Hulluch
Encyclopedia
Hulluch is a commune
in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France
.
, at the junction of the D947 and the D39 roads.
St Vaast called it Huluz in 1098, by 1136 it was written Hulut and Hullut 1180.
in 1202 Huluch and Huluc. In 1303, Hulus on a seal affixed to a document and finally Hulluch from 1388, (confirmed again in 1429 by archives of Artois. It is pronounced Ooloo, as the final ch is not pronounced.
The town already existed in the Gallo-Roman era. Some pottery from this period has been found while digging the basement of a house near the old Roman road.
Originally inhabited by the Morins, the enemy of Julius Caesar
, it was occupied by the Franks
well before the 10th century. The village was chosen as a Christian mission during the 4th and 5th centuries.
An early seigneur
built a simple castle with a donjon and outbuildings surrounded by fences and ditches. Around the year 1300, it is surrounded by stone walls, battlements, towers and a drawbridge. This medieval castle was burned, along with the village, by the Flemish in 1303, then bombarded by the Spanish. The succession of battles and invasions led to its demise, unable to withstand the tests of time andwars.
Rebuilt as a chateau by Baron de Bertoult, during the reign of Louis XIV, the chateau was richly decorated and surrounded by a beautiful park.
Unfortunately, the chateau was blown up by the Germans at the outset of World War I
, but afterwards replaced by a residential district, called "Clos du Chateau" to perpetuate the memory of the chateau.
Hulluch was on a part of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais coal seam and coalmining began here in 1902 and stopped in 1978. The slag heap
s from mining are now used to produce building materials.
Hulluch has suffered two world wars and has few ancient monuments. One can find some old buildings representing the style of the region, with bricks and clay tiles and sloping roofs. There are some farms that escaped the destruction. Some bunker
s remain in peoples’ gardens, remnants of World War I
.
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...
in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
Geography
An ex-coalmining town, now a farming commune, situated some 4 miles (6.4 km) north of LensLens, Pas-de-Calais
Lens is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France. It is one of France's large Picarde cities along with Lille, Valenciennes, Amiens, Roubaix, Tourcoing, Arras, and Douai.-Metropolitan area:...
, at the junction of the D947 and the D39 roads.
History
The chapter of Lens mentions Huluce in 1070 in a charter of Eustache de Boulogne.St Vaast called it Huluz in 1098, by 1136 it was written Hulut and Hullut 1180.
in 1202 Huluch and Huluc. In 1303, Hulus on a seal affixed to a document and finally Hulluch from 1388, (confirmed again in 1429 by archives of Artois. It is pronounced Ooloo, as the final ch is not pronounced.
The town already existed in the Gallo-Roman era. Some pottery from this period has been found while digging the basement of a house near the old Roman road.
Originally inhabited by the Morins, the enemy of Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
, it was occupied by the Franks
Franks
The Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
well before the 10th century. The village was chosen as a Christian mission during the 4th and 5th centuries.
An early seigneur
Lord
Lord is a title with various meanings. It can denote a prince or a feudal superior . The title today is mostly used in connection with the peerage of the United Kingdom or its predecessor countries, although some users of the title do not themselves hold peerages, and use it 'by courtesy'...
built a simple castle with a donjon and outbuildings surrounded by fences and ditches. Around the year 1300, it is surrounded by stone walls, battlements, towers and a drawbridge. This medieval castle was burned, along with the village, by the Flemish in 1303, then bombarded by the Spanish. The succession of battles and invasions led to its demise, unable to withstand the tests of time andwars.
Rebuilt as a chateau by Baron de Bertoult, during the reign of Louis XIV, the chateau was richly decorated and surrounded by a beautiful park.
Unfortunately, the chateau was blown up by the Germans at the outset of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, but afterwards replaced by a residential district, called "Clos du Chateau" to perpetuate the memory of the chateau.
Hulluch was on a part of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais coal seam and coalmining began here in 1902 and stopped in 1978. The slag heap
Slag heap
A spoil tip is a pile built of accumulated spoil - the overburden removed during coal and ore mining. These waste materials are generally composed of shale, as well as smaller quantities of carboniferous sandstone and various other residues...
s from mining are now used to produce building materials.
Bunker
A military bunker is a hardened shelter, often buried partly or fully underground, designed to protect the inhabitants from falling bombs or other attacks...
s remain in peoples’ gardens, remnants of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
.
Population
Places of interest
- The church of St.Laurent, rebuilt, as was most of the village, after the First World War.
- The Commonwealth War Graves CommissionCommonwealth War Graves CommissionThe Commonwealth War Graves Commission is an intergovernmental organisation of six independent member states whose principal function is to mark, record and maintain the graves, and places of commemoration, of Commonwealth of Nations military service members who died in the two World Wars...
cemetery.