussion omnipresent. The building is, 40 years after its creation, renovated, and the financial problems of ORF were ridden about 2008, the headquarters of the Institute to relocate.
In 1997, at Rosenhügel (rose hill) in the area of Bertégasse und Wastlgasse, a slight modification was made to the border at the District Liesing, which mainly affected a small rural settlement.
For details on the history of the district, see District sections; for the 1938 detached parts of the district, see: Penzing
Penzing
Penzing may refer to:*Penzing , a suburb of Vienna, Austria*Penzing , a former independent suburb of Vienna, Austria*Penzing, a Katastralgemeinde of the municipality of Sieghartskirchen in Lower Austria...
.
Population
Data from Statistik Austria http://www.statistik.at/blickgem/vz1/g91301.pdf |
Population development
In 1869, the current area of the Hietzing District included only 9,808 inhabitants. Due to the low population density at that time, Hietzing was one of the few districts which had a persistent population growth. Before the start of the First World War, the population in 1910, with 34,883 inhabitants, had more than tripled, but then the growth slowed down. In 1971, the district reached 57,068 people, the highest population to date. Then the population stagnated, falling 4% during the next 2 decades, and later dropping another 10% in the 1990s, but rose gradually after the millennium year. From 2001, the population in Vienna city-wide trended to grow, including in Hietzing. At the beginning of 2007, the population stood at 51,120 people.Population structure
The average age of Hietzinger population in 2001 was significantly higher than the average in Vienna. Fundamentals are the high density of pensioners-houses, a large nursing home in Lainz (Geriatriezentrum at Wienerwald) and a very small proportion of foreigners. The number of children under 15 years stood at 13.0%, as only slightly below the Vienna average of 14.7%. The proportion of the population from 15 to 59 years, however, with 56.8% (Vienna: 63.6%), was strongly below average. The proportion of people aged 60 years or more in 2001 was 30.2% (Vienna: 21.7%), the highest of the whole of Vienna. Due to the high proportion of older people in 2001, the proportion of women in Hietzing was the largest in Vienna: 44.3% men, 55.7% were women. The number of Hietzing married had a share of 42.8%, compared with Vienna city-wide 41.2%, so slightly above the average of Vienna [6].Origin and language
The proportion of foreign district residents in 2005 was 10.4% (Vienna city-wide: 18.7%) and has over 2001 (7.9%) in Vienna as strong rising trend. The highest proportion of foreigners in 2005 represented approximately 2.1% share of the district population of nationals from Germany. Hietzing was next to the inner city as the district with the highest German foreign residents. Another 1.4% were citizens of Serbia and Montenegro, 0.7% were Polish, 0.5% Turkish, and 0.4% Slovak citizens. In 2001, a total of 16.3% of the population of the Hietzing District was not born in Austria. Nearly 1.9% expressed as a language Serbian, 0.5% Turkish, and 1.0% Croatian.Religious preferences
The distribution of religious preferences of the population in the 13th District, in 2001, differed most from the average in Vienna. With 57.7% of residents being Roman Catholic (Vienna: 49.2%), it is the highest of all districts of Vienna. There are 8 districts of Roman Catholic parishes, the city Deanery 13 images. Also, the percentage of people with Protestant religion reached 7.4%, as the highest value of a Vienna district. The proportion of people with different religions, on other hand, was very low: 1.7% is known to Islam, 2.1% for the orthodoxy. About 24.5% said they had no religious community, another 6.6% gave no information about this or any other religion mentioned.Politics
| District Directors from 1945 | |
|---|---|
| Hans Mayer (KPÖ KPO Meanings of KPO:* Knowledge process outsourcing.* KPÖ , Communist Party of Austria.* Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands , Communist Party Opposition.... ) |
4/1945–7/1945 |
| Anton Figl (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
7/1945–1946 |
| Josef Cudlin (ÖVP OVP OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy... ) |
1946–1950 |
| Otmar Hassenberger (ÖVP OVP OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy... ) |
1950–1953 |
| Ernst Florian (ÖVP OVP OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy... ) |
1953–1959 |
| Josef Fischer (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
1959–1964 |
| Josef Gerstbach (ÖVP OVP OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy... ) |
1964–1969 |
| Eduard Popp (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
1969–1976 |
| Eugen Gutmannsbauer (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
1976–1978 |
| Elfriede Bischof (ÖVP OVP OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy... ) |
1978–1990 |
| Heinz Gerstbach (ÖVP OVP OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy... ) |
1990– |
The role as majority-party and thereby the claim to the District Director has long been disputed between the SPÖ
SPO
- Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument...
and ÖVP
OVP
OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy...
political parties: the traditional, conservative-oriented residential neighborhoods, versus the "public housing" complexes and the large nursing home Lainz, both with a predominantly social democratic electorate. In the postwar years, initially from 1946 to 1959, the ÖVP named the District Director. Afterward, the majority alternated as the most votes from the ÖVP or SPÖ party. From 1978, the ÖVP was able to regain its position as the largest party; they could hold this position until today.
While the ÖVP majority has been relatively stable since 1991, in later election results, starting from 1996, the Social Democrats slipped to a low point, from which benefited in particular the Freedom Party (FPÖ) and the Liberal Forum (LiF). After the electoral defeats of the FPÖ and LiF in 2001 and 2005, the SPÖ was able to regain votes. In 2005, the Greens overtook the Freedom Party (FPÖ
FPO
FPO may refer to:*Fleet Post Office, a "city" designation in military mail *Field post office, a term for military post offices in military mail systems *For position only, a designation for placeholder graphics...
) and rose to the third strongest force.
After an intermezzo the defeat-serie of the SPÖ continued in 2010 also the ÖVP and the Greens lost votes that year and FPÖ
FPO
FPO may refer to:*Fleet Post Office, a "city" designation in military mail *Field post office, a term for military post offices in military mail systems *For position only, a designation for placeholder graphics...
, BZÖ
BZO
BZO can mean:* Bolzano Airport, with IATA code BZO* Alliance for the Future of Austria, abbreviated BZÖ...
and the LIF
Liberal Forum
The Liberal Forum is a small classical liberal party in Austria. The party is currently led by Angelika Mlinar, and is a member of the Liberal International and the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party.-Founding:...
could increase their votes.
| Jahr | SPÖ | ÖVP | FPÖ | Grüne | LIF LIF LIF, LiF or Lif may stand for:* Leukemia inhibitory factor, a cytokine that affects cell growth and development* Laser-induced fluorescence, a spectroscopic method* Low insertion force sockets* Leirvík ÍF a Faroese football club... |
BZÖ | Sonstige |
| 1991 | 37.7 | 38.2 | 15.4 | 8.2 | n.k | - | 0.5 |
| 1996 | 29.0 | 38.6 | 16.8 | 7.1 | 7.0 | - | 1.5 |
| 2001 | 31.7 | 36.7 | 15.1 | 12.2 | 3.7 | - | 0.7 |
| 2005 | 33.4 | 39.5 | 8.8 | 16.0 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.1 |
| 2010 | 29.2 | 36.5 | 15.2 | 15.7 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 0.9 |
Coat of arms
The crest of the Hietzing District consists of five parts: Hietzing (center), Hacking (top left), Sankt Veit (top right), Speising (bottom left) and Lainz (bottom right). In the tree crown, one finds the Virgin Mary with baby Jesus, in the golden rays of the cross, flanked by two angels. Under the tree, four farmers are praying.Sights
- Schönbrunn Castle: These are the imperial apartments. In an adjoining building, there is the Wagenburg of the Kunsthistorisches MuseumKunsthistorisches MuseumThe Kunsthistorisches Museum is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on Ringstraße, it is crowned with an octagonal dome...
, which contains a collection of over 100 wagons, carriages, litters and sedan chairs, with its train and Reit-geschirren which have been used by the imperial court. The connected, not publicly available, uniform depot dates back to the livery-coat of Colonel squire Office and is one of the world's finest collections of court dress from the 19th and early 20 Century. In the park are the Palm HousePalmenhaus SchönbrunnThe Palmenhaus Schönbrunn is a large greenhouse in Vienna, Austria, featuring plants from around the world. It was opened in 1882. It is the most prominent of the four greenhouses in Schönbrunn Palace Park, and is also among the largest botanical exhibits of its kind in the world, with around...
, the GlorietteGlorietteA gloriette is a building in a garden erected on a site that is elevated with respect to the surroundings...
and the oldest existing zoo in the world, the Tiergarten Vienna Zoo.
In the old Towncenter of Hietzing:
- Hietzinger Parish Church
- District Museum of Hietzing (near the church)
- Café Dommayer
- Hietzinger Cemetery (graves of Franz GrillparzerFranz GrillparzerFranz Seraphicus Grillparzer was an Austrian writer who is chiefly known for his dramas. He also wrote the oration for Ludwig van Beethoven's funeral.-Biography:...
, Otto WagnerOtto WagnerOtto Koloman Wagner was an Austrian architect and urban planner, known for his lasting impact on the appearance of his home town Vienna, to which he contributed many landmarks.-Life:...
, Gustav KlimtGustav KlimtGustav Klimt was an Austrian Symbolist painter and one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement. His major works include paintings, murals, sketches, and other art objects...
, Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Engelbert Dollfuß, Rudolf PrackRudolf Prack-Selected filmography:* The Thief of Bagdad * Die Privatsekretärin * Ball at the Savoy * Mariandl * Mariandl's Homecoming * Holiday in St. Tropez * The Standard -External links:...
, Heinz Conrads)
- Various single- or multi-family homes which are interesting for reasons of architecture or history (in that kind of a house lives Sophie - one of the main characters in Elfriede Jelinek's book Die Ausgesperrten - English title: Wonderful, wonderful times)
- Hackinger Steg, a pedestrian bridge over the River Wien
- Kennedybrücke (Kennedy Bridge)
- ORFORFORF may refer to:* ORF , the Austrian public service broadcaster.* Open reading frame, a portion of the genome.* The IATA airport code for Norfolk International Airport in Norfolk, Virginia.* ORF format , Olympus raw image file format....
-Zentrum - Various churches
- Schönbrunn PalaceSchönbrunn PalaceSchönbrunn Palace is a former imperial 1,441-room Rococo summer residence in Vienna, Austria. One of the most important cultural monuments in the country, since the 1960s it has been one of the major tourist attractions in Vienna...
- Palmenhaus SchönbrunnPalmenhaus SchönbrunnThe Palmenhaus Schönbrunn is a large greenhouse in Vienna, Austria, featuring plants from around the world. It was opened in 1882. It is the most prominent of the four greenhouses in Schönbrunn Palace Park, and is also among the largest botanical exhibits of its kind in the world, with around...
- Cemetery - Famous people buried include Gustav KlimtGustav KlimtGustav Klimt was an Austrian Symbolist painter and one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement. His major works include paintings, murals, sketches, and other art objects...
and Engelbert DollfussEngelbert DollfussEngelbert Dollfuss was an Austrian Christian Social and Patriotic Front statesman. Serving previously as Minister for Forest and Agriculture, he ascended to Federal Chancellor in 1932 in the midst of a crisis for the conservative government... - Tiergarten SchönbrunnTiergarten SchönbrunnTiergarten Schönbrunn or Vienna Zoo is a zoo located on the grounds of the famous Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, Austria...
- Lainzer TiergartenLainzer TiergartenThe Lainzer Tiergarten is a 24.50 km² wildlife preserve in the southwest corner of Vienna, Austria, 80% of it being covered in woodland. It dates back to 1561, when Ferdinand I of Austria created it as a fenced-in hunting ground for his family to use. Since 1919, it has been open to the public...
- Residences
- Wildsau, a traditional restaurant located at the edge of the Lainzer Tiergarten with a good view over ViennaViennaVienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
Hietzing
- Lothar Abel (1841–1896), architect (e.g. Palais ChotekPalais ChotekPalais Chotek is a Baroque palace in Vienna, Austria. It is owned by the noble Chotek family. It is located in the IX. district of Alsergrund.- External links :...
, Vienna) (de) - Paul Amann (1884–1958), writer, translator (de)
- Alban BergAlban BergAlban Maria Johannes Berg was an Austrian composer. He was a member of the Second Viennese School with Arnold Schoenberg and Anton Webern, and produced compositions that combined Mahlerian Romanticism with a personal adaptation of Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique.-Early life:Berg was born in...
(1885–1935), composer - Elias CanettiElias CanettiElias Canetti was a Bulgarian-born modernist novelist, playwright, memoirist, and non-fiction writer. He wrote in German and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1981, "for writings marked by a broad outlook, a wealth of ideas and artistic power".-Life:...
(1905–1994), Bulgaria-born author and Nobel prize laureate - Helene von DruskowitzHelene von DruskowitzHelene von Druskowitz was an Austrian philosopher, writer and music critic. She was the second woman to obtain a Doctorate in Philosophy, which she obtained in Zürich...
(1856–1918), philosopher, feminist - Heinz FischerHeinz FischerHeinz Fischer GColIH is the President of Austria. He took office on 8 July 2004 and was re-elected for a second and last term on 25 April 2010. Before he took office, Fischer was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria...
(born 1938), President of AustriaPresident of AustriaThe President of Austria is the federal head of state of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the constitution, in practice the President acts, for the most part, merely as a ceremonial figurehead... - Thomas KlestilThomas KlestilThomas Klestil was an Austrian diplomat and politician. He was elected the tenth President of Austria in 1992 and was re-elected to the position in 1998...
(1932–2004), former President of AustriaPresident of AustriaThe President of Austria is the federal head of state of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the constitution, in practice the President acts, for the most part, merely as a ceremonial figurehead... - Karl Münichreiter (1891–1934), antifascist resistance fighter fighter (de)
- Erwin StrahlErwin StrahlErwin Strahl was an Austrian actor. He was married to the Italian actress Franca Paris.He died on 20 April 2011 at the age of 82.-Selected filmography:* Franz Schubert * Der Jäger von Fall...
(born 1929), actor (de) - Johann Strauss IIJohann Strauss IIJohann Strauss II , also known as Johann Baptist Strauss or Johann Strauss, Jr., the Younger, or the Son , was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas. He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas...
(1825–1899), composer, - Hedy Urach (1910–1943), Nazi-resistance (de)
Unter-St.-Veit (Unter Sankt Veit)
- Hildegard BurjanHildegard BurjanHildegard Burjan, born Hildegard Freund was the founder of a Catholic religious congregation for women and an Austrian politician.- Early life :...
(1883–1933), social reformer, lived from 1925 to 1933 in Larochegasse - Friedrich CerhaFriedrich CerhaFriedrich Cerha is an Austrian composer and conductor.-Biography:Cerha was born in Vienna.He received his education at the Viennese Music Academy and at the University of Vienna...
(born 1926), composer; Kupelwiesergasse - Franz André Heller, aka André HellerAndré HellerFranz André Heller is an Austrian artist, author, singer and actor.- Biography :Heller was born in Vienna into a wealthy Jewish family of sweets manufacturers . His almost daily visits to the Café Hawelka were in his opinion a key element in the development of his literary orientation...
(born 1947), artist, author, singer; Elßlergasse 9 - Josef Holaubek (1907–1999), legendary Vienna police chief, lived and died in Larochegasse 14 (de)
- Gustav KlimtGustav KlimtGustav Klimt was an Austrian Symbolist painter and one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement. His major works include paintings, murals, sketches, and other art objects...
(1862–1918), painter; Feldmühlgasse 11 - Adolf LoosAdolf LoosAdolf Franz Karl Viktor Maria Loos was a Moravian-born Austro-Hungarian architect. He was influential in European Modern architecture, and in his essay Ornament and Crime he repudiated the florid style of the Vienna Secession, the Austrian version of Art Nouveau...
(1870–1933), Moravian-born architect - Hans MoserHans Moser (actor)Hans Moser was an Austrian actor who, during his long career, from the 1920s up to his death, mainly played in comedy films. He was particularly associated with the genre of the Wiener Film...
(1880–1964), actor; Auhofstraße 76–78 - Klaus Wildbolz (1937- ), Swiss actor (de)
- Ludwig WittgensteinLudwig WittgensteinLudwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein was an Austrian philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language. He was professor in philosophy at the University of Cambridge from 1939 until 1947...
(1889–1951), philosopher, resided in late 1919 in the villa of the Sjögren family; St.-Veit-Gasse 17
Ober-St.-Veit (Ober-Sankt Veit)
- Andreas KholAndreas KholAndreas Khol is an Austrian politician of the center-conservative Austrian People's Party, President of the Nation Council from 2002 to 2006....
(born 1941), former President of Parliament - Fritz MoravecFritz MoravecFritz Moravec was an Austrian mountaineer, author and famous alpinist.- Life :...
(1922–1997), mountaineer, author - Sir Karl Popper (1902–1994), philosopher
- Egon SchieleEgon SchieleEgon Schiele was an Austrian painter. A protégé of Gustav Klimt, Schiele was a major figurative painter of the early 20th century. His work is noted for its intensity, and the many self-portraits the artist produced...
(1890–1918), early expressionist artist; Hietzinger Hauptstraße 101 and 114, buried at Ober-St.-Veiter Friedhof. - Franz Schmidt (1874, Bratislava - 1939), composer of the Late Romantic, rector of the Akademie für Musik
- Wolfgang SchüsselWolfgang SchüsselWolfgang Schüssel is an Austrian People's Party politician. He was Chancellor of Austria for two consecutive terms from February 2000 to January 2007...
(born 1945), former Chancellor of AustriaChancellor of AustriaThe Federal Chancellor is the head of government in Austria. Its deputy is the Vice-Chancellor. Before 1918, the equivalent office was the Minister-President of Austria. The Federal Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful political position in Austrian politics.-Appointment:The...
(2000–07) - Rudolf Slatin, Slatin Pascha (1857–1932), general in the Egyptian army, Major GeneralMajor GeneralMajor general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...
in the Royal Army; Schweizertalstraße