Hydroxylysine
Encyclopedia
5-Hydroxylysine is an amino acid
with the molecular formula C6H14N2O3. It was first discovered in 1921 by Donald Van Slyke
. It is a hydroxy
derivative of lysine
. It is most widely known as a component of collagen
.
It is biosynthesized from lysine via oxidation by the enzyme lysyl hydroxylase
.
Amino acid
Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group and a side-chain that varies between different amino acids. The key elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen...
with the molecular formula C6H14N2O3. It was first discovered in 1921 by Donald Van Slyke
Donald Van Slyke
Donald Dexter Van Slyke was a renowned Dutch American biochemist. His achievements included the publication of 317 journal articles and 5 books, as well as numerous awards, among them the National Medal of Science and the first AMA Scientific Achievement Award.-Early days and education:Van Slyke...
. It is a hydroxy
Hydroxyl
A hydroxyl is a chemical group containing an oxygen atom covalently bonded with a hydrogen atom. In inorganic chemistry, the hydroxyl group is known as the hydroxide ion, and scientists and reference works generally use these different terms though they refer to the same chemical structure in...
derivative of lysine
Lysine
Lysine is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH4NH2. It is an essential amino acid, which means that the human body cannot synthesize it. Its codons are AAA and AAG....
. It is most widely known as a component of collagen
Collagen
Collagen is a group of naturally occurring proteins found in animals, especially in the flesh and connective tissues of mammals. It is the main component of connective tissue, and is the most abundant protein in mammals, making up about 25% to 35% of the whole-body protein content...
.
It is biosynthesized from lysine via oxidation by the enzyme lysyl hydroxylase
Lysyl hydroxylase
Lysyl hydroxylase is an oxygenase enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysine to hydroxylysine. This reaction is necessary to the formation and stabilization of collagen. It takes place following protein synthesis...
.