ICU scoring systems
Encyclopedia
Adult scoring systems
- APACHE IIAPACHE IIAPACHE II is a severity-of-disease classification system , one of several ICU scoring systems...
was designed to provide a morbidity scoreRaw scoreIn statistics and data analysis, a raw score is an original datum that has not been transformed. This may include, for example, the original result obtained by a student on a test as opposed to that score after transformation to a standard score or percentile rank or the like.Often the conversion...
for a patient. It is useful to decide what kind of treatment or medicine is given. Methods exist to derive a predicted mortalityDeathDeath is the permanent termination of the biological functions that sustain a living organism. Phenomena which commonly bring about death include old age, predation, malnutrition, disease, and accidents or trauma resulting in terminal injury....
from this score, but these methods are not too well defined and rather imprecise.- APACHE III is an updated version.
- SAPS IISAPS IISAPS II is a severity of disease classification system . Its name stands for "Simplified Acute Physiology Score", and is one of several ICU scoring systems.-Application:...
was designed to provide a predicted mortality, that does not reflect the expected mortality for a particular patient, but is good for benchmarkingBenchmarkingBenchmarking is the process of comparing one's business processes and performance metrics to industry bests and/or best practices from other industries. Dimensions typically measured are quality, time and cost...
. In a rather simple way, it makes it possible to provide a single number that describes the morbidity of a number of patients. - SAPS IIISAPS IIISAPS III is a system for predicting mortality, one of several ICU scoring systems. Its name stands for "Simplified Acute Physiology Score" and is a supplement to the SAPS II scoring system. It has been designed to provide a real-life predicted mortality for a patient by following a well defined...
was designed to provide a realistic predicted mortality for a particular patient or a particular group of patients. It does this by calibratingCalibrationCalibration is a comparison between measurements – one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device....
against known mortalities on an existing set of patients, for a specific definition of mortality (like 30-days mortality). This way, it can answer questions like "Did we improve our quality of care from 2004 to 2005?" or "If hospital A's patients had been treated at hospital B, would they have a better or a worse mortality?".
Children scoring systems
- PIM2PIM2PIM2 is a scoring system for rating the severity of medical illness for children, one of several ICU scoring systems. Its name stands for "Paediatric Index of Mortality". It has been designed to provide a predicted mortality for a patient by following a well defined procedure...
delivers a predicted mortality value, intended to be used for benchmarking.,
Other scoring systems
- SOFASOFA ScoreThe Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, or just SOFA score, is used to track a patient's status during the stay in an intensive care unit . It is one of several ICU scoring systems....
was designed to provide a simple daily score, that indicates how the status of the patient evolves over time. - Glasgow Coma ScaleGlasgow Coma ScaleGlasgow Coma Scale or GCS is a neurological scale that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment...
(also named GCS) is designed to provide the status for the central nervous systemCentral nervous systemThe central nervous system is the part of the nervous system that integrates the information that it receives from, and coordinates the activity of, all parts of the bodies of bilaterian animals—that is, all multicellular animals except sponges and radially symmetric animals such as jellyfish...
. It is often used as part of other scoring systems. - CMM - Cancer Mortality Model
- specific score to predict outcome of critical cancer patients
- MPM - Mortality Prediction Model
- model to assess risk of death at ICU admission
- has prediction models for assessment at admittance, 24h, 48h and 72h after
- RIFLE - Risk, injury, failure, loss and end-stage kidney classification
- has 3 severity levels (risk, injury and failure) and 2 possible outcomes (loss and end-stage)
- CP - Child–Pugh
- for patient with liver failure.
- used also outside of the ICU.
- Ranson score
- simple score used specifically for patients with pancreatitisPancreatitisPancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. It occurs when pancreatic enzymes that digest food are activated in the pancreas instead of the small intestine. It may be acute – beginning suddenly and lasting a few days, or chronic – occurring over many years...
- simple score used specifically for patients with pancreatitis
- MODS Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score
- with similar objectives as SOFA ScoreSOFA ScoreThe Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, or just SOFA score, is used to track a patient's status during the stay in an intensive care unit . It is one of several ICU scoring systems....
- with similar objectives as SOFA Score
- LODS Logistic Organ Dysfunction System
- developed for evaluation at admittance and not as a monitoring tool