Horn, Switzerland
Encyclopedia
Horn is a municipality
in the district of Arbon
in the canton
of Thurgau
in Switzerland
. Horn is an exclave of Thurgau, enclaved in the canton of St. Gallen
.
of Horn. Until 1798 the city was under the court at Arbon, where the Bishop held the high and low courts
. The geographic and administrative municipalities were established in 1816, and in 1870 merged into a combined municipality.
Horn was in the parish
of Arbon. In 1877 a shared chapel
was established. Then, in 1911 the Catholic
parish was established, followed by a Reformed
parish in 1920.
In the 19 Century the local economy was dominated by fishing, weaving and handicrafts. In 1824 a steamship company began providing regular service, which allowed the economy to grow. Bad Horn in Horn was advertised as a spa and health resort. Towards the end of the 19th Century cattle, dairy farming and fruit growing became common in the municipality. After the opening of the SBB line Romanshorn-Rorschach in 1869, the bleaching company, Radun AG (1888), and the oil and fat factory Sais (1916–17), were established in Horn. By 1920, industrial companies displaced much of the agricultural sector. After Radun AG closed the mill in 1989 and the oil factory shut down in 2000, only H. Unisto AG (advertising) and Sabo Specialities, successor of Sais, continued to provide manufacturing jobs.
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 22.7% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 9.3%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 7.0% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 11.0%. Out of the forested land, 4.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.1% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 38.4% is used for growing crops, while 2.9% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Arbon, on Lake Constance
between Arbon
and Rorschach. It consists of the village of Horn.
(90.1%), with Italian
being second most common ( 2.7%) and Portugese
being third ( 1.5%).
, the gender distribution of the population was 50.2% male and 49.8% female. The population was made up of 1,034 Swiss men (40.5% of the population), and 246 (9.6%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,101 Swiss women (43.2%), and 170 (6.7%) non-Swiss women. In there were 18 live births to Swiss citizens and births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 28 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 10 while the foreign population decreased by 1. There was 1 Swiss man, 14 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 7 non-Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 94 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 22 people. This represents a population growth rate of 4.8%.
The age distribution, , in Horn is; 236 children or 9.1% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 284 teenagers or 11.0% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 287 people or 11.1% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 353 people or 13.7% are between 30 and 39, 445 people or 17.2% are between 40 and 49, and 356 people or 13.8% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 288 people or 11.1% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 187 people or 7.2% are between 70 and 79, there are 126 people or 4.9% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 22 people or 0.9% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 31.3% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 1,057 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 187 single family homes (or 59.0% of the total) out of a total of 317 inhabited buildings. There were 22 two family buildings (6.9%), 28 three family buildings (8.8%) and 80 multi-family buildings (or 25.2%). There were 656 (or 27.1%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 1,154 (or 47.7%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 128 (or 5.3%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 23 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 14 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 16 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 62 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 2.45%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 4.5 new units per 1000 residents. there were 1,132 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 381. There were 39 single room apartments and 112 apartments with six or more rooms. the average price to rent an average apartment in Horn was 1056.30 Swiss franc
s (CHF) per month (US$850, £480, €680 approx. exchange rate from 2000). The average rate for a one room apartment was 482.61 CHF (US$390, £220, €310), a two room apartment was about 806.76 CHF (US$650, £360, €520), a three room apartment was about 974.84 CHF (US$780, £440, €620) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 1509.00 CHF (US$1210, £680, €970). The average apartment price in Horn was 94.7% of the national average of 1116 CHF.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 39.71% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(22.13%), the FDP
(13.85%) and the SP
(12.23%). In the federal election, a total of 687 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 42.3%.
The historical population is given in the following table:
there were 1,599 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 863 or about 54.0% of the residents worked outside Horn while 711 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,447 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 8.2% used public transportation to get to work, and 51.6% used a private car.
there are 32 individuals (or about 1.32% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 36 individuals (or about 1.49% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There were 65 (or about 2.68% of the population) who are Islam
ic. There are 6 individuals (or about 0.25% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 211 (or about 8.72% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic
or atheist
, and 84 individuals (or about 3.47% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
Horn is home to the Horn primary and secondary school district
.In the 2008/2009 school year there are 193 students. There are 43 children in the kindergarten
, and the average class size is 21.5 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 22 or 51.2% are female, 4 or 9.3% are not Swiss citizens and 4 or 9.3% do not speak German natively. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and lasts for 6 years. There are 67 children in who are at the lower primary level and 83 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school is 18.75 students. At the lower primary level, there are 28 children or 41.8% of the total population who are female, 11 or 16.4% are not Swiss citizens and 9 or 13.4% do not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there are 36 or 43.4% who are female, 14 or 16.9% are not Swiss citizens and 13 or 15.7% do not speak German natively. At the secondary level, students are divided according to performance.
The secondary level begins at about age 12 and usually lasts 3 years. In Horn, there are 76 teenagers who are in special or remedial classes, of which 42 or 55.3% are female, 4 or 5.3% are not Swiss citizens and 4 or 5.3% do not speak German natively.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Arbon
Arbon (district)
Arbon District is one of the five districts of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. It has a population of .Its capital is the town of Arbon.The district contains the following municipalities:...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Thurgau
Thurgau
Thurgau is a northeast canton of Switzerland. The population, , is . In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 who were resident foreigners. The capital is Frauenfeld.-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. Horn is an exclave of Thurgau, enclaved in the canton of St. Gallen
Canton of St. Gallen
The Canton of St. Gallen is a canton of Switzerland. St. Gallen is located in the north east of Switzerland. It covers an area of 2,026 km², and has a population of . , the population included 97,461 foreigners, or about 20.9% of the total population. The capital is St. Gallen. Spelling...
.
History
Horn is first mentioned in 1155 as Horna. The Kehlhof in Horn was built in the 9th Century, probably for the Diocese of Constance. In 1463, the Bishop of Constance acquired the entire bailiwickBailiwick
A bailiwick is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and may also apply to a territory in which the sheriff's functions were exercised by a privately appointed bailiff under a royal or imperial writ. The word is now more generally used in a metaphorical sense, to indicate a sphere of...
of Horn. Until 1798 the city was under the court at Arbon, where the Bishop held the high and low courts
High, middle and low justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judiciary power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents....
. The geographic and administrative municipalities were established in 1816, and in 1870 merged into a combined municipality.
Horn was in the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Arbon. In 1877 a shared chapel
Simultaneum
A shared church, or Simultankirche, Simultaneum or, more fully, simultaneum mixtum, a term first coined in 16th century Germany, is a church in which public worship is conducted by adherents of two or more religious groups. Such churches became common in Europe in the wake of the Reformation...
was established. Then, in 1911 the Catholic
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
parish was established, followed by a Reformed
Swiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
parish in 1920.
In the 19 Century the local economy was dominated by fishing, weaving and handicrafts. In 1824 a steamship company began providing regular service, which allowed the economy to grow. Bad Horn in Horn was advertised as a spa and health resort. Towards the end of the 19th Century cattle, dairy farming and fruit growing became common in the municipality. After the opening of the SBB line Romanshorn-Rorschach in 1869, the bleaching company, Radun AG (1888), and the oil and fat factory Sais (1916–17), were established in Horn. By 1920, industrial companies displaced much of the agricultural sector. After Radun AG closed the mill in 1989 and the oil factory shut down in 2000, only H. Unisto AG (advertising) and Sabo Specialities, successor of Sais, continued to provide manufacturing jobs.
Geography
Horn has an area, , of 1.72 square kilometre (0.66409571277916 sq mi). Of this area, 0.71 km² (0.2741325326007 sq mi) or 41.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.15 km² (0.0579153237888803 sq mi) or 8.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.86 km² (0.33204785638958 sq mi) or 50.0% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.01 km² (2.5 acre) or 0.6% is either rivers or lakes and 0.01 km² (2.5 acre) or 0.6% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 22.7% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 9.3%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 7.0% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 11.0%. Out of the forested land, 4.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.1% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 38.4% is used for growing crops, while 2.9% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Arbon, on Lake Constance
Lake Constance
Lake Constance is a lake on the Rhine at the northern foot of the Alps, and consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee , the Untersee , and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein.The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps...
between Arbon
Arbon
Arbon may refer to:* Arbon, Haute-Garonne, French commune* Arbon, Switzerland* Arbon , in Switzerland* Arbon Valley, Idaho...
and Rorschach. It consists of the village of Horn.
Demographics
Horn has a population of , 16.3% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 2%. Most of the population speaks GermanGerman language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(90.1%), with Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
being second most common ( 2.7%) and Portugese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
being third ( 1.5%).
, the gender distribution of the population was 50.2% male and 49.8% female. The population was made up of 1,034 Swiss men (40.5% of the population), and 246 (9.6%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,101 Swiss women (43.2%), and 170 (6.7%) non-Swiss women. In there were 18 live births to Swiss citizens and births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 28 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 10 while the foreign population decreased by 1. There was 1 Swiss man, 14 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 7 non-Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 94 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 22 people. This represents a population growth rate of 4.8%.
The age distribution, , in Horn is; 236 children or 9.1% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 284 teenagers or 11.0% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 287 people or 11.1% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 353 people or 13.7% are between 30 and 39, 445 people or 17.2% are between 40 and 49, and 356 people or 13.8% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 288 people or 11.1% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 187 people or 7.2% are between 70 and 79, there are 126 people or 4.9% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 22 people or 0.9% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 31.3% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 1,057 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 187 single family homes (or 59.0% of the total) out of a total of 317 inhabited buildings. There were 22 two family buildings (6.9%), 28 three family buildings (8.8%) and 80 multi-family buildings (or 25.2%). There were 656 (or 27.1%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 1,154 (or 47.7%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 128 (or 5.3%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 23 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 14 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 16 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 62 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 2.45%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 4.5 new units per 1000 residents. there were 1,132 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 381. There were 39 single room apartments and 112 apartments with six or more rooms. the average price to rent an average apartment in Horn was 1056.30 Swiss franc
Swiss franc
The franc is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein; it is also legal tender in the Italian exclave Campione d'Italia. Although not formally legal tender in the German exclave Büsingen , it is in wide daily use there...
s (CHF) per month (US$850, £480, €680 approx. exchange rate from 2000). The average rate for a one room apartment was 482.61 CHF (US$390, £220, €310), a two room apartment was about 806.76 CHF (US$650, £360, €520), a three room apartment was about 974.84 CHF (US$780, £440, €620) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 1509.00 CHF (US$1210, £680, €970). The average apartment price in Horn was 94.7% of the national average of 1116 CHF.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 39.71% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(22.13%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(13.85%) and the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(12.23%). In the federal election, a total of 687 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 42.3%.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1850 | 403 |
| 1900 | 700 |
| 1950 | 1,288 |
| 1980 | 1,909 |
| 1990 | 2,218 |
| 2000 | 2,421 |
Economy
, Horn had an unemployment rate of 1.64%. , there were 22 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 350 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 28 businesses in this sector. 684 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 98 businesses in this sector.there were 1,599 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 863 or about 54.0% of the residents worked outside Horn while 711 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,447 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 8.2% used public transportation to get to work, and 51.6% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 1,161 or 48.0% were Roman Catholic, while 824 or 34.0% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 Old Catholics (or about 0.08% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church of SwitzerlandChristian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
there are 32 individuals (or about 1.32% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 36 individuals (or about 1.49% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There were 65 (or about 2.68% of the population) who are Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic. There are 6 individuals (or about 0.25% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 211 (or about 8.72% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....
or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
, and 84 individuals (or about 3.47% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Horn about 77.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
Horn is home to the Horn primary and secondary school district
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
.In the 2008/2009 school year there are 193 students. There are 43 children in the kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
, and the average class size is 21.5 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 22 or 51.2% are female, 4 or 9.3% are not Swiss citizens and 4 or 9.3% do not speak German natively. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and lasts for 6 years. There are 67 children in who are at the lower primary level and 83 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school is 18.75 students. At the lower primary level, there are 28 children or 41.8% of the total population who are female, 11 or 16.4% are not Swiss citizens and 9 or 13.4% do not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there are 36 or 43.4% who are female, 14 or 16.9% are not Swiss citizens and 13 or 15.7% do not speak German natively. At the secondary level, students are divided according to performance.
The secondary level begins at about age 12 and usually lasts 3 years. In Horn, there are 76 teenagers who are in special or remedial classes, of which 42 or 55.3% are female, 4 or 5.3% are not Swiss citizens and 4 or 5.3% do not speak German natively.