Holy Roman Empire - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Overview

The Holy Roman Empire was a realm (Reich
Reich
Reich is a German word cognate with the English rich, but also used to designate an empire, realm, or nation. The qualitative connotation from the German is " sovereign state." It is the word traditionally used for a variety of sovereign entities, including Germany in many periods of its history...

) that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe

Central Europe

Central Europe or alternatively Middle Europe is a region of the European continent lying between the variously defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe...

.
It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor

The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope...

. Its character changed during the Middle Ages

Middle Ages

The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...

and the Early Modern period

Early modern Europe

Early modern Europe is the term used by historians to refer to a period in the history of Europe which spanned the centuries between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century...

, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes. In its last centuries, its character became quite close to a union of territories.

The empire's territory was centered on the Kingdom of Germany

Kingdom of Germany

The Kingdom of Germany developed out of the eastern half of the former Carolingian Empire....

, and included neighbouring territories, which at its peak included the Kingdom of Italy

Kingdom of Italy (medieval)

The Kingdom of Italy was a political entity under control of Carolingian dynasty of Francia first, after the defeat of the Lombards in 774. It was finally incorporated as a part of the Holy Roman Empire in 962....

and the Kingdom of Burgundy

Kingdom of Arles

The Kingdom of Arles or Second Kingdom of Burgundy of the High Middle Ages was a Frankish dominion established in 933 from lands of the early medieval Kingdom of Burgundy at Arles...

.

Unanswered Questions

After Imperror Otto II , who become to Imparator and who was in this time Pope of Vatican? Thank's for help Algirdas

What were the main points of conflict in the meeting between roman and german cultures.

How was the economy of the ethopian empire like before the 1700s?

What was the result of these religious divisions? Who held authority to decide what religion a state adhered to? How did these divisions come about? ...

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Timeline

1209 Otto IV is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.

1346 Charles IV of Luxembourg is elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

1519 Charles V is elected Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

1555 After 18 months of siege, Siena surrenders to the Florentine-Imperial army. The Republic of Siena is incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.

1619 Ferdinand II is elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

1631 The city of Magdeburg in Germany is seized by forces of the Holy Roman Empire and most of its inhabitants massacred, in one of the bloodiest incidents of the Thirty Years' War.

1632 Battle of Rain; Swedes under Gustavus Adolphus defeat the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War.

1636 The Swedish Army defeats the armies of Saxony and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Wittstock.

1645 Thirty Years' War: the Second Battle of Nördlingen sees French forces defeating those of the Holy Roman Empire.

1697 The Treaty of Rijswijk is signed by France, England, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire and the Dutch Republic ending the Nine Years' War (1688–97).

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