Huma County
Encyclopedia
Huma County is a county in the far north of the Heilongjiang
province, People's Republic of China. The county seat is located on the right (southwestern) bank of the Amur River, a few kilometers upstream from the fall of the Huma River
(formerly also known as Houmar) into the Amur.
It is under the administration of the Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture.
The opposite side of the Amur River is in Russia
, where there is a village with the same name in Russified form, Kumara
n town in the Amur river region, founded in 1652 by Yerofey Khabarov
and his companions, during his retreat from Achansk, corresponding to the present-day Khabarovsk
, where he was besieged by Manchu
and Daur allied forces.
On 13 March 1655, the Komar fortress, defended by the ataman
Onufriy Stepanov
and his 500 Cossacks, was besieged by a Qing
army led by Mingandali (Ch: 明安达理) consisting of 10,000 men. The outnumbered defenders repulsed several assaults. The defeated Manchu lift the siege the following month (on 3 April 1655). The town was ceded to Qing Empire after the treaty of Nerchinsk
in 1689.
-influenced humid continental climate
(Köppen
Dwb) with very warm and humid summers and brutally cold and extremely dry winters. Although temperatures consistently averages above 10 °C (50 °F) from May to September, the mean annual temperature, at −1.01 °C, is low enough to form sporadic permafrost
on sheltered sites, which is unusual for areas with this climatic classification. More than 70% of the annual precipitation occurs from June to September.
Heilongjiang
For the river known in Mandarin as Heilong Jiang, see Amur River' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. "Heilongjiang" literally means Black Dragon River, which is the Chinese name for the Amur. The one-character abbreviation is 黑...
province, People's Republic of China. The county seat is located on the right (southwestern) bank of the Amur River, a few kilometers upstream from the fall of the Huma River
Huma River (China)
The Huma River is a right tributary on the northern loop of the Amur River in China's province of Heilongjiang. It starts in the Greater Khingan Mountains and flows in a general eastern and south-eastern direction, parallel and southwest of the Amur, until falling into the Amur in Huma County, at ,...
(formerly also known as Houmar) into the Amur.
It is under the administration of the Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture.
The opposite side of the Amur River is in Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, where there is a village with the same name in Russified form, Kumara
History
Kumarsk, the predecessor of the present-day Huma, was a fortified RussiaRussia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n town in the Amur river region, founded in 1652 by Yerofey Khabarov
Yerofey Khabarov
Yerofey Pavlovich Khabarov or Svyatitsky Erofej Pavlovič Chabarov , was a Russian entrepreneur and adventurer, best known for his exploring the Amur river region and his attempts to colonize the area for Russia...
and his companions, during his retreat from Achansk, corresponding to the present-day Khabarovsk
Khabarovsk
Khabarovsk is the largest city and the administrative center of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It is located some from the Chinese border. It is the second largest city in the Russian Far East, after Vladivostok. The city became the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia...
, where he was besieged by Manchu
Manchu
The Manchu people or Man are an ethnic minority of China who originated in Manchuria . During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels , they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which...
and Daur allied forces.
On 13 March 1655, the Komar fortress, defended by the ataman
Ataman
Ataman was a commander title of the Ukrainian People's Army, Cossack, and haidamak leaders, who were in essence the Cossacks...
Onufriy Stepanov
Onufriy Stepanov
Onufriy Stepanov was a Siberian Cossack and explorer of the Amur River. For background see Russian–Manchu border conflicts....
and his 500 Cossacks, was besieged by a Qing
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
army led by Mingandali (Ch: 明安达理) consisting of 10,000 men. The outnumbered defenders repulsed several assaults. The defeated Manchu lift the siege the following month (on 3 April 1655). The town was ceded to Qing Empire after the treaty of Nerchinsk
Treaty of Nerchinsk
The Treaty of Nerchinsk of 1689 was the first treaty between Russia and China. The Russians gave up the area north of the Amur River as far as the Stanovoy Mountains and kept the area between the Argun River and Lake Baikal. This border along the Argun River and Stanovoy Mountains lasted until...
in 1689.
Climate
Huma County has a monsoonMonsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
-influenced humid continental climate
Humid continental climate
A humid continental climate is a climatic region typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot summers and cold winters....
(Köppen
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
Dwb) with very warm and humid summers and brutally cold and extremely dry winters. Although temperatures consistently averages above 10 °C (50 °F) from May to September, the mean annual temperature, at −1.01 °C, is low enough to form sporadic permafrost
Permafrost
In geology, permafrost, cryotic soil or permafrost soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years. Ice is not always present, as may be in the case of nonporous bedrock, but it frequently occurs and it may be in amounts exceeding the potential hydraulic saturation of...
on sheltered sites, which is unusual for areas with this climatic classification. More than 70% of the annual precipitation occurs from June to September.
External links
- Map of Huma County
- http://www.epicbook.com/history/nibucu.html
