Hungarian ny
Encyclopedia
Ny is a digraph in a number of languages such as Catalan
, Hungarian
, Malay
, and Ganda. In most of these languages, including all of the ones named above, it denotes the palatal nasal
(/ɲ/).
It has had widespread use for languages of West Africa
, though in some countries the IPA letter, , is now used.
It is sometimes used in modern Spanish
where cannot be used, such as in earlier computer programming or Internet domain names.
has been a matter of debate since the first orthographic codification of the language (grafía de Uesca) in 1987 by the Consello d'a Fabla Aragonesa at a convention in Huesca
. Medieval Aragonese had used several different digraphs, but the two preferable options were ñ (as in Spanish) or ny (as in Catalan). Ñ was the one chosen and it has been used in almost all texts of the last decades, although the subject remained controversial, and some writers continued to promote the use of the digraph ny.
Ny is used in an alternative Aragonese orthography, the grafía SLA devised in 2004 by the Sociedat de Lingüistica Aragonesa in 2004. Some orthographic conventions might be revised by the Academia de l'Aragonés, created in 2006 but, , it had not decided on a single orthographic standard.
, ny is not considered a single letter but a consonantal digraph (n followed by y) to represent /ɲ/. The letter y in Catalan is only used to form ny and has no other purpose when writing the language.
We find this digraph in any position in a word: at the beginning (nyap "rubbish", nyaufar "to dent"...), intervocalic (Catalunya "Catalonia"; canya "reed", "steem"...) and at the end of a word (estany "lagoon", seny "sense"...).
alphabet
. It is pronounced (using English
pronunciation with letter romanization
) "eny" (IPA: /ɛɲ/) in the alphabet, but just "ny" (/ɲ/) when spoken in a word. In Hungarian, even if two characters are put together to make a different sound, they are considered one letter, and even acronyms keep the letter intact.
These examples are Hungarian words that use the letter ny, with the English translation following.
, ⟨ny⟩ represents the palatal nasal
/ɲ/. Until 1972, this digraph was spelled ⟨nj⟩. For example, Spain
is called Spanyol (compare with España in Spanish
).
. Despite this, the ny may be used in modern Spanish
where ñ is not available, such as in earlier computer programming or Internet domain names.
Similary, ny is also used in Judaeo-Spanish
.
Catalan language
Catalan is a Romance language, the national and only official language of Andorra and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and Valencian Community, where it is known as Valencian , as well as in the city of Alghero, on the Italian island...
, Hungarian
Hungarian language
Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe....
, Malay
Malay language
Malay is a major language of the Austronesian family. It is the official language of Malaysia , Indonesia , Brunei and Singapore...
, and Ganda. In most of these languages, including all of the ones named above, it denotes the palatal nasal
Palatal nasal
The palatal nasal is a type of consonant, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , a lowercase letter n with a leftward-pointing tail protruding from the bottom of the left stem of the letter. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is J...
(/ɲ/).
It has had widespread use for languages of West Africa
West Africa
West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of the African continent. Geopolitically, the UN definition of Western Africa includes the following 16 countries and an area of approximately 5 million square km:-Flags of West Africa:...
, though in some countries the IPA letter, , is now used.
It is sometimes used in modern Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
where cannot be used, such as in earlier computer programming or Internet domain names.
Aragonese
The writing of the palatal nasal in AragoneseAragonese language
Aragonese is a Romance language now spoken in a number of local varieties by between 10,000 and 30,000 people over the valleys of the Aragón River, Sobrarbe and Ribagorza in Aragon, Spain...
has been a matter of debate since the first orthographic codification of the language (grafía de Uesca) in 1987 by the Consello d'a Fabla Aragonesa at a convention in Huesca
Huesca
Huesca is a city in north-eastern Spain, within the autonomous community of Aragon. It is also the capital of the Spanish province of the same name and the comarca of Hoya de Huesca....
. Medieval Aragonese had used several different digraphs, but the two preferable options were ñ (as in Spanish) or ny (as in Catalan). Ñ was the one chosen and it has been used in almost all texts of the last decades, although the subject remained controversial, and some writers continued to promote the use of the digraph ny.
Ny is used in an alternative Aragonese orthography, the grafía SLA devised in 2004 by the Sociedat de Lingüistica Aragonesa in 2004. Some orthographic conventions might be revised by the Academia de l'Aragonés, created in 2006 but, , it had not decided on a single orthographic standard.
Catalan
In CatalanCatalan language
Catalan is a Romance language, the national and only official language of Andorra and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and Valencian Community, where it is known as Valencian , as well as in the city of Alghero, on the Italian island...
, ny is not considered a single letter but a consonantal digraph (n followed by y) to represent /ɲ/. The letter y in Catalan is only used to form ny and has no other purpose when writing the language.
We find this digraph in any position in a word: at the beginning (nyap "rubbish", nyaufar "to dent"...), intervocalic (Catalunya "Catalonia"; canya "reed", "steem"...) and at the end of a word (estany "lagoon", seny "sense"...).
Hungarian
Ny is the twenty-third letter of the HungarianHungarian language
Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe....
alphabet
Hungarian alphabet
The Hungarian alphabet is an extension of the Latin alphabet used for writing the Hungarian language.One sometimes speaks of the smaller and greater Hungarian alphabets, depending on whether or not the letters Q, W, X, Y are listed, which can only be found in foreign words and traditional...
. It is pronounced (using English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
pronunciation with letter romanization
Romanization
In linguistics, romanization or latinization is the representation of a written word or spoken speech with the Roman script, or a system for doing so, where the original word or language uses a different writing system . Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written...
) "eny" (IPA: /ɛɲ/) in the alphabet, but just "ny" (/ɲ/) when spoken in a word. In Hungarian, even if two characters are put together to make a different sound, they are considered one letter, and even acronyms keep the letter intact.
These examples are Hungarian words that use the letter ny, with the English translation following.
- anya = mother
- enyém = mine
- annyi = so much
- anyós = mother-in-law
- ernyő = umbrella
- zsivány = knave
Indonesian
In IndonesianIndonesian language
Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia. Indonesian is a normative form of the Riau Islands dialect of Malay, an Austronesian language which has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries....
, ⟨ny⟩ represents the palatal nasal
Palatal nasal
The palatal nasal is a type of consonant, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , a lowercase letter n with a leftward-pointing tail protruding from the bottom of the left stem of the letter. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is J...
/ɲ/. Until 1972, this digraph was spelled ⟨nj⟩. For example, Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
is called Spanyol (compare with España in Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
).
Spanish
In Old Spanish scripts the graph ny was widely used, along with nn and ni, to represent the same palatal sound as Catalan, [ɲ]; however since standardization its usage has been replaced by ñÑ
Ñ is a letter of the modern Latin alphabet, formed by an N with a diacritical tilde. It is used in the Spanish alphabet, Galician alphabet, Asturian alphabet, Basque alphabet, Aragonese old alphabet , Filipino alphabet, Chamorro alphabet and the Guarani alphabet, where it represents...
. Despite this, the ny may be used in modern Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
where ñ is not available, such as in earlier computer programming or Internet domain names.
Similary, ny is also used in Judaeo-Spanish
Judaeo-Spanish
Judaeo-Spanish , in Israel commonly referred to as Ladino, and known locally as Judezmo, Djudeo-Espanyol, Djudezmo, Djudeo-Kasteyano, Spaniolit and other names, is a Romance language derived from Old Spanish...
.