Hong Xuezhi
Encyclopedia
Hong Xuezhi was a general in the Chinese Red Army and a politician in the Peoples Republic of China. He is the only person promoted to general both in 1955 and in 1988.
Province, Hong joined communist guerrilla in 1928 and the Chinese Communist Party in 1929. He gained power during the Encirclement Campaigns in the Chinese Civil War. In 1935, Hong joined the Long March
with the Fourth Red Army. Later he joined the Hundred Regiments Offensive
.
During the Korean War
, Hong was the deputy commander and director of logistics of the People's Volunteer Army
. He joined negotiating the Korean Armistice in 1953, and in 1955, he was promoted to the general rank, the highest rank in the army.
Hong was removed from his position in 1959 for his connection of Peng Dehuai
, the defense minister fired for criticizing Mao Zedong
’s Great Leap Forward
policies.
After the Cultural Revolution
, Hong was rehabilitated. He joined the Central Military Commission
and became the vice chairman of the 7th and 8th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
National Committees. In 1989, Hong retired from the position of the deputy secretary-general of the Central Military Commission
.
Hong married to Zhang Wen, with her they have three sons and five daughters, including Hong Hu, the Governor of the Jilin
Province between 1999 and 2004.
Biography
Born in Jinzhai county, AnhuiAnhui
Anhui is a province in the People's Republic of China. Located in eastern China across the basins of the Yangtze River and the Huai River, it borders Jiangsu to the east, Zhejiang to the southeast, Jiangxi to the south, Hubei to the southwest, Henan to the northwest, and Shandong for a tiny...
Province, Hong joined communist guerrilla in 1928 and the Chinese Communist Party in 1929. He gained power during the Encirclement Campaigns in the Chinese Civil War. In 1935, Hong joined the Long March
Long March
The Long March was a massive military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang army. There was not one Long March, but a series of marches, as various Communist armies in the south...
with the Fourth Red Army. Later he joined the Hundred Regiments Offensive
Hundred Regiments Offensive
The Hundred Regiments Offensive was a major campaign of the Communist Party of China's Red Army commanded by Peng Dehuai against the Imperial Japanese Army in Central China.-Background:...
.
During the Korean War
Korean War
The Korean War was a conventional war between South Korea, supported by the United Nations, and North Korea, supported by the People's Republic of China , with military material aid from the Soviet Union...
, Hong was the deputy commander and director of logistics of the People's Volunteer Army
People's Volunteer Army
The Chinese People's Volunteer Army was the armed forces deployed by the People's Republic of China during the Korean War. Although all units in the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army belonged to the People's Liberation Army , the People's Volunteer Army was separately constituted in order to...
. He joined negotiating the Korean Armistice in 1953, and in 1955, he was promoted to the general rank, the highest rank in the army.
Hong was removed from his position in 1959 for his connection of Peng Dehuai
Peng Dehuai
Peng Dehuai was a prominent military leader of the Communist Party of China, and China's Defence Minister from 1954 to 1959. Peng was an important commander during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Chinese civil war and was also the commander-in-chief of People's Volunteer Army in the Korean War...
, the defense minister fired for criticizing Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution...
’s Great Leap Forward
Great Leap Forward
The Great Leap Forward of the People's Republic of China was an economic and social campaign of the Communist Party of China , reflected in planning decisions from 1958 to 1961, which aimed to use China's vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a modern...
policies.
After the Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, commonly known as the Cultural Revolution , was a socio-political movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 through 1976...
, Hong was rehabilitated. He joined the Central Military Commission
Central Military Commission
A Central Military Commission or National Defense Commission is an organisation typical of Communist one-party states, responsible for supervising the nation's armed forces....
and became the vice chairman of the 7th and 8th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference [], shortened as 人民政协, Rénmín Zhèngxié, i.e. "People's PCC"; or just 政协, Zhèngxié, i.e. "The PCC"), abbreviated CPPCC, is a political advisory body in the People's Republic of China...
National Committees. In 1989, Hong retired from the position of the deputy secretary-general of the Central Military Commission
Central Military Commission
A Central Military Commission or National Defense Commission is an organisation typical of Communist one-party states, responsible for supervising the nation's armed forces....
.
Hong married to Zhang Wen, with her they have three sons and five daughters, including Hong Hu, the Governor of the Jilin
Jilin
Jilin , is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west...
Province between 1999 and 2004.