Hristo Makedonski
Encyclopedia
Hristo Nikolov Makedonski or Christo Makedonski (1835, Gorni Todorak, today Greece
- July 5, 1916, Ruse
, Bulgaria
) was a Bulgarian
hajduk
voivode and revolutionary
from Macedonia
.
(today Ano Theodoraki in Kroussa
municipality, Kilkis Prefecture
, Greece
), at that time part of the Ottoman Empire
. He studied at the Greek school in his village and has been engaged with trade. After permanent Turkish repressions he became haiduk in the band of Stoimen voivode acting in Maleshevo
. In 1862 he joined the First Bulgarian Legion of Georgi Rakovski in Belgrade
and fought with the Turks
in Belgrade. After the dissolution of the legion he arrived in Romania
. In 1864-1865 he led a small detachment, with which on the order of Rakovski made the round of western Bulgarian lands. Later, in the period 1867-1868 Makedonski took part in the Second Bulgarian Legion and after its disbanding in the spring of 1868, passed in Romania. In the same year he joined the band of Hadji Dimitar and Stefan Karadja. After the defeat of the band he escaped in Odessa
and then again transferred to Romania.
Hristo Makedonski participated in the preparation of Stara Zagora and the April
uprisings in 1875 and 1876. In Serbo-Turkish war of 1876 he was a commander of a detachment of Bulgarian volunteers and fought with Turkish troops in the region of Visok
and near Knjaževac
.
He died in Rousse in 1916.
Hristo Makedonski was a prototype of Makedonski - the character of the Ivan Vazov
's short novel "Nemili-nedragi" ("Outcasts").
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
- July 5, 1916, Ruse
Rousse
Ruse is the fifth-largest city in Bulgaria. Ruse is situated in the northeastern part of the country, on the right bank of the Danube, opposite the Romanian city of Giurgiu, from the capital Sofia and from the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast...
, Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
) was a Bulgarian
Bulgarians
The Bulgarians are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group native to Bulgaria and neighbouring regions. Emigration has resulted in immigrant communities in a number of other countries.-History and ethnogenesis:...
hajduk
Hajduk
Hajduk is a term most commonly referring to outlaws, highwaymen or freedom fighters in the Balkans, Central- and Eastern Europe....
voivode and revolutionary
Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor.-Definition:...
from Macedonia
Macedonia (region)
Macedonia is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe. Its boundaries have changed considerably over time, but nowadays the region is considered to include parts of five Balkan countries: Greece, the Republic of Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania, Serbia, as...
.
Biography
Hristo Makedonski was born in 1835 in the village of Gorni Todorak in the region of MacedoniaMacedonia (region)
Macedonia is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe. Its boundaries have changed considerably over time, but nowadays the region is considered to include parts of five Balkan countries: Greece, the Republic of Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania, Serbia, as...
(today Ano Theodoraki in Kroussa
Kroussa
Kroussa is a former municipality in Kilkis regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Kilkis, of which it is a municipal unit. It is located in the northeastern corner of the regional unit, bordering western Serres and northern Thessaloniki. Its...
municipality, Kilkis Prefecture
Kilkis Prefecture
Kilkis is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Macedonia. Its capital is the city of Kilkis.-Geography:The mountains near Kilkis are Paiko to the west, parts of the western part of Kerkini to the northeast and Krousia to the east...
, Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
), at that time part of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
. He studied at the Greek school in his village and has been engaged with trade. After permanent Turkish repressions he became haiduk in the band of Stoimen voivode acting in Maleshevo
Maleshevo
The Maleshevo Mountain or Maleševo Mountain is situated in southwestern Bulgaria and eastern Republic of Macedonia. It is the third of the five mountains of the Osogovo-Belasitsa mountain group, known also as the Western Border Mountains...
. In 1862 he joined the First Bulgarian Legion of Georgi Rakovski in Belgrade
Belgrade
Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...
and fought with the Turks
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
in Belgrade. After the dissolution of the legion he arrived in Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
. In 1864-1865 he led a small detachment, with which on the order of Rakovski made the round of western Bulgarian lands. Later, in the period 1867-1868 Makedonski took part in the Second Bulgarian Legion and after its disbanding in the spring of 1868, passed in Romania. In the same year he joined the band of Hadji Dimitar and Stefan Karadja. After the defeat of the band he escaped in Odessa
Odessa
Odessa or Odesa is the administrative center of the Odessa Oblast located in southern Ukraine. The city is a major seaport located on the northwest shore of the Black Sea and the fourth largest city in Ukraine with a population of 1,029,000 .The predecessor of Odessa, a small Tatar settlement,...
and then again transferred to Romania.
Hristo Makedonski participated in the preparation of Stara Zagora and the April
April Uprising
The April Uprising was an insurrection organised by the Bulgarians in the Ottoman Empire from April to May 1876, which indirectly resulted in the re-establishment of Bulgaria as an autonomous nation in 1878...
uprisings in 1875 and 1876. In Serbo-Turkish war of 1876 he was a commander of a detachment of Bulgarian volunteers and fought with Turkish troops in the region of Visok
Visok
Visok is a region in Serbia and in Bulgaria that lies between the main ranges of the Old Mountain and Vidlic Mountain. In Bulgaria is situated a small part of the eastern area of the region...
and near Knjaževac
Knjaževac
Knjaževac is a town and municipality situated in the eastern part of Serbia bordering the Republic of Bulgaria and is part of Timočka Krajina region. It is found between the latitudes of 43°20' and 43°45' north and between the longitudes 22°11' and 22°41' east. The town is situated between three...
.
He died in Rousse in 1916.
Hristo Makedonski was a prototype of Makedonski - the character of the Ivan Vazov
Ivan Vazov
Ivan Minchov Vazov was a Bulgarian poet, novelist and playwright, often referred to as "the Patriarch of Bulgarian literature". He was born in Sopot, a town in the Rose Valley of Bulgaria ....
's short novel "Nemili-nedragi" ("Outcasts").