Ida Ehre
Encyclopedia
Ida Ehre was an Austrian-German actress and theatre director and manager.
. She learned acting at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna. She made her acting debut at the Stadttheater in Bielitz
, and appeared in theatres in Budapest
, Cottbus
, Bonn
, Königsberg
, Stuttgart
and at the Nationaltheater Mannheim
. From 1930, she appeared at the Lessingtheater in Berlin
.
In Nazi Germany
, she was not allowed to work as an actress because she was Jewish, and so she helped in the gynaecolological practice of her husband, Dr. Bernhard Heyde (1899–1978), in Böblingen
. After the Kristallnacht
, she planned to emigrate to Chile with her husband and her daughter Ruth (born 20 October 1927 in Mannheim
), but the ship they were on was ordered to return to Hamburg because of t he outbreak of World War II
. She was later arrested by the Gestapo
and interned in the concentration camp Fuhlsbüttel for six weeks.
After the war, on 10 December 1945 she opened the Hamburger Kammerspiele theatre in the Hartungstraße in Rotherbaum
in a theatre building that had been used by the Jüdischer Kulturbund
until 1941. In addition to modern German drama such as Wolfgang Borchert
‘s ‘’The Man Outside’’ (German: ‘’Draußen vor der Tür’’), she brought modern pieces by playwrights from other countries for the first time in Germany, including plays by Jean Anouilh
, T. S. Eliot
, Jean Giraudoux
, Jean-Paul Sartre
and Thornton Wilder
. She continued managing the theatre until her death from a heart attack in 1989.
After her death, she was given an honorary grave in Ohlsdorf Cemetery
next to Gustaf Gründgens
.
.
In 1984, she became the first female honorary citizen of Hamburg. She was also made an honorary doctor by the University of Hamburg
. In 1971, she won the Schillerpreis der Stadt Mannheim. In 1984, she received the Silberne Blatt of the Dramatiker Union.
In the Altstadt suburb of Hamburg, part of the square, Gerhart-Hauptmann-Platz, named after Gerhart Hauptmann
, was renamed Ida-Ehre-Platz in 2000. In 2001, the Jahn-Schule in Eimsbüttel
, Hamburg was renamed the Ida-Ehre-Gesamtschule following a second vote after a first vote had preferred the name Gesamtschule am Grindel.
Biography
Ehre’s father was a hazzanHazzan
A hazzan or chazzan is a Jewish cantor, a musician trained in the vocal arts who helps lead the congregation in songful prayer.There are many rules relating to how a cantor should lead services, but the idea of a cantor as a paid professional does not exist in classical rabbinic sources...
. She learned acting at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna. She made her acting debut at the Stadttheater in Bielitz
Bielsko-Biała
-Economy and Industry:Nowadays Bielsko-Biała is one of the best-developed parts of Poland. It was ranked 2nd best city for business in that country by Forbes. About 5% of people are unemployed . Bielsko-Biała is famous for its textile, machine-building, and especially automotive industry...
, and appeared in theatres in Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
, Cottbus
Cottbus
Cottbus is a city in Brandenburg, Germany, situated around southeast of Berlin, on the River Spree. As of , its population was .- History :...
, Bonn
Bonn
Bonn is the 19th largest city in Germany. Located in the Cologne/Bonn Region, about 25 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, it was the capital of West Germany from 1949 to 1990 and the official seat of government of united Germany from 1990 to 1999....
, Königsberg
Königsberg
Königsberg was the capital of East Prussia from the Late Middle Ages until 1945 as well as the northernmost and easternmost German city with 286,666 inhabitants . Due to the multicultural society in and around the city, there are several local names for it...
, Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
and at the Nationaltheater Mannheim
Nationaltheater Mannheim
The present National Theatre Mannheim , which dates from 1957, is a theatre and opera company in Mannheim, Germany with a variety of performance spaces...
. From 1930, she appeared at the Lessingtheater in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
.
In Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
, she was not allowed to work as an actress because she was Jewish, and so she helped in the gynaecolological practice of her husband, Dr. Bernhard Heyde (1899–1978), in Böblingen
Böblingen
Böblingen is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, seat of Böblingen District. Physically Sindelfingen and Böblingen are continuous.-History:Böblingen was founded by Count Wilhelm von Tübingen-Böblingen in 1253. Württemberg acquired the town in 1357, and on 12 May 1525 one of the bloodiest battles...
. After the Kristallnacht
Kristallnacht
Kristallnacht, also referred to as the Night of Broken Glass, and also Reichskristallnacht, Pogromnacht, and Novemberpogrome, was a pogrom or series of attacks against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria on 9–10 November 1938.Jewish homes were ransacked, as were shops, towns and...
, she planned to emigrate to Chile with her husband and her daughter Ruth (born 20 October 1927 in Mannheim
Mannheim
Mannheim is a city in southwestern Germany. With about 315,000 inhabitants, Mannheim is the second-largest city in the Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg, following the capital city of Stuttgart....
), but the ship they were on was ordered to return to Hamburg because of t he outbreak of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. She was later arrested by the Gestapo
Gestapo
The Gestapo was the official secret police of Nazi Germany. Beginning on 20 April 1934, it was under the administration of the SS leader Heinrich Himmler in his position as Chief of German Police...
and interned in the concentration camp Fuhlsbüttel for six weeks.
After the war, on 10 December 1945 she opened the Hamburger Kammerspiele theatre in the Hartungstraße in Rotherbaum
Rotherbaum
Rotherbaum is a quarter of Eimsbüttel, a borough of Hamburg, Germany. In 2006 the population was 16,853.In German, "roter Baum" means red tree. The "th", which in general was abolished in the spelling reform of 1900, was preserved in names...
in a theatre building that had been used by the Jüdischer Kulturbund
Jüdischer Kulturbund
Jüdischer Kulturbund, or Der Jüdische Kulturbund, was a Cultural Federation of German Jews, established in 1933...
until 1941. In addition to modern German drama such as Wolfgang Borchert
Wolfgang Borchert
Wolfgang Borchert was a German author and playwright whose work was affected by his experience of dictatorship and his service in the Wehrmacht during the Second World War. His work is among the best examples of the Trümmerliteratur movement in post-World War II Germany...
‘s ‘’The Man Outside’’ (German: ‘’Draußen vor der Tür’’), she brought modern pieces by playwrights from other countries for the first time in Germany, including plays by Jean Anouilh
Jean Anouilh
Jean Marie Lucien Pierre Anouilh was a French dramatist whose career spanned five decades. Though his work ranged from high drama to absurdist farce, Anouilh is best known for his 1943 play Antigone, an adaptation of Sophocles' Classical drama, that was seen as an attack on Marshal Pétain's...
, T. S. Eliot
T. S. Eliot
Thomas Stearns "T. S." Eliot OM was a playwright, literary critic, and arguably the most important English-language poet of the 20th century. Although he was born an American he moved to the United Kingdom in 1914 and was naturalised as a British subject in 1927 at age 39.The poem that made his...
, Jean Giraudoux
Jean Giraudoux
Hippolyte Jean Giraudoux was a French novelist, essayist, diplomat and playwright. He is considered among the most important French dramatists of the period between World War I and World War II. His work is noted for its stylistic elegance and poetic fantasy...
, Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre was a French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary critic. He was one of the leading figures in 20th century French philosophy, particularly Marxism, and was one of the key figures in literary...
and Thornton Wilder
Thornton Wilder
Thornton Niven Wilder was an American playwright and novelist. He received three Pulitzer Prizes, one for his novel The Bridge of San Luis Rey and two for his plays Our Town and The Skin of Our Teeth, and a National Book Award for his novel The Eighth Day.-Early years:Wilder was born in Madison,...
. She continued managing the theatre until her death from a heart attack in 1989.
After her death, she was given an honorary grave in Ohlsdorf Cemetery
Ohlsdorf Cemetery
-External links:* *...
next to Gustaf Gründgens
Gustaf Gründgens
Gustaf Gründgens , born Gustav Heinrich Arnold Gründgens, was one of Germany's most famous and influential actors of the 20th century, intendant and artistic director of theatres in Berlin, Düsseldorf, and Hamburg...
.
Honours
In 1971, she was a member of the jury at the 21st Berlin International Film Festival21st Berlin International Film Festival
The 21st annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from June 26 to July 6, 1971.-Jury:* Bjørn Rasmussen * Ida Ehre* Walter Albuquerque Mello* Paul Claudon* Kenneth Harper* Mani Kaul* Charlotte Kerr* Rex Reed* Giancarlo Zagni...
.
In 1984, she became the first female honorary citizen of Hamburg. She was also made an honorary doctor by the University of Hamburg
University of Hamburg
The University of Hamburg is a university in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded on 28 March 1919 by Wilhelm Stern and others. It grew out of the previous Allgemeines Vorlesungswesen and the Kolonialinstitut as well as the Akademisches Gymnasium. There are around 38,000 students as of the start of...
. In 1971, she won the Schillerpreis der Stadt Mannheim. In 1984, she received the Silberne Blatt of the Dramatiker Union.
In the Altstadt suburb of Hamburg, part of the square, Gerhart-Hauptmann-Platz, named after Gerhart Hauptmann
Gerhart Hauptmann
Gerhart Hauptmann was a German dramatist and novelist who received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1912.-Life and work:...
, was renamed Ida-Ehre-Platz in 2000. In 2001, the Jahn-Schule in Eimsbüttel
Eimsbüttel
Eimsbüttel is one of the seven boroughs of Hamburg, Germany. In 2006 the population was 246,087.-History:On March 1, 2008 Eimsbüttel lost a part of its area to form the quarter Sternschanze in the borough Altona.-Geography:...
, Hamburg was renamed the Ida-Ehre-Gesamtschule following a second vote after a first vote had preferred the name Gesamtschule am Grindel.
Films
- Seven Journeys (German: In jenen Tagen), 1947, Regie: Helmut Käutner, mit Willy Maertens
- The Dead Eyes of LondonThe Dead Eyes of LondonThe Dead Eyes of London is a 1961 German crime film directed by Alfred Vohrer and starring Joachim Fuchsberger, based on a novel by Edgar Wallace...
(German: Die toten Augen von London), 1961, Regie: Alfred VohrerAlfred VohrerAlfred Vohrer was a German film director and actor. He directed 48 films between 1958 and 1984.He was born in Stuttgart, Germany and died in Munich, Germany.-Selected filmography:...
, mit Joachim FuchsbergerJoachim FuchsbergerJoachim Fuchsberger is a German actor, television host, lyricist, businessman, activist, paratrooper and World War II veteran best known to a wide German-speaking audience as one of the recurring actors in various Edgar Wallace movies Joachim Fuchsberger (born 11 March 1927 in Zuffenhausen, today... - Tevye and His Seven Daughters (German: Tevya und seine Töchter), 1962, Regie: Gerhard Klingenberg, mit Alfred Balthoff
Further reading
- Anna Brenken: Ida Ehre. Ellert und Richter, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-8319-0095-7
- Wolfgang Homering (Hrsg.): Ida Ehre im Gespräch mit Sepp Schelz. Ullstein, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-548-33252-8
- Verena Joos: Ida Ehre. "Mutter Courage des Theaters". Econ und List, München 1999, ISBN 3-612-26568-7