Hillsborough Township, New Jersey
Encyclopedia
Hillsborough Township is a Township
Township (New Jersey)
A township, in the context of New Jersey local government, refers to one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government. As a political entity, a township is a full-fledged municipality, on par with any town, city, borough, or village, collecting property taxes and providing...

 in Somerset County
Somerset County, New Jersey
Somerset County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey. In 2010, the population was 323,444. It is part of the New York Metropolitan Area. Its county seat is Somerville....

, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township population was 38,303.

Hillsborough Township was originally created by Royal Charter
Royal Charter
A royal charter is a formal document issued by a monarch as letters patent, granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. They were, and are still, used to establish significant organizations such as cities or universities. Charters should be distinguished from warrants and...

 on September 12, 1771, from portions of Western precinct. It was incorporated as one of New Jersey's original 104 townships by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature
New Jersey Legislature
The New Jersey Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. In its current form, as defined by the New Jersey Constitution of 1947, the Legislature consists of two houses: the General Assembly and the Senate...

 on February 21, 1798. Portions of the township were taken to form Millstone
Millstone, New Jersey
Millstone is a Borough in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2010 Census, the borough population was 418.Millstone was incorporated as a borough by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on May 14, 1894, from portions of Hillsborough Township, based on the results of...

 (May 14, 1894) and Manville
Manville, New Jersey
Manville is a Borough in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough population was 10,344. Manville was named after the Johns-Manville Corporation, which maintained a large manufacturing facility in the borough for decades.Historically, many of...

 (April 1, 1929).

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...

, the township has a total area of 54.8 square miles (141.9 km²); 54.7 square miles (141.7 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square mile (0.258998811 km²) of it (0.18%) is water. In terms of area, it is the largest township in Somerset County.

Communities

Unincorporated communities located within Hillsborough Township are Belle Mead
Belle Mead, New Jersey
Belle Mead is a census-designated place which straddles Montgomery Township and Hillsborough Township in the U.S. state of New Jersey.Up until about 1875, Belle Mead, then named Plainville, was part of Harlingen. It was a quiet farming region when about that time a New York City contractor named...

, Blackwells Mills
Blackwells Mills, New Jersey
Blackwells Mills is a census-designated place located within Franklin Township and Hillsborough Township in Somerset County, New Jersey.Blackwells Mills is situated on the west bank of the Millstone River about two miles south of Millstone. A mill was first built there in 1746 by Peter Schenk...

, Flagtown
Flagtown, New Jersey
Flagtown is an unincorporated community located within Hillsborough Township, Somerset County in the U.S. state of New Jersey.-History:It was originally called Flagtown Station when the Lehigh Valley Railroad came through, after the nearby Flagtown, which had been corrupted from Flaggtown...

, Neshanic
Neshanic, New Jersey
Neshanic is an unincorporated community within Hillsborough Township, New Jersey in Somerset County, New Jersey. Neshanic is located near the South Branch Raritan River.-History:...

, and South Branch
South Branch, New Jersey
South Branch is an unincorporated community located within Hillsborough Township, located in Somerset County, New Jersey.The community goes back to 1750 and was also known as Branchville. It is situated on the South Branch Raritan River near its junction with the Raritan River...

. Part of Blackwells Mills is located in Franklin Township.

Climate

Redevelopment

After the three and three quarter mile US 206
U.S. Route 206
U.S. Route 206 is a long north–south United States highway in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, United States. Only about a half a mile of its length is in Pennsylvania; the Milford-Montague Toll Bridge carries it over the Delaware River into New Jersey, where it is the remainder of the route...

 bypass is completed, the town plans to design a town center along the old Business Route 206. Construction for the bypass is expected to begin in 2009 and be complete by 2012. The old section of US-206 will become the main street for the township and will be zoned for commercial and residential use.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 36,634 people, 12,649 households, and 9,802 families residing in the township. The population density was 669.9 people per square mile (258.6/km²). There were 12,854 housing units at an average density of 235.0 per square mile (90.7/km²). The racial makeup of the township was 85.96% White, 7.31% Asian, 3.76% African American, 0.09% American Indian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 1.28% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, and 1.53% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 4.75% of the population.

There were 12,649 households out of which 44.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them – 67.6% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.5% were non-families. 17.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88, and the average family size was 3.31.

In the township, the population was spread out with 29.1% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 34.7% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.1 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $83,290, and the median income for a family was $93,933. These figures had risen to $100,674 and $113,055 respectively as of a 2007 estimate. Males had a median income of $62,273 versus $42,052 for females. The per capita income for the township was $33,091. About 2.1% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.6% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.

History

On May 31, 1771, Hillsborough was officially granted a Charter incorporating it as a Township. A revised charter was issued on September 12, 1771. The records of Hillsborough Township are complete from their inception in 1746 and there are ten volumes, each some several hundred pages, kept in the Special Collections Department of the Rutgers University
Rutgers University
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , is the largest institution for higher education in New Jersey, United States. It was originally chartered as Queen's College in 1766. It is the eighth-oldest college in the United States and one of the nine Colonial colleges founded before the American...

 Library along with the Charter.

Hillsborough Township quickly took its place in history as the path General George Washington
George Washington
George Washington was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783, and presided over the writing of...

 and his troops traveled from the Battle of Princeton
Battle of Princeton
The Battle of Princeton was a battle in which General George Washington's revolutionary forces defeated British forces near Princeton, New Jersey....

 to winter quarters in Morristown
Morristown, New Jersey
Morristown is a town in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the town population was 18,411. It is the county seat of Morris County. Morristown became characterized as "the military capital of the American Revolution" because of its strategic role in the...

. While the British were encamped in the valley below awaiting an opportunity to attack, it is said that Washington drilled his troops on the Sourland Mountain
Sourland Mountain
Sourland Mountain is a long ridge in central New Jersey, extending from the Delaware River at Lambertville to the western end of Hillsborough Township near the community of Neshanic , through Montgomery Township and into Hopewell Township in Mercer County. It comprises the largest contiguous...

 around a spring near the top using different formations and corn stalks for guns. As the sun caught the stalks, the British thought Washington had received reinforcements and fresh supplies. The British troops, thinking that they were outnumbered, slipped off to New Brunswick
New Brunswick, New Jersey
New Brunswick is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, USA. It is the county seat and the home of Rutgers University. The city is located on the Northeast Corridor rail line, southwest of Manhattan, on the southern bank of the Raritan River. At the 2010 United States Census, the population of...

 leaving Washington to continue to Morristown.

Hillsborough Township was formally incorporated on February 21, 1798.

Hillsborough is the home of the Belle Mead GSA depot, or Belle Mead General Depot, which was a storage site for materials during World War II, along with housing Italian and German prisoners of war. It continued storing materials until the 1980s, and various contaminants have leaked into the ground and surrounding area during that time, said Tom Miller, counsel for Somerset County.

Hillsborough is also home to Duke Gardens
Duke Gardens
Duke Gardens in Somerset County, New Jersey were among the most significant glass house collections in America. Created by Doris Duke herself, the aerial view confirms they were larger than the New York Botanical Garden's Haupt Conservatory, and were open to the public from 1964 until they were...

 and Duke Farms, a 2700 acres (10.9 km²) estate in the north-eastern quadrant of the town. Originally owned by tobacco and electric energy tycoon James "Buck" Duke
James Buchanan Duke
James Buchanan Duke was a U.S. tobacco and electric power industrialist best known for his involvement with Duke University.-Personal life:...

 and then passed down to daughter Doris Duke
Doris Duke
Doris Duke was an American heiress, horticulturalist, art collector, and philanthropist.-Family and early life:...

, Duke Farms is now one of the few remaining "preserved" natural areas in Hillsborough Township.

In 2007, Hillsborough was ranked as the No. 23 best place to live in the United States by Money
Money (magazine)
Money is published by Time Inc. Its first issue was published in October 1972. Its articles cover the gamut of personal finance topics ranging from investing, saving, retirement and taxes to family finance issues like paying for college, credit, career and home improvement...

magazine.

Local government

Hillsborough Township is governed under the Township
Township (New Jersey)
A township, in the context of New Jersey local government, refers to one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government. As a political entity, a township is a full-fledged municipality, on par with any town, city, borough, or village, collecting property taxes and providing...

 form of government with a five-member Township Committee. The Township Committee is elected directly by the voters in partisan elections to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with one or two seats coming up for election each year. The mayor and deputy mayor are chosen by the Township Committee from among its members at an annual reorganization meeting, each serving a one-year term.

, members of the Hillsborough Township Committee are Mayor Gloria McCauley (term ends December 31, 2011), Deputy Mayor Carl Suraci (2012), Frank DelCore (2013), Anthony Ferrera (2011) and Bob Wagner (2012).

Based on the results of a Charter Study Commission
Charter Study Commission
A Charter Study Commission is one of two options available to residents of New Jersey to pursue a change in their form of government. The other option is a direct petition...

, a recommendation was listed on the November 2007 general election ballot proposing that the township adopt a Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
The Faulkner Act, or Optional Municipal Charter Law, provides for New Jersey municipalities to adopt a Mayor-Council government.This form of government provides for election of a mayor and five, seven, or nine council members...

 form of government. At the election, 58% of those voting chose to reject the proposed change, leaving the longtime Township form of government unchanged.

Federal, state and county representation

Hillsborough Township is in the 7th Congressional district and is part of New Jersey's 16th state legislative district.




Transportation

U.S. Route 206
U.S. Route 206
U.S. Route 206 is a long north–south United States highway in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, United States. Only about a half a mile of its length is in Pennsylvania; the Milford-Montague Toll Bridge carries it over the Delaware River into New Jersey, where it is the remainder of the route...

 is the main road that passes through the township. (A new alignment of US 206 is being built to bypass the current congested stretch of the road.)

Main county roads that pass through are CR 514
County Route 514 (New Jersey)
County Route 514 is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends from US 202 in East Amwell Township to Bayway Avenue in Elizabeth...

 and CR 533
County Route 533 (New Jersey)
County Route 533 is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends from the White Horse Circle, in Hamilton Township to County Route 527 in Bound Brook. Route 533 shares a major concurrency with U.S...

.

I-287
Interstate 287
Interstate 287 is an auxiliary Interstate Highway in the U.S. states of New Jersey and New York. It is a partial beltway around New York City, serving the northern half of New Jersey and the counties of Rockland and Westchester in New York...

 is outside the municipality in bordering Bridgewater and Franklin Townships.

Education

The Hillsborough Township School District
Hillsborough Township School District
The Hillsborough Township School District is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students from Hillsborough Township in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. The district serves students in kindergarten through twelfth grade...

 serves students in kindergarten through twelfth grade. Students from Millstone
Millstone, New Jersey
Millstone is a Borough in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2010 Census, the borough population was 418.Millstone was incorporated as a borough by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on May 14, 1894, from portions of Hillsborough Township, based on the results of...

 attend the district's schools as part of a sending/receiving relationship
Sending/receiving relationship
A sending/receiving relationship is one in which a public school district sends some or all of its students to attend the schools of another district. This is often done to achieve costs savings in smaller districts or continues after districts have grown as part of a historical relationship...

.

Schools in the district (with 2009-10 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics
National Center for Education Statistics
The National Center for Education Statistics is the part of the United States Department of Education's Institute of Education Sciences that collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics on education and public school district finance information in the United States...

):

There are six elementary schools for Kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...

 to 4th grade.
  • Auten Road Intermediate School currently houses grades 5 and 6 (1,137 students). Auten Road Intermediate School began as an elementary school, but was made into an intermediate school in 2002 housing all 5th and 6th graders in the district. The school's mascot is the Mini Raiders, modeled after the high school mascot of the Raiders.
  • Hillsborough Middle School for grades 7–8 (1,235 students).

  • Hillsborough High School
    Hillsborough High School (New Jersey)
    Hillsborough High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school that serves students from Hillsborough Township in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States, operating as part of the Hillsborough Township School District...

     for grades 9–12 (2,383 students).

Notable residents

Notable current and former residents of Hillsborough Township include:
  • John Bell
    John Bell (radio personality)
    John Bell is a radio personality from Jersey City, New Jersey. He is widely known for his contributions as one of the original staff members on WHTZ and Elvis Duran and the Morning Show . John started his career with Z100 in 1983. He was known by Z100 staff and listeners as the, "Voice of Reason"...

     radio DJ Z100 WHTZ
    WHTZ
    WHTZ — branded Z100 — is a commercial pop/contemporary hit radio radio station licensed to Newark, New Jersey serving the New York metropolitan area. The station is currently owned by Clear Channel Communications...

     Elvis Duran
    Elvis Duran
    Elvis Duran is the host of the Elvis Duran and the Morning Show in New York on Z100 and in syndication on Premiere Radio Networks.Duran's show is now heard live in over 40 markets including New York, Philadelphia, Miami, Cleveland, Tampa, Syracuse, Atlanta, & Des Moines.Before his current job at...

     and the Z Morning Zoo.
  • Brad Benson
    Brad Benson
    Brad William Benson is a former professional American football player. He was an offensive lineman with the New York Giants of the National Football League from 1978 to 1988. He was a pivotal member of the 1986 Giants team that defeated the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XXI...

     (born 1955), former New York Giants
    New York Giants
    The New York Giants are a professional American football team based in East Rutherford, New Jersey, representing the New York City metropolitan area. The Giants are currently members of the Eastern Division of the National Football Conference in the National Football League...

     defensive lineman from 1977–1987, owner of Brad Benson Hyundai and Rainbow Run Farm.
  • Michael Ian Black
    Michael Ian Black
    Michael Ian Black is an American comedian, actor, writer and director. He has starred in several TV comedy series, including The State, Ed, Viva Variety, Stella and Michael & Michael Have Issues. He is also a prominent poker player, appearing on Celebrity Poker Showdown several times...

     (born 1971), actor.
  • Minakshi Datta and Jyotirmoy Datta
    Jyotirmoy Datta
    Jyotirmoy Datta is a Bengali writer, journalist, poet, and an essayist. He worked for The Statesman, Calcutta's oldest English-language daily, as feature writer, film critic, correspondent, and associate editor. He visited the University of Chicago as a lecturer, 1966–1968, and also did a...

     (born 1936), writers originally from India who now reside in Hillsborough.
  • Doris Duke
    Doris Duke
    Doris Duke was an American heiress, horticulturalist, art collector, and philanthropist.-Family and early life:...

     (1912–93), heiress
    Beneficiary
    A beneficiary in the broadest sense is a natural person or other legal entity who receives money or other benefits from a benefactor. For example: The beneficiary of a life insurance policy, is the person who receives the payment of the amount of insurance after the death of the insured...

     and philanthropist.
  • Jaheim
    Jaheim
    Jaheim Hoagland is an American R&B singer and formerly a rapper performing under the mononymous name of Jaheim. He was signed by Naughty by Nature's Kaygee to Divine Mill Records in 2000, and released his debut album Ghetto Love in 2001. His second effort, Still Ghetto, was released a year later,...

     (born 1978), R&B singer.
  • Anna Case Mackay (1887–1984), Metropolitan Opera soprano and noted concert, radio, and recording star of the early 20th century. She grew up in the village of South Branch, daughter of the local blacksmith.
  • Shawn Mayer
    Shawn Mayer
    Shawn A. Mayer is a professional American football player, currently a safety on the Cleveland Browns practice squad....

     (born 1979), NFL
    National Football League
    The National Football League is the highest level of professional American football in the United States, and is considered the top professional American football league in the world. It was formed by eleven teams in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association, with the league changing...

     who played safety
    Defensive back
    In American football and Canadian football, defensive backs are the players on the defensive team who take positions somewhat back from the line of scrimmage; they are distinguished from the defensive line players and linebackers, who take positions directly behind or close to the line of...

     for the Cleveland Browns
    Cleveland Browns
    The Cleveland Browns are a professional football team based in Cleveland, Ohio. They are currently members of the North Division of the American Football Conference in the National Football League...

    .
  • Shaun O'Hara
    Shaun O'Hara
    Shaun O'Hara is an American football center in the National Football League who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Rutgers University, and has been in the NFL since 2000, having begun his pro career as a free agent with the Cleveland Browns...

     (born 1977), NFL
    National Football League
    The National Football League is the highest level of professional American football in the United States, and is considered the top professional American football league in the world. It was formed by eleven teams in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association, with the league changing...

     center
    Center (American football)
    Center is a position in American football and Canadian football . The center is the innermost lineman of the offensive line on a football team's offense...

     for the New York Giants
    New York Giants
    The New York Giants are a professional American football team based in East Rutherford, New Jersey, representing the New York City metropolitan area. The Giants are currently members of the Eastern Division of the National Football Conference in the National Football League...

    .
  • Ricky Proehl
    Ricky Proehl
    Richard Scott Proehl is a former American football wide receiver in the National Football League. Proehl played 17 seasons with the Phoenix/Arizona Cardinals, Seattle Seahawks, Chicago Bears, St. Louis Rams, Carolina Panthers, and Indianapolis Colts...

     (born 1968), NFL
    National Football League
    The National Football League is the highest level of professional American football in the United States, and is considered the top professional American football league in the world. It was formed by eleven teams in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association, with the league changing...

     wide receiver
    Wide receiver
    A wide receiver is an offensive position in American and Canadian football, and is the key player in most of the passing plays. Only players in the backfield or the ends on the line are eligible to catch a forward pass. The two players who begin play at the ends of the offensive line are eligible...

     for the Indianapolis Colts
    Indianapolis Colts
    The Indianapolis Colts are a professional American football team based in Indianapolis. They are currently members of the South Division of the American Football Conference in the National Football League ....

    .
  • Peter Dumont Vroom
    Peter Dumont Vroom
    Peter Dumont Vroom , an American Democratic Party politician, served as the 9th Governor of New Jersey and as a member of the United States House of Representatives for a single term, from 1839–1841.He was born in Hillsborough Township, New Jersey the son of Col...

     (1791–1873), 9th Governor of New Jersey
    Governor of New Jersey
    The Office of the Governor of New Jersey is the executive branch for the U.S. state of New Jersey. The office of Governor is an elected position, for which elected officials serve four year terms. While individual politicians may serve as many terms as they can be elected to, Governors cannot be...

    .

External links

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