Hindon (UK Parliament constituency)
Encyclopedia
Hindon was a parliamentary borough
consisting of the village of Hindon
in Wiltshire
, which elected two Members of Parliament
(MPs) to the House of Commons
from 1448 until 1832, when the borough was abolished by the Great Reform Act. It was one of the most notoriously corrupt of the rotten borough
s, and bills to disfranchise Hindon were debated in Parliament on two occasions before its eventual abolition.
. However, the town was destroyed by a disastrous fire in 1754, and over the same period its trade went into severe decline. By 1831, the population of the borough was only 921, and the borough and town contained 185 houses.
boroughs, the right to vote being exercised by every householder, a household being notionally defined as any dwelling place with a separate hearth capable of heating a pot - this meant in effect that the majority of the male population could vote. The precise regulations in these constituencies varied, but in Hindon the franchise was defined by a House of Commons ruling of 1728 as resting with all inhabitant householders who were parishioners of Hindon and not receiving alms. At the final contested election, that of 1831, it was estimated that these amounted to 170 eligible voters, and 112 actually voted. The local magnates were generally recognised as "patrons" of the borough, and had considerable influence over the choice of MPs; however, Hindon's voters were amenable only at a price, and were frequently prepared to sell the borough's seats to the highest bidder should rival candidates present themselves. In the late 17th century, the Howe family were pre-eminent, and were joined by the Calthorpes who were Lords of the Manor
; both frequently chose to keep the seats for themselves or for a family member. The Howe influence faded in the early 18th century, and from 1745 Lord Calthorpe
was effectively joined as patron by William Beckford
, the wealthy Jamaica
planter and London
alderman
who in that year bought nearby Fonthill Abbey
.
, Regius Professor of Civil Law
at the University of Oxford
. Elected at Hindon in 1547, he gained notoriety by his opposition to the Act of Uniformity
in 1548. After he had called out "Woe unto thee, O land, when thy king is a child," Story was imprisoned on the orders of the House of Commons
, but was soon released and fled to the Seventeen Provinces
. The reign of Queen Mary
from 1553 to 1558 brought him back into public life and he again became a member of parliament, but after Mary's death he opposed the Act of Supremacy
of 1559, was imprisoned again, escaped, was recaptured, fled again to the Low Countries, where he became a subject of Philip II of Spain
, was kidnapped by agents of Queen Elizabeth I
, was imprisoned in the Tower of London
, where he was torture
d, and finally in 1571 was hanged, drawn and quartered
. He was beatified
by Pope Leo XIII
in 1886.
Story's successor as Regius Professor of Civil Law at Oxford, William Aubrey
, was elected a member for Hindon in 1559.
, who pretended to stand, and spent a great deal of money in treats; but at the time of the election set up Col. Lee, whom the bailiff hath returned." Calthorpe later withdrew his petition and was shortly afterwards elected together with Howe, but it was then the turn of their two defeated opponents, Robert Hyde and George Morley, to bring a petition complaining of "several indirect and unlawful practices at and before the election".
The next developments in Hindon, however, were almost without parallel. At the election of 1701, the candidates once more were Sir James Howe, Reynolds Calthorpe and George Morley. According to the result as declared by the bailiff (the local official who acted as ex officio returning officer
), Morley was defeated, beaten into third place by Calthorpe by 70 votes to 62. Morley petitioned against Calthorpe's election, as did some of the voters, complaining that the votes of some of Calthorpe's supporters should not have been accepted since they did not pay scot and lot
. (This was a necessary condition for the franchise in many other boroughs.) After consideration, the committee agreed with Calthorpe that the right to vote in Hindon was not tied to payment of scot and lot, and therefore that the petition was not justified on those grounds.
Then, however, they began to look into the accusations of bribery. A number of witnesses stated that voters had been paid twenty shillings each to vote for Calthorpe, including a number who admitted that they themselves had received such a sum. But, unfortunately for Morley, witnesses were also produced who said they had accepted even larger sums to vote for him. The Committee's report to the Commons recommended that neither Calthorpe nor Morley should be accepted as duly elected. However, the House voted down the motion against Morley and he was therefore able to take his seat as an MP.
But the matter was not closed. The following year the accusations were renewed, and the Commons voted that Morley should defend himself in the House against the accusation of bribery during his election. After his accuser, Thomas Jervoise
, named seven agents who had assisted Morley in his corrupt practices and a petition against Morley from the unbribed voters of Hindon was presented, another vote was taken and this time the majority was in favour of invalidating Morley's election. However, they now went much further, proposing a bill to disfranchise Hindon altogether. This was not quite unprecedented (a similar measure had been proposed, unsuccessfully, for Stockbridge
in 1689), but no such threat had ever been put into effect. In committee, the bill was amended so that rather than abolishing the borough outright it should be "thrown into the hundred" - that is, the boundaries of the borough would be extended to take in the whole of the neighbouring hundred of Downton, which would have abolished the borough in all but name, turning it into a much larger constituency where the majority of votes were cast on the land-owning franchise used in the counties. In this form the bill passed the Commons; but the House of Lords voted against it, so it could not become law. (Ironically, the man elected to fill the vacant seat after this reprieve was Thomas Jervoise.)
, detailed by Namier, show £313 11s was spent on backing the government candidate in the Hindon by-election of 1756, William Mabbott, even though the contest was eventually not carried to a poll. Mabbott was apparently prepared to put up another £1000 of his own money if necessary.
In the second half of the 18th century, however, the political climate once more began to turn against open corruption, with Hindon's co-patron William Beckford
(who sat as MP for the City of London
) being one of the leading spirits in the reform movement. The Hindon election of 1774, when little attempt seems to have been made to conceal the scale of the bribery, was among the most serious cases to come to light, and one of only two where the House of Commons itself voted to prosecute the miscreants (rather than leaving the matter to the normal legal processes).
Richard Smith, a local man who had made a fortune in India
and was prepared to spend high to get into Parliament, began his campaign anonymously, a local parson distributing five guineas a man to voters to persuade them to support "General Gold". Another candidate, the radical Thomas Brand Hollis
, also appeared to challenge the Beckford and Calthorpe interest, while William Thomas Beckford
, eccentric son of the original purchaser of Fonthill, and James Calthorpe
were the family candidates. By polling day, Smith, Brand Hollis and Calthorpe had each distributed 15 guineas a head; Beckford had given promises only (though that, of course, was just as illegal as actually paying out money).
After Smith and Brand Hollis topped the poll, Beckford and Calthorpe petitioned against the result. The committee declared the election void, and recommended that all four candidates should be prosecuted for bribery; the House accepted the committee's report, and ordered that the Attorney General
should prosecute and that no writ should be issued for a new election, so the borough's representation was suspended. Furthermore, a bill was introduced which would have disfranchised 190 of Hindon's 210 voters (listed by name), and thrown the borough into the hundred. This was no longer unthinkable: the same punishment had been visited on the Sussex
borough of New Shoreham
for corruption three years earlier, and in the following decade was applied in Wiltshire to remedy the misdemeanours of Cricklade
. In this case, however, the proposal met considerable opposition and was eventually dropped, so Hindon survived again and a writ for a new election was issued.
At the new by-election, five candidates were nominated, and Smith was once again victorious together with Henry Dawkins; but, on petition, Smith was unseated once more. In the meanwhile, the bribery prosecution had proceeded, and both Smith and Brand Hollis had been convicted at Salisbury
assizes, though Beckford and Calthorpe had been acquitted. Sentencing had been postponed, but a month after the second election both the offenders were fined £500 and jailed for six months.
, after which Hindon became part of the South Wiltshire
county division for subsequent elections.
Notes
Parliamentary borough
Parliamentary boroughs are a type of administrative division, usually covering urban areas, that are entitled to representation in a Parliament...
consisting of the village of Hindon
Hindon, Wiltshire
Hindon is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about west of Salisbury and south of Warminster. It is in the Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Hindon was a market town but is now a village...
in Wiltshire
Wiltshire
Wiltshire is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. It contains the unitary authority of Swindon and covers...
, which elected two Members of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
(MPs) to the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
from 1448 until 1832, when the borough was abolished by the Great Reform Act. It was one of the most notoriously corrupt of the rotten borough
Rotten borough
A "rotten", "decayed" or pocket borough was a parliamentary borough or constituency in the United Kingdom that had a very small electorate and could be used by a patron to gain undue and unrepresentative influence within Parliament....
s, and bills to disfranchise Hindon were debated in Parliament on two occasions before its eventual abolition.
History
Hindon was a small market town, and may have been of at least minor importance at the time it was first represented in Parliament, during the reign of Henry VIHenry VI of England
Henry VI was King of England from 1422 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471, and disputed King of France from 1422 to 1453. Until 1437, his realm was governed by regents. Contemporaneous accounts described him as peaceful and pious, not suited for the violent dynastic civil wars, known as the Wars...
. However, the town was destroyed by a disastrous fire in 1754, and over the same period its trade went into severe decline. By 1831, the population of the borough was only 921, and the borough and town contained 185 houses.
Franchise and influences
Hindon was an example of the class of constituencies known as potwalloperPotwalloper
A potwalloper is an archaic term referring to a borough constituency returning members to the House of Commons of England before 1707, the House of Commons of Great Britain and the Irish House of Commons before 1801, and the House of Commons of the United Kingdom until 1832, when the Reform Act...
boroughs, the right to vote being exercised by every householder, a household being notionally defined as any dwelling place with a separate hearth capable of heating a pot - this meant in effect that the majority of the male population could vote. The precise regulations in these constituencies varied, but in Hindon the franchise was defined by a House of Commons ruling of 1728 as resting with all inhabitant householders who were parishioners of Hindon and not receiving alms. At the final contested election, that of 1831, it was estimated that these amounted to 170 eligible voters, and 112 actually voted. The local magnates were generally recognised as "patrons" of the borough, and had considerable influence over the choice of MPs; however, Hindon's voters were amenable only at a price, and were frequently prepared to sell the borough's seats to the highest bidder should rival candidates present themselves. In the late 17th century, the Howe family were pre-eminent, and were joined by the Calthorpes who were Lords of the Manor
Lord of the Manor
The Lordship of a Manor is recognised today in England and Wales as a form of property and one of three elements of a manor that may exist separately or be combined and may be held in moieties...
; both frequently chose to keep the seats for themselves or for a family member. The Howe influence faded in the early 18th century, and from 1745 Lord Calthorpe
Baron Calthorpe
Baron Calthorpe, of Calthorpe in the County of Norfolk, was a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1796 for Sir Henry Gough-Calthorpe, 2nd Baronet, who had previously represented Bramber in Parliament. Born Henry Gough, he had assumed the additional surname of Calthorpe upon...
was effectively joined as patron by William Beckford
William Beckford (politician)
William Beckford was a well-known political figure in 18th century London, who twice held the office of Lord Mayor of London . His vast wealth came largely from his plantations in Jamaica...
, the wealthy Jamaica
Jamaica
Jamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length, up to in width and 10,990 square kilometres in area. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island harbouring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic...
planter and London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
alderman
Alderman
An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions founded upon English law. The term may be titular, denoting a high-ranking member of a borough or county council, a council member chosen by the elected members themselves rather than by popular vote, or a council...
who in that year bought nearby Fonthill Abbey
Fonthill Abbey
Fonthill Abbey — also known as Beckford's Folly — was a large Gothic revival country house built around the turn of the 19th century at Fonthill Gifford in Wiltshire, England, at the direction of William Thomas Beckford and architect James Wyatt...
.
John Story
One of Hindon's most remarkable members was John StoryJohn Story
Blessed John Story , English Roman Catholic martyr, was born the son of Nicholas Story of Salisbury and educated at Hinxsey Hall, University of Oxford, where he became lecturer on civil law in 1535, being made later principal of Broadgates Hall, afterwards Pembroke College.He appears to have...
, Regius Professor of Civil Law
Regius Professor of Civil Law (Oxford)
The Regius Chair of Civil Law, founded in the 1540s, is one of the oldest of the professorships at the University of Oxford.-Foundation:The Regius Chair of Civil Law at Oxford was founded by King Henry VIII, who established five such Regius Professorships in the University, the others being the...
at the University of Oxford
University of Oxford
The University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...
. Elected at Hindon in 1547, he gained notoriety by his opposition to the Act of Uniformity
Act of Uniformity 1549
The Act of Uniformity 1549 established The Book of Common Prayer as the sole legal form of worship in England...
in 1548. After he had called out "Woe unto thee, O land, when thy king is a child," Story was imprisoned on the orders of the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
, but was soon released and fled to the Seventeen Provinces
Seventeen Provinces
The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 15th century and 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France , and a small part of Western Germany.The Seventeen Provinces were originally held by...
. The reign of Queen Mary
Mary I of England
Mary I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death.She was the only surviving child born of the ill-fated marriage of Henry VIII and his first wife Catherine of Aragon. Her younger half-brother, Edward VI, succeeded Henry in 1547...
from 1553 to 1558 brought him back into public life and he again became a member of parliament, but after Mary's death he opposed the Act of Supremacy
Act of Supremacy 1559
The Act of Supremacy 1558 was an Act of the Parliament of England, passed under the auspices of Queen Elizabeth I of England. It replaced the original Act of Supremacy 1534 issued by Elizabeth's father, Henry VIII, which arrogated ecclesiastical authority to the monarchy, and which had been...
of 1559, was imprisoned again, escaped, was recaptured, fled again to the Low Countries, where he became a subject of Philip II of Spain
Philip II of Spain
Philip II was King of Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, and, while married to Mary I, King of England and Ireland. He was lord of the Seventeen Provinces from 1556 until 1581, holding various titles for the individual territories such as duke or count....
, was kidnapped by agents of Queen Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I of England
Elizabeth I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty...
, was imprisoned in the Tower of London
Tower of London
Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the City of London by the open space...
, where he was torture
Torture
Torture is the act of inflicting severe pain as a means of punishment, revenge, forcing information or a confession, or simply as an act of cruelty. Throughout history, torture has often been used as a method of political re-education, interrogation, punishment, and coercion...
d, and finally in 1571 was hanged, drawn and quartered
Hanged, drawn and quartered
To be hanged, drawn and quartered was from 1351 a penalty in England for men convicted of high treason, although the ritual was first recorded during the reigns of King Henry III and his successor, Edward I...
. He was beatified
Beatification
Beatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a dead person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in his or her name . Beatification is the third of the four steps in the canonization process...
by Pope Leo XIII
Pope Leo XIII
Pope Leo XIII , born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci to an Italian comital family, was the 256th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, reigning from 1878 to 1903...
in 1886.
Story's successor as Regius Professor of Civil Law at Oxford, William Aubrey
William Aubrey
William Aubrey was Regius Professor of Civil Law at the University of Oxford from 1553 to 1559, and was one of the founding Fellows of Jesus College, Oxford. He was also a MP.-Early life and Oxford University:...
, was elected a member for Hindon in 1559.
History of bribery
With an electorate as large as Hindon's, usually amounting to a couple of hundred voters, the hold of the patrons was precarious at the best of times, but was weakened still further when they were competing with each other in the hope of nominating both MPs. An early example of such rivalry was the election of 1697, when Reynolds Calthorpe petitioned to overturn his defeat by Colonel Henry Lee on the grounds of the "undue practices of one Sir James HowSir James Howe, 2nd Baronet
Sir James Howe, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1698 and to 1705....
, who pretended to stand, and spent a great deal of money in treats; but at the time of the election set up Col. Lee, whom the bailiff hath returned." Calthorpe later withdrew his petition and was shortly afterwards elected together with Howe, but it was then the turn of their two defeated opponents, Robert Hyde and George Morley, to bring a petition complaining of "several indirect and unlawful practices at and before the election".
First escape from disfranchisement, 1702
No report of the outcome of the 1698 petition is recorded, so it also may well have been withdrawn. It should be understood that the resolution of petitions at this period was frequently conducted on an entirely partisan basis, the outcome being dependent on which side could command a majority in the Commons rather than on the merits of the case, so that the failure to achieve a favourable verdict cannot be taken to indicate that the complaint was unjustified. Equally, accusations were sometimes made on slender grounds, and the frequency of petitions in itself is no evidence of endemic corruption.The next developments in Hindon, however, were almost without parallel. At the election of 1701, the candidates once more were Sir James Howe, Reynolds Calthorpe and George Morley. According to the result as declared by the bailiff (the local official who acted as ex officio returning officer
Returning Officer
In various parliamentary systems, a returning officer is responsible for overseeing elections in one or more constituencies.-Australia:In Australia a returning officer is an employee of the Australian Electoral Commission or a State Electoral Commission who heads the local divisional office...
), Morley was defeated, beaten into third place by Calthorpe by 70 votes to 62. Morley petitioned against Calthorpe's election, as did some of the voters, complaining that the votes of some of Calthorpe's supporters should not have been accepted since they did not pay scot and lot
Scot and lot
Scot and lot is a phrase common in the records of English medieval boroughs, applied to householders who were assessed for a tax paid to the borough for local or national purposes.They were usually members of a merchant guild.Before the Reform Act 1832, those who paid scot and bore...
. (This was a necessary condition for the franchise in many other boroughs.) After consideration, the committee agreed with Calthorpe that the right to vote in Hindon was not tied to payment of scot and lot, and therefore that the petition was not justified on those grounds.
Then, however, they began to look into the accusations of bribery. A number of witnesses stated that voters had been paid twenty shillings each to vote for Calthorpe, including a number who admitted that they themselves had received such a sum. But, unfortunately for Morley, witnesses were also produced who said they had accepted even larger sums to vote for him. The Committee's report to the Commons recommended that neither Calthorpe nor Morley should be accepted as duly elected. However, the House voted down the motion against Morley and he was therefore able to take his seat as an MP.
But the matter was not closed. The following year the accusations were renewed, and the Commons voted that Morley should defend himself in the House against the accusation of bribery during his election. After his accuser, Thomas Jervoise
Thomas Jervoise
Sir Thomas Jervoise was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1621 and 1653. He was a staunch supporter of the Parliamentary side during the English Civil War....
, named seven agents who had assisted Morley in his corrupt practices and a petition against Morley from the unbribed voters of Hindon was presented, another vote was taken and this time the majority was in favour of invalidating Morley's election. However, they now went much further, proposing a bill to disfranchise Hindon altogether. This was not quite unprecedented (a similar measure had been proposed, unsuccessfully, for Stockbridge
Stockbridge (UK Parliament constituency)
Stockbridge was a parliamentary borough in Hampshire, which elected two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons from 1563 until 1832, when the borough was abolished by the Great Reform Act...
in 1689), but no such threat had ever been put into effect. In committee, the bill was amended so that rather than abolishing the borough outright it should be "thrown into the hundred" - that is, the boundaries of the borough would be extended to take in the whole of the neighbouring hundred of Downton, which would have abolished the borough in all but name, turning it into a much larger constituency where the majority of votes were cast on the land-owning franchise used in the counties. In this form the bill passed the Commons; but the House of Lords voted against it, so it could not become law. (Ironically, the man elected to fill the vacant seat after this reprieve was Thomas Jervoise.)
The election of "General Gold", 1774
Following this narrow escape, Hindon continued in its corrupt routine, candidates needing to spend considerable sums to secure election. For example, the accounts of Prime Minister NewcastleThomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, KG, PC was a British Whig statesman, whose official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century. He is commonly known as the Duke of Newcastle.A protégé of Sir Robert Walpole, he served...
, detailed by Namier, show £313 11s was spent on backing the government candidate in the Hindon by-election of 1756, William Mabbott, even though the contest was eventually not carried to a poll. Mabbott was apparently prepared to put up another £1000 of his own money if necessary.
In the second half of the 18th century, however, the political climate once more began to turn against open corruption, with Hindon's co-patron William Beckford
William Beckford (politician)
William Beckford was a well-known political figure in 18th century London, who twice held the office of Lord Mayor of London . His vast wealth came largely from his plantations in Jamaica...
(who sat as MP for the City of London
City of London (UK Parliament constituency)
The City of London was a United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1950.-Boundaries and boundary...
) being one of the leading spirits in the reform movement. The Hindon election of 1774, when little attempt seems to have been made to conceal the scale of the bribery, was among the most serious cases to come to light, and one of only two where the House of Commons itself voted to prosecute the miscreants (rather than leaving the matter to the normal legal processes).
Richard Smith, a local man who had made a fortune in India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
and was prepared to spend high to get into Parliament, began his campaign anonymously, a local parson distributing five guineas a man to voters to persuade them to support "General Gold". Another candidate, the radical Thomas Brand Hollis
Thomas Brand Hollis
Thomas Brand Hollis , born Thomas Brand, was a British political radical and dissenter.Thomas Brand was born the only son of Timothy Brand of Ingatestone, Essex and was educated at Felsted School, Trinity College, Cambridge, the Inner Temple and Glasgow University.In 1748-9 he toured Europe with...
, also appeared to challenge the Beckford and Calthorpe interest, while William Thomas Beckford
William Thomas Beckford
William Thomas Beckford , usually known as William Beckford, was an English novelist, a profligate and consummately knowledgeable art collector and patron of works of decorative art, a critic, travel writer and sometime politician, reputed to be the richest commoner in England...
, eccentric son of the original purchaser of Fonthill, and James Calthorpe
James Calthorpe
James Calthorpe, DL was a British politician and courtier.Calthorpe was born at Elmswell, Suffolk and was the eldest son and heir of Christopher Calthorpe and his wife, Elizabeth, née Kettleborough...
were the family candidates. By polling day, Smith, Brand Hollis and Calthorpe had each distributed 15 guineas a head; Beckford had given promises only (though that, of course, was just as illegal as actually paying out money).
After Smith and Brand Hollis topped the poll, Beckford and Calthorpe petitioned against the result. The committee declared the election void, and recommended that all four candidates should be prosecuted for bribery; the House accepted the committee's report, and ordered that the Attorney General
Attorney General for England and Wales
Her Majesty's Attorney General for England and Wales, usually known simply as the Attorney General, is one of the Law Officers of the Crown. Along with the subordinate Solicitor General for England and Wales, the Attorney General serves as the chief legal adviser of the Crown and its government in...
should prosecute and that no writ should be issued for a new election, so the borough's representation was suspended. Furthermore, a bill was introduced which would have disfranchised 190 of Hindon's 210 voters (listed by name), and thrown the borough into the hundred. This was no longer unthinkable: the same punishment had been visited on the Sussex
Sussex
Sussex , from the Old English Sūþsēaxe , is an historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. It is bounded on the north by Surrey, east by Kent, south by the English Channel, and west by Hampshire, and is divided for local government into West...
borough of New Shoreham
New Shoreham (UK Parliament constituency)
New Shoreham, sometimes simply called Shoreham, was a parliamentary borough centred on the town of Shoreham-by-Sea in what is now West Sussex...
for corruption three years earlier, and in the following decade was applied in Wiltshire to remedy the misdemeanours of Cricklade
Cricklade (UK Parliament constituency)
Cricklade was a parliamentary constituency named after the town of Cricklade in Wiltshire.From 1295 until 1885, Cricklade was a parliamentary borough, returning two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, previously to the House of Commons of...
. In this case, however, the proposal met considerable opposition and was eventually dropped, so Hindon survived again and a writ for a new election was issued.
At the new by-election, five candidates were nominated, and Smith was once again victorious together with Henry Dawkins; but, on petition, Smith was unseated once more. In the meanwhile, the bribery prosecution had proceeded, and both Smith and Brand Hollis had been convicted at Salisbury
Salisbury
Salisbury is a cathedral city in Wiltshire, England and the only city in the county. It is the second largest settlement in the county...
assizes, though Beckford and Calthorpe had been acquitted. Sentencing had been postponed, but a month after the second election both the offenders were fined £500 and jailed for six months.
Abolition
Hindon was abolished as a constituency by the Great Reform Act of 1832Reform Act 1832
The Representation of the People Act 1832 was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of England and Wales...
, after which Hindon became part of the South Wiltshire
South Wiltshire (UK Parliament constituency)
South Wiltshire, formally known as the Southern division of Wiltshire or Wiltshire Southern was a county constituency in the county of Wiltshire in South West England...
county division for subsequent elections.
1448-1640
| Parliament | First member | Second member |
|---|---|---|
| 1510-1523 | No names known | |
| 1529 | Sir John Hynde | John Baldwin John Baldwin (Chief Justice) His Worship Sir John Baldwin JP KS was a British justice. Details of his early career are sketchy; he joined the Inner Temple some time before 1500, and was practicing in the Court of Requests by 1506, followed by an appointment as a Justice of the Peace for Buckinghamshire in 1510... |
| 1536 | ?Thomas Lee I | ?Sir Ralph Sadler |
| 1539 | ? | |
| 1542 | ? | |
| 1545 | ? | |
| 1547 | John Story John Story Blessed John Story , English Roman Catholic martyr, was born the son of Nicholas Story of Salisbury and educated at Hinxsey Hall, University of Oxford, where he became lecturer on civil law in 1535, being made later principal of Broadgates Hall, afterwards Pembroke College.He appears to have... , disqualified and repl. 1549 by John Zouche then 1552 by John Sturgeon |
?John Choke |
| 1553 (Mar) | ? | |
| 1553 (Oct) | William Rastell William Rastell -Life:He was born in London. At the age of seventeen he went to the University of Oxford, but did not take a degree, being probably called home to superintend the printing business of his father John Rastell.... |
Oliver Vachell |
| 1554 (Apr) | Thomas Martyn Thomas Martyn (jurist) Thomas Martyn D.C.L. was an English jurist and controversialist, prominent in the trial of Thomas Cranmer.-Life:... |
John Bekinsau John Bekinsau -Life:He was born at Broadchalke, in Wiltshire, about 1496; his father was John Bekinsau, of Hartley Wespell, Hampshire. Bekinsau was educated at Winchester School, and proceeded to New College, Oxford; he was made Fellow of his college in 1520, and took the degree of M.A. in 1526... |
| 1554 (Nov) | Thomas Martyn Thomas Martyn (jurist) Thomas Martyn D.C.L. was an English jurist and controversialist, prominent in the trial of Thomas Cranmer.-Life:... |
John Heywood |
| 1555 | Thomas Martyn Thomas Martyn (jurist) Thomas Martyn D.C.L. was an English jurist and controversialist, prominent in the trial of Thomas Cranmer.-Life:... |
John Bekinsau John Bekinsau -Life:He was born at Broadchalke, in Wiltshire, about 1496; his father was John Bekinsau, of Hartley Wespell, Hampshire. Bekinsau was educated at Winchester School, and proceeded to New College, Oxford; he was made Fellow of his college in 1520, and took the degree of M.A. in 1526... |
| 1558 | John Gibbon | Henry Jones |
| 1559-1563 | William Aubrey William Aubrey William Aubrey was Regius Professor of Civil Law at the University of Oxford from 1553 to 1559, and was one of the founding Fellows of Jesus College, Oxford. He was also a MP.-Early life and Oxford University:... >- |
Henry Jones |
| 1562/3 | John Foster | George Acworth |
| 1571 | Miles Sandys, sat for Lancaster, replaced by Thomas Dabridgecourt |
Richard Polsted |
| 1584 | Valentine Dale Valentine Dale -Life:He supplicated the university of Oxford in 1541 for the degree of B.A., but does not appear to have been admitted. He was, however, elected a fellow of All Souls' College in 1542... , sat for Chichester replaced by John Marvyn |
Richard Zouche |
| 1586 | Richard Cosin Richard Cosin Richard Cosin was an English jurist. He became prominent as an ecclesiastical lawyer in the service of Archbishop John Whitgift, active against the Puritans in the Church of England.-Life:... |
|
| 1589 | John Marvyn | John Lyly |
| 1593 | Francis Zouche | Abraham Hartwell Abraham Hartwell Abraham Hartwell, the younger , was an English translator and antiquary, and Member of Parliament. Another Abraham Hartwell of the period was also an author, publishing Regina Literata in 1564, and the two have in the past been confused.-Life:A student of Trinity College, Cambridge, he graduated... |
| 1601 | Thomas Thynne Thomas Thynne (died 1639) Sir Thomas Thynne , of Longleat, Wiltshire, was an English landowner and member of parliament.Thynne was the son and heir of Sir John Thynne of Longleat, a knight of the shire, by his marriage to Joan Hayward, daughter of Sir Rowland Hayward, a Lord Mayor of London.Thynne first made his mark in May... |
Sir George Paule |
| 1604-1611 | Sir Edmund Ludlow Edmund Ludlow (died 1624) Sir Edmund Ludlow was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1571 and 1622.Ludlow was born before 1548, the eldest son of George Ludlow of Hill Deverill and his wife Edith, daughter of Andrew Windsor, 1st Baron Windsorof Stanwell, Middlesex. In... |
Thomas Thynne Thomas Thynne (died 1639) Sir Thomas Thynne , of Longleat, Wiltshire, was an English landowner and member of parliament.Thynne was the son and heir of Sir John Thynne of Longleat, a knight of the shire, by his marriage to Joan Hayward, daughter of Sir Rowland Hayward, a Lord Mayor of London.Thynne first made his mark in May... |
| 1614 | Sir Edmund Ludlow Edmund Ludlow (died 1624) Sir Edmund Ludlow was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1571 and 1622.Ludlow was born before 1548, the eldest son of George Ludlow of Hill Deverill and his wife Edith, daughter of Andrew Windsor, 1st Baron Windsorof Stanwell, Middlesex. In... |
Sir Edwin Sandys Edwin Sandys (American colonist) Sir Edwin Sandys was an English politician, a leading figure in the parliaments of James I of England. He was also one of the founders of the proprietary Virginia Company of London, which in 1607 established the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States in the colony of... , sat for Rochester Rochester (UK Parliament constituency) Rochester was a parliamentary constituency in Kent. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of England from 1295 to 1707, then to the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1708 to 1800, and finally to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801... repl. by (Sir) Henry Mervyn |
| 1621-1622 | Sir Edmund Ludlow Edmund Ludlow (died 1624) Sir Edmund Ludlow was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1571 and 1622.Ludlow was born before 1548, the eldest son of George Ludlow of Hill Deverill and his wife Edith, daughter of Andrew Windsor, 1st Baron Windsorof Stanwell, Middlesex. In... |
John Davies |
| 1624 | Lawrence Hyde Lawrence Hyde (MP for Hindon) Lawrence Hyde was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in two parliaments between 1624 and 1629.Hyde was the son of Sir Lawrence Hyde, of Heale, near Salisbury, Wiltshire. He was a student of Middle Temple in 1608 and matriculated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford on 9 March... |
Matthew Davies Matthew Davies (MP) Matthew Davies was an English or Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1604 and 1624.Davies was probably the brother of Sir John Davies, Serjeant at law. He was of the Middle Temple. In 1604, he was elected Member of Parliament for Cardiff. He was re-elected MP... |
| 1625 | Sir Thomas Thynne Thomas Thynne (died 1639) Sir Thomas Thynne , of Longleat, Wiltshire, was an English landowner and member of parliament.Thynne was the son and heir of Sir John Thynne of Longleat, a knight of the shire, by his marriage to Joan Hayward, daughter of Sir Rowland Hayward, a Lord Mayor of London.Thynne first made his mark in May... |
William Lambert |
| 1626 | Sir Thomas Thynne Thomas Thynne (died 1639) Sir Thomas Thynne , of Longleat, Wiltshire, was an English landowner and member of parliament.Thynne was the son and heir of Sir John Thynne of Longleat, a knight of the shire, by his marriage to Joan Hayward, daughter of Sir Rowland Hayward, a Lord Mayor of London.Thynne first made his mark in May... |
Thomas Lambert |
| 1628-1629 | Sir Thomas Thynne Thomas Thynne (died 1639) Sir Thomas Thynne , of Longleat, Wiltshire, was an English landowner and member of parliament.Thynne was the son and heir of Sir John Thynne of Longleat, a knight of the shire, by his marriage to Joan Hayward, daughter of Sir Rowland Hayward, a Lord Mayor of London.Thynne first made his mark in May... |
Lawrence Hyde Lawrence Hyde (MP for Hindon) Lawrence Hyde was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in two parliaments between 1624 and 1629.Hyde was the son of Sir Lawrence Hyde, of Heale, near Salisbury, Wiltshire. He was a student of Middle Temple in 1608 and matriculated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford on 9 March... |
| 1629–1640 | No Parliaments summoned | |
1640-1832
| Year | First member | First party | Second member | Second party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 1640 Short Parliament The Short Parliament was a Parliament of England that sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks.... |
George Garrett George Garrett (MP) Sir George Garrett was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1640.Garrett was secretary to Miles Fleetwood. In April 1640, he was elected Member of Parliament for Hindon in the Short Parliament.... |
Sir Miles Fleetwood Miles Fleetwood Sir Miles Fleetwood of Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire was receiver of the court of wards and politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1614 and 1641.Fleetwood was the son of Sir William Fleetwood Sir Miles Fleetwood of Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire ( died 8 March 1641) was receiver... |
||||
| November 1640 Long Parliament The Long Parliament was made on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and... |
Robert Reynolds Robert Reynolds (Attorney General) Sir Robert Reynolds was an English lawyer and Member of Parliament who served as Solicitor General and Attorney General during the Commonwealth period.... |
Parliamentarian | Sir Miles Fleetwood Miles Fleetwood Sir Miles Fleetwood of Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire was receiver of the court of wards and politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1614 and 1641.Fleetwood was the son of Sir William Fleetwood Sir Miles Fleetwood of Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire ( died 8 March 1641) was receiver... |
|||
| 1641 | Thomas Bennett Thomas Bennett (MP for Hindon) Thomas Bennett was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1641 to 1644.Bennett was the son of Thomas Bennett, of Pythouse, Wiltshire. He matriculated at Hart Hall, Oxford on 13 October 1637 aged 17.... |
Royalist | ||||
| 1644 | Bennett disabled from sitting - seat vacant | |||||
| 1645 | Disputed election not resolved - seat left vacant | |||||
| 1653 | Hindon was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament Barebones Parliament Barebone's Parliament, also known as the Little Parliament, the Nominated Assembly and the Parliament of Saints, came into being on 4 July 1653, and was the last attempt of the English Commonwealth to find a stable political form before the installation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector... and the First First Protectorate Parliament The First Protectorate Parliament was summoned by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the terms of the Instrument of Government. It sat for one term from 3 September 1654 until 22 January 1655 with William Lenthall as the Speaker of the House.... and Second Second Protectorate Parliament The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons... Parliaments of the Protectorate |
|||||
| January 1659 Third Protectorate Parliament The Third Protectorate Parliament sat for one session, from 27 January 1659 until 22 April 1659, with Chaloner Chute and Thomas Bampfylde as the Speakers of the House of Commons... |
Edmund Ludlow Edmund Ludlow Edmund Ludlow was an English parliamentarian, best known for his involvement in the execution of Charles I, and for his Memoirs, which were published posthumously in a rewritten form and which have become a major source for historians of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. After service in the English... |
Edward Tooker Edward Tooker Edward Tooker was an English lawyer, landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1654 and 1664.... |
||||
| May 1659 Rump Parliament The Rump Parliament is the name of the English Parliament after Colonel Pride purged the Long Parliament on 6 December 1648 of those members hostile to the Grandees' intention to try King Charles I for high treason.... |
Robert Reynolds Robert Reynolds (Attorney General) Sir Robert Reynolds was an English lawyer and Member of Parliament who served as Solicitor General and Attorney General during the Commonwealth period.... |
One seat vacant | ||||
| April 1660 | Sir George Grobham Howe Sir George Grobham Howe, 1st Baronet Sir George Grobham Howe, 1st Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1676.... |
Sir Thomas Thynne Thomas Thynne (died 1669) Sir Thomas Thynne was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660.Thynne was the second surviving son of Sir Thomas Thynne and his first wife Maria Tuchet, daughter of Lord Audley. He matriculated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford on 28 June 1620, aged 10. He entered Middle Temple in... |
||||
| 1661 Cavalier Parliament The Cavalier Parliament of England lasted from 8 May 1661 until 24 January 1679. It was the longest English Parliament, enduring for nearly 18 years of the quarter century reign of Charles II of England... |
Edward Seymour Sir Edward Seymour, 4th Baronet Sir Edward Seymour, of Berry Pomeroy, 4th Baronet, MP was a British nobleman, and a Royalist and Tory politician.-Life:... |
Tory | ||||
| 1677 | Robert Hyde | |||||
| February 1679 Habeas Corpus Parliament The Habeas Corpus Parliament, also known as the First Exclusion Parliament, was a short-lived English Parliament which assembled on 6 March 1679 during the reign of Charles II of England, the third parliament of the King's reign. It is named after the Habeas Corpus Act, which it enacted in May,... |
Richard Howe | Thomas Lambert Thomas Lambert Thomas Lambert is a Swiss freestyle skier. He was born in Mettmenstetten. He participated at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, where he placed 14th in aearials, and at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, where he placed 12th in aerials.... |
||||
| August 1679 | Sir Richard Grobham Howe Sir Richard Grobham Howe, 2nd Baronet Sir Richard Grobham Howe, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1656 and 1695.... |
|||||
| 1681 | John Thynne John Thynne Sir John Thynne was the steward to Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset and a member of parliament. He was the builder of Longleat House and his descendants became Marquesses of Bath.-Early life:... |
|||||
| 1685 | Robert Hyde | Thomas Lambert Thomas Lambert Thomas Lambert is a Swiss freestyle skier. He was born in Mettmenstetten. He participated at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, where he placed 14th in aearials, and at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, where he placed 12th in aerials.... |
||||
| 1689 | John Milner | |||||
| 1690 | Thomas Chafin | |||||
| 1691 | The Viscount Fitzhardinge | |||||
| 1695 | Sir Charles Morley | |||||
| 1697 | Colonel Henry Lee | |||||
| 1698 | Reynolds Calthorpe | Sir James Howe Sir James Howe, 2nd Baronet Sir James Howe, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1698 and to 1705.... |
||||
| May 1701 | George Morley | |||||
| November 1701 | Reynolds Calthorpe | |||||
| 1702 | Sir James Howe Sir James Howe, 2nd Baronet Sir James Howe, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1698 and to 1705.... |
|||||
| 1704 | Thomas Jervoise | |||||
| 1705 | George Morley | Reynolds Calthorpe | ||||
| 1708 | Sir James Howe Sir James Howe, 2nd Baronet Sir James Howe, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1698 and to 1705.... |
Edmund Lambert | ||||
| 1709 | Reynolds Calthorpe | |||||
| 1710 | George Morley | |||||
| 1711 | Henry Lee Warner Henry Lee Warner Henry Lee Warner was an English landowner and Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1711 to 1713.... |
|||||
| 1713 | Reynolds Calthorpe, junior | Richard Lockwood | ||||
| 1715 | Major-General George Wade George Wade Field Marshal George Wade served as a British military commander and Commander-in-Chief of the Forces.-Early career:Wade, born in Kilavally, Westmeath in Ireland, was commissioned into the Earl of Bath's Regiment in 1690 and served in Flanders in 1692, during the Nine Years War, earning a... |
Reynolds Calthorpe | ||||
| 1720 | Colonel John Pitt | |||||
| 1722 | Henry Ludlow Coker | Robert Gray | ||||
| 1727 | George Heathcote George Heathcote George Heathcote was an eighteenth century English politician and philanthropist who was a Member of Parliament and Lord Mayor of London.He was a nephew of Sir Gilbert Heathcote, 1st Baronet, Governor of the Bank of England... |
Townsend Andrews | ||||
| 1734 | Stephen Fox Stephen Fox-Strangways, 1st Earl of Ilchester Stephen Fox-Strangways, 1st Earl of Ilchester PC was a British peer and Member of Parliament.Ilchester was the son of Sir Stephen Fox and his second wife Christiana Hope. Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, was his younger brother and Charles James Fox his nephew... |
George Fox George Fox-Lane, 1st Baron Bingley George Lane-Fox, 1st Baron Bingley was a British peer and Tory politician.Born George Fox, he was the first son and heir of Henry Fox and his second wife, Hon. Frances née Lane, the daughter of George Lane, 1st Viscount Lanesborough. From 1734 to 1741, he was Member of Parliament for Hindon and... |
||||
| 1735 | Henry Fox Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, of Foxley, MP, PC was a leading British politician of the 18th century. He identified primarily with the Whig faction... |
|||||
| 1741 | Sir Henry Calthorpe | William Steele | ||||
| 1747 | Valens Comyn Valens Comyn Valens Comyn was an English merchant and administrator and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1747 to 1751.... |
Bisse Richards | ||||
| 1751 | Francis Blake Delaval Francis Blake Delaval Francis Blake Delaval may refer to* Francis Blake Delaval , naval officer* Sir Francis Blake Delaval , his son... |
|||||
| 1754 | James Dawkins | |||||
| 1756 | William Mabbott | |||||
| 1758 | James Calthorpe James Calthorpe James Calthorpe, DL was a British politician and courtier.Calthorpe was born at Elmswell, Suffolk and was the eldest son and heir of Christopher Calthorpe and his wife, Elizabeth, née Kettleborough... |
|||||
| 1761 | Professor William Blackstone William Blackstone Sir William Blackstone KC SL was an English jurist, judge and Tory politician of the eighteenth century. He is most noted for writing the Commentaries on the Laws of England. Born into a middle class family in London, Blackstone was educated at Charterhouse School before matriculating at Pembroke... |
Edward Morant | ||||
| 1768 | John St Leger Douglas John St Leger Douglas John St. Leger Douglas was an 18th century politician, a member of the House of Commons of Great Britain.He was Member of Parliament for Hindon from 1769, at a time when bribery was the norm in this constituency, til 1774, and Member of Parliament for Weobley 1774 - 23 May 1783, when he died.A... |
William Hussey | ||||
| 1774 | Richard Smith | Thomas Brand Hollis Thomas Brand Hollis Thomas Brand Hollis , born Thomas Brand, was a British political radical and dissenter.Thomas Brand was born the only son of Timothy Brand of Ingatestone, Essex and was educated at Felsted School, Trinity College, Cambridge, the Inner Temple and Glasgow University.In 1748-9 he toured Europe with... |
Radical | |||
| 1775 | Writ suspended - both seats vacant | |||||
| 1776 | Richard Smith | Henry Dawkins | ||||
| 1777 | Archibald Macdonald Archibald Macdonald Sir Archibald Macdonald, 1st Baronet was a British lawyer and politician.-Family:Archibald Macdonald was the posthumous son of Sir Alexander Macdonald, 7th Baronet, and younger brother of the 8th baronet , but was bought to England in the aftermath of Culloden to complete his education at... |
|||||
| 1780 | Lloyd Kenyon Lloyd Kenyon, 1st Baron Kenyon Lloyd Kenyon, 1st Baron Kenyon, PC, SL, KC was a British politician and barrister, who served as Attorney General, Master of the Rolls and Lord Chief Justice. Born to a country gentleman, he was initially educated in Hanmer before moving to Ruthin School aged 12... |
Nathaniel William Wraxall | ||||
| 1784 | William Egerton | Edward Bearcroft Edward Bearcroft Edward Bearcroft, KC was an English barrister, judge, and politician.Bearcroft, a member of the Inner Temple, was called to the bar on 24 November 1758 and made King's Counsel in 1772. He unsuccessfully contested Worcester in 1774, but was returned as Member of Parliament for Hindon in 1784... |
||||
| 1790 | William Beckford William Thomas Beckford William Thomas Beckford , usually known as William Beckford, was an English novelist, a profligate and consummately knowledgeable art collector and patron of works of decorative art, a critic, travel writer and sometime politician, reputed to be the richest commoner in England... |
James Adams | ||||
| 1795 | Thomas Wildman | |||||
| February 1796 | James Wildman | |||||
| May 1796 | Matthew Lewis | |||||
| 1802 | Thomas Wallace Thomas Wallace, 1st Baron Wallace Thomas Wallace, 1st Baron Wallace PC was an English politician.-Background:Wallace was the son of James Wallace , a barrister who served as Solicitor General for England and Wales and as Attorney General, by Elizabeth, only daughter and sole heiress of Thomas Simpson, Esquire, of Carleton Hall,... |
John Pedley | ||||
| 1806 | William Beckford William Thomas Beckford William Thomas Beckford , usually known as William Beckford, was an English novelist, a profligate and consummately knowledgeable art collector and patron of works of decorative art, a critic, travel writer and sometime politician, reputed to be the richest commoner in England... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
Benjamin Hobhouse | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
||
| 1818 | Frederick Gough-Calthorpe | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
||||
| 1820 | John Plummer | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
||||
| 1826 | George Matthew Fortescue | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
Arthur Gough-Calthorpe | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
||
| 1830 | John Weyland | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
||||
| 1831 | Edward John Stanley Edward Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley Edward John Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley PC , known as The Lord Eddisbury between 1848 and 1850, was a British politician.-Background:... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
||||
| 1832 United Kingdom general election, 1832 -Seats summary:-Parties and leaders at the general election:The Earl Grey had been Prime Minister since 22 November 1830. His was the first predominantly Whig administration since the Ministry of all the Talents in 1806-1807.... |
Constituency abolished | |||||
Notes