Hyacinthe Jadin
Encyclopedia
Hyacinthe Jadin was a French
composer who came from a distinguished musical family. His uncle Georges Jadin was a composer in Versailles and Paris, along with his father Jean Jadin, who had also played bassoon
for the French Royal Orchestra. He was one of five musically gifted brothers, the most famous of which was Louis-Emmanuel Jadin
.
Jadin was a pupil of Nicolas Joseph Hüllmandel, who belonged to the famous École des Pianistes Parisiens (School of Pianists in Paris). Hüllmandel himself was a student of C.P.E. Bach
, and was an excellent teacher who brought out Jadin's pianistic brilliance. At the age of 9, Jadin’s first composition, a Rondo
for piano, was published in the Journal de Clavecin. By the age of thirteen, Jadin had premiered his first work with the Concert Spirituel
.
The times in which Jadin lived dictated to a large degree his chance at musical greatness. In 1789, the same year of his public performance premiere, the French Revolution
broke out. The Revolution provided some work for Jadin, as the demand for theatre and music that reflected the values of the Revolution increased.
He took a job in 1792 as assistant rehearsal pianist (Rezizativbegleiter) at the Theatre Feydeau
. In this year he composed the Marche du siège de Lille ("March of the Siege of Lille"), commemorating the successful resistance of the citizens of Lille
when besieged by Austrian forces, a highly publicised event at the time.
In 1794, after Robespierre’s Great Terror
claimed the life of Jean-Frédéric Edelmann
, another member of the École des Pianistes Parisiens, Hüllmandel fled France, leaving Jadin behind. In the same year, Jadin published an overture for 13 wind instruments entitled Hymn to the 21st of January. The piece commemorated the one-year anniversary of the execution of Citizen Capet (the name given to Louis XVI during his trial for treason). In 1795, he began teaching a female piano class at the Paris Conservatoire.
From 1795 to 1800, Jadin was plagued by tuberculosis
. His sickness was serious enough that Napoleon Bonaparte himself excused Jadin from military service. Similar to how the French Revolution presented an inevitable obstacle to Jadin’s musical greatness, the state of medicine in the late 18th century prevented him from living long enough to have as profound an impact on music as he otherwise could have. Tuberculosis at this time was almost a certain death sentence, and he gave his last public concert on September 22, 1799, before dying the following year. At the time of his death, he was impoverished – still owed several months’ salary by the Paris conservatory – another consequence of the constant political unrest that marked the place and time in which he lived.
; his piano sonatas in particular display a proto-Romanticism
, which in parts both rejected and extended the heritage of his Classical
predecessors.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
composer who came from a distinguished musical family. His uncle Georges Jadin was a composer in Versailles and Paris, along with his father Jean Jadin, who had also played bassoon
Bassoon
The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that typically plays music written in the bass and tenor registers, and occasionally higher. Appearing in its modern form in the 19th century, the bassoon figures prominently in orchestral, concert band and chamber music literature...
for the French Royal Orchestra. He was one of five musically gifted brothers, the most famous of which was Louis-Emmanuel Jadin
Louis-Emmanuel Jadin
Louis-Emmanuel Jadin was a French composer, pianist and harpsichordist.Jadin was born in Versailles. He learned piano from his brother Hyacinthe Jadin and later worked at the Théâtre de Monsieur. His first opera was staged in Versailles in 1788. The following year he took the position of second...
.
Jadin was a pupil of Nicolas Joseph Hüllmandel, who belonged to the famous École des Pianistes Parisiens (School of Pianists in Paris). Hüllmandel himself was a student of C.P.E. Bach
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach
right|250pxCarl Philipp Emanuel Bach was a German Classical period musician and composer, the fifth child and second son of Johann Sebastian Bach and Maria Barbara Bach...
, and was an excellent teacher who brought out Jadin's pianistic brilliance. At the age of 9, Jadin’s first composition, a Rondo
Rondo
Rondo, and its French equivalent rondeau, is a word that has been used in music in a number of ways, most often in reference to a musical form, but also to a character-type that is distinct from the form...
for piano, was published in the Journal de Clavecin. By the age of thirteen, Jadin had premiered his first work with the Concert Spirituel
Concert Spirituel
The Concert Spirituel was one of the first public concert series in existence. The concerts began in Paris in 1725 and ended in 1790; later, concerts or series of concerts of the same name occurred in Paris, Vienna, London and elsewhere...
.
The times in which Jadin lived dictated to a large degree his chance at musical greatness. In 1789, the same year of his public performance premiere, the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
broke out. The Revolution provided some work for Jadin, as the demand for theatre and music that reflected the values of the Revolution increased.
He took a job in 1792 as assistant rehearsal pianist (Rezizativbegleiter) at the Theatre Feydeau
Théâtre Feydeau
The Théâtre Feydeau, , a former Parisian theatre company, was founded in 1789 with the patronage of Monsieur, Comte de Provence , and was therefore initially named the Théâtre de Monsieur...
. In this year he composed the Marche du siège de Lille ("March of the Siege of Lille"), commemorating the successful resistance of the citizens of Lille
Lille
Lille is a city in northern France . It is the principal city of the Lille Métropole, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the country behind those of Paris, Lyon and Marseille. Lille is situated on the Deûle River, near France's border with Belgium...
when besieged by Austrian forces, a highly publicised event at the time.
In 1794, after Robespierre’s Great Terror
Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror , also known simply as The Terror , was a period of violence that occurred after the onset of the French Revolution, incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobins, and marked by mass executions of "enemies of...
claimed the life of Jean-Frédéric Edelmann
Jean-Frédéric Edelmann
Jean-Frédéric Edelmann was a French classical composer. He was born in Strasbourg but, after studying law and music, he moved to Paris in 1774 where he played and taught the piano. It is possible that Edelmann worked for some time in London. During the French Revolution he was appointed...
, another member of the École des Pianistes Parisiens, Hüllmandel fled France, leaving Jadin behind. In the same year, Jadin published an overture for 13 wind instruments entitled Hymn to the 21st of January. The piece commemorated the one-year anniversary of the execution of Citizen Capet (the name given to Louis XVI during his trial for treason). In 1795, he began teaching a female piano class at the Paris Conservatoire.
From 1795 to 1800, Jadin was plagued by tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
. His sickness was serious enough that Napoleon Bonaparte himself excused Jadin from military service. Similar to how the French Revolution presented an inevitable obstacle to Jadin’s musical greatness, the state of medicine in the late 18th century prevented him from living long enough to have as profound an impact on music as he otherwise could have. Tuberculosis at this time was almost a certain death sentence, and he gave his last public concert on September 22, 1799, before dying the following year. At the time of his death, he was impoverished – still owed several months’ salary by the Paris conservatory – another consequence of the constant political unrest that marked the place and time in which he lived.
Works
While chamber music formed a large part of Jadin’s creative career, he is most well-known for his progressive style of piano composition. Jadin's works anticipated the music of Franz SchubertFranz Schubert
Franz Peter Schubert was an Austrian composer.Although he died at an early age, Schubert was tremendously prolific. He wrote some 600 Lieder, nine symphonies , liturgical music, operas, some incidental music, and a large body of chamber and solo piano music...
; his piano sonatas in particular display a proto-Romanticism
Romanticism
Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
, which in parts both rejected and extended the heritage of his Classical
Classical music
Classical music is the art music produced in, or rooted in, the traditions of Western liturgical and secular music, encompassing a broad period from roughly the 11th century to present times...
predecessors.
Orchestra
- Piano ConcertoPiano concertoA piano concerto is a concerto written for piano and orchestra.See also harpsichord concerto; some of these works are occasionally played on piano...
No. 1 (1796–97)- Allegro brillante
- Adagio
- Rondeau - Allegretto
- Piano Concerto No. 2 in D minor (1796), accompaniedAccompanimentIn music, accompaniment is the art of playing along with an instrumental or vocal soloist or ensemble, often known as the lead, in a supporting manner...
by 2 violinViolinThe violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....
s, violaViolaThe viola is a bowed string instrument. It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.- Form :The viola is similar in material and construction to the violin. A full-size viola's body is between and longer than the body of a full-size violin , with an average...
, double bassDouble bassThe double bass, also called the string bass, upright bass, standup bass or contrabass, is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra, with strings usually tuned to E1, A1, D2 and G2...
, fluteFluteThe flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind family. Unlike woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air across an opening...
s, oboeOboeThe oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. In English, prior to 1770, the instrument was called "hautbois" , "hoboy", or "French hoboy". The spelling "oboe" was adopted into English ca...
s, bassoonBassoonThe bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that typically plays music written in the bass and tenor registers, and occasionally higher. Appearing in its modern form in the 19th century, the bassoon figures prominently in orchestral, concert band and chamber music literature...
s, and hornsHorn (instrument)The horn is a brass instrument consisting of about of tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. A musician who plays the horn is called a horn player ....
- Allegro moderato
- Adagio
- Rondo - Allegro
- Piano Concerto No. 3 in A (1798), accompanied by 2 violins, viola, double bass, 2 flutes, 2 bassoons, and 2 horns
- Allegro moderato
- Rondo - Allegro
Wind Orchestra
- Hymne du vingt-un janvier (1794), based on text by Charles Le BrunCharles Le BrunCharles Le Brun , a French painter and art theorist, became the all-powerful, peerless master of 17th-century French art.-Biography:-Early life and training:...
- Chanson pour la fête de l'agriculture (1796), based on text by Ange Etienne Xavier Poisson de Lachabeaussière
- Ouverture pour instruments à vent (1796)
- Hymne du dix germinal, based on text by Théodore Désorgues
Stage
- Le testament mal-entendu (1793), comédie mêlée d'ariettesComédie mêlée d'ariettesComédie mêlée d'ariettes is a form of French opéra comique that developed in the mid 18th century following the Querelle des Bouffons dispute over the respective merits of the French and Italian styles, between serious drama and comedy in opera.The best-known ones are Christoph Willibald Gluck's...
in 2 acts, librettoLibrettoA libretto is the text used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata, or musical. The term "libretto" is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as mass, requiem, and sacred cantata, or even the story line of a...
by François Guillaume Ducray-DuminilFrançois Guillaume Ducray-DuminilFrançois Guillaume Ducray-Duminil, born in 1761 in Paris, died on 29 October 1819 in Ville-d'Avray, was a French novelist.-Career:From 1790 onward, Ducray-Duminil was the literary editor of Les Petites Affiches where he was known for the great forbearance of his reviews... - Cange ou Le commissionnaire de Lazare (1794), fait historique in 1 act, libretto by André-Pépin Bellement
Piano
- RondoRondoRondo, and its French equivalent rondeau, is a word that has been used in music in a number of ways, most often in reference to a musical form, but also to a character-type that is distinct from the form...
(1785) - Piano (or Harpsichord) SonataPiano sonataA piano sonata is a sonata written for a solo piano. Piano sonatas are usually written in three or four movements, although some piano sonatas have been written with a single movement , two movements , five or even more movements...
No. 1 in D (1794), accompanied by violin- Allegro
- Andantino un poco allegretto
- Menuet: Allegro
- Final: Presto
- Piano (or Harpsichord) Sonata No. 2 in B-flat (1794), accompanied by violin
- Allegro fieramente
- Rondo: Allegretto non tropo
- Piano (or Harpsichord) Sonata No. 3 in F minor (1794), accompanied by violin
- Allegretto poco agitato
- Adagio
- Menuet: Allegro
- Rondo: Allegro non tropo
- Piano Sonatas, op. 3 nos. 1-3 (1795)
- Piano Sonata in B-flat, op. 4 no. 1 (1795)
- Allegro
- Andante
- Finale: Presto
- Piano Sonata in F-sharp minor, op. 4 no. 2 (1795)
- Allegro motto
- Menuet - Trio
- Finale: Allegro
- Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor, op. 4 no. 3 (1795)
- Allegro moderato
- Adagio
- Rondeau: Allegretto
- Piano Sonata in F minor, op. 5 no. 1 (1795)
- Allegro moderato
- Adagio
- Final: Allegro
- Piano Sonata in D, op. 5 no. 2 (1795)
- Allegro
- Andante
- Final: Presto
- Piano Sonata in C minor, op. 5 no. 3 (1795)
- Allegro maestoso
- Andante
- Allegro
- DuoDuet (music)A duet is a musical composition for two performers. In classical music, the term is most often used for a composition for two singers or pianists; with other instruments, the word duo is also often used. A piece performed by two pianists performing together on the same piano is referred to as...
in F (1796), for four hands- Allegro brillante
- Andante
- Rondo: Allegro
- Piano Sonata in C minor, op. 6 no. 1 (1800)
- Allegro moderato
- Andante sostenuto
- Final: Allegro
- Piano Sonata in A, op. 6 no. 2 (1800)
- Andante
- Rondeau: Allegretto
- Piano Sonata in F, op. 6 no. 3 (1800)
- Allegro moderato
- Adagio
- Allegro assai
Chamber
- String QuartetString quartetA string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string players – usually two violin players, a violist and a cellist – or a piece written to be performed by such a group...
s for 2 violins, viola, and violoncello- B-flat, op. 1 no. 1 (1795)
- Largo - Allegro non troppo
- Adagio
- Menuet - Trio
- Finale - Allegro
- A, op. 1 no. 2 (1795)
- Allegro
- Menuet - Trio
- Pastoral Andante
- Finale
- F minor, op. 1 no. 3 (1795)
- Allegro moderato
- Menuet
- Adagio
- Polonaise
- E-flat, op. 2 no. 1 (1796)
- Largo - allegro moderato
- Adagio
- Menuetto
- Allegro Finale
- B minor, op. 2 no. 2 (1796)
- Allegro
- Menuetto
- Adagio non troppo
- Allegro Finale
- C, op. 2 no. 3 (1796)
- Allegro
- Andante
- Menuetto
- Presto Finale
- C, op. 3 no. 1 (1797)
- Allegro moderato
- Adagio
- Menuette - Andante
- Presto Finale
- E, op. 3 no. 2 (1797)
- Allegro moderato
- Menuet
- Adagio
- Allegro
- A minor, op. 3 no. 3 (1797)
- Allegro moderato
- Adagio
- Menuet
- Finale
- G, op. 4 no. 1 (1798)
- Allegro moderato
- Rondo Allegro
- F, op. 4 no. 2 (1798)
- Allegro non troppo
- Minuetto Trio
- Adagio molto
- Allegro assai
- D, op. 4 no. 3 (1798)
- Largo - Allegro moderato
- Minuetto
- Andante
- Finale Allegro
- String TrioString trioA string trio is a group of three string instruments or a piece written for such a group. The term is generally used with reference to works of chamber music from the Classical period to the present.-History:...
s books 1 & 2 for violin, viola, and violoncello.- E flat major, op. 2 no. 1
- Allegro moderato
- Menuet
- Siciliane
- Finale: Allegro
- G major, op. 2 no. 2
- Allegro
- Menuet
- Finale: Allegro
- F major, op. 2 no. 3
- Allegro
- Menuet: Andante/ Trio: Allegro
- Adagio
- Rondeau: Allegro
Vocal
- Marche du siège de Lille (1792) for voice and piano (or harpHarpThe harp is a multi-stringed instrument which has the plane of its strings positioned perpendicularly to the soundboard. Organologically, it is in the general category of chordophones and has its own sub category . All harps have a neck, resonator and strings...
) - Romance à la lune (1796) for voice and piano (or harp)
- Le tombeau de Sophie (1796) for voice and harpsichordHarpsichordA harpsichord is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. It produces sound by plucking a string when a key is pressed.In the narrow sense, "harpsichord" designates only the large wing-shaped instruments in which the strings are perpendicular to the keyboard...
(or harp)