Iejima
Encyclopedia
Ie jima is an island
in Okinawa Prefecture
, Japan
, lying a few kilometers off the Motobu Peninsula of Okinawa Honto, Okinawa Islands
. It measures 20 km around and has a population of 5,055. The island constitutes Ie
Village and is connected to the Okinawa Motobu
-Wan by ferry
(also going to Tomari).
The most notable geographic feature is a peak called Gusukuyama (or 'Tacchu') at a height of 172 meters resembling a volcano
but is actually an erosion artifact.
Ie island is the setting of a traditional Okinawan drama where a sad girl by the name of Hando-gwaa fell in love with a man named Kanahi, Ie-shima's headman. When Hando-gwaa learned that Kanahi had already wed she climbed up to Tacchu Mountain and hanged herself with her long, black hair. One can find a statue of this woman in a garden that sits below Gusukuyama.
U.S. journalist Ernie Pyle
died there during the Battle of Okinawa
in World War II
. There is a monument dedicated to his memory on the southern part of the island. Every year on the weekend closest to his death, April 18, there is a memorial service.
Alternately called "Peanut Island," for its general shape and peanut
crop, or "Flower Island," for its abundant flora and more sizeable crop, Ie draws tourists by ferry, especially during late April when the Ie Lily Festival begins.
The Youth Excursion Village accommodates campers for 400 Yen a person and includes access to a good beach. The YYY Resort and Hotel located just east of the ferry port is available for those who do not wish to camp.
The surrender preparations started on August 17, 1945, with the flight of two Japanese Betty bombers to the island of Ie Shima where the Japanese emissaries transferred to U.S. Army Air Force C-54's to complete their journey to Corregidor to meet with General MacArthur's staff. B-25 Mitchells of the 345th were assigned to escort the Japanese from their homeland to Ie Shima, and P-38s were assigned the duty of top-cover.
Japanese officials ordered the remaining Japanese Air Force to shoot their own bombers down because they believed in the honorable idea that Japan should fight to the very last person. Instead of flying directly to the island of Ie Shima, these two Japanese planes flew northeast, toward the open ocean, to avoid their own fighters. One of the Japanese delegates aboard remarked, after looking through a bullet hole in the side of the plane, that a squadron of fighters was approaching and he thought that their surrender mission had failed. However, the squadron of fighters were U.S. P-38 Lightnings assigned as top-cover.
The 345th had been directed to send two B-25's as escorts. However, fully aware of the difficulty in communication with the Japanese and correctly anticipating the possibility of necessary deviation from plans, the 345th had dispatched three flights of 25's so as to bracket the enemy's proposed flight path. This proved to have been excellent planning, as only the second of the three flights intercepted the Japanese and the top-cover, off-course and headed on a route that would not have brought them to IeShima. Operating under orders to come no nearer than 1000 feet to the Japanese planes, Major J.C. McClure found it impossible to keep the Japanese on the proper course flying abreast of them, so he pulled out well ahead of them to lead their formation. Seconds later he was surprised to find the Japanese tucked in tightly under his wings. To them it was the safest way to approach the island which had only days before been their target. The four planes arrived over IeShima in perfect show formation.
The Japanese emissaries continued on to the Philippines as planned, concluded the arrangements for the formal surrender scheduled to take place on September 2 in Tokyo Bay, and returned to IeShima on August 18. As the Bettys were taxiing into place to receive their passengers for the return trip to Tokyo, one of them ran off of the runway and broke its landing gear leaving it unable to continue the trip that day. The Japanese delegation split, with the lesser lights staying on IeShima overnight as the damaged plane was repaired, while the operable aircraft proceeded that evening. Ironically, and for some unexplained reason, that plane ran out of gas some 130 miles from their destination and was ditched in shallow water. The emissaries waded ashore and arrived in Tokyo the next day.
Following this seizure, the residents of Iejima began a five decade campaign to oppose the American military. Led by Shoko Ahagon, they traveled throughout the Okinawan islands garnering support for their campaign. This Beggars' March took the islanders all over the prefecture where they were treated hospitably by their fellow Okinawans. However when they returned to Iejima and started to farm their land once more, the American military razed their crops and arrested the islanders.
In the late 1950s, many residents of Iejima resorted to collecting scrap metal from the military bombing range. This was dangerous work resulting in the deaths or disfigurement of local men.
The three runways that were in use when World War II ended still exist, however. The center one is now abandoned and is used as a thoroughfare for the locals to get from the north to the south side of the island. The eastern one is now used by a small civilian air carrier, and the western one is still unimproved and is part of the training range.
Ahagon Shoko and the Farmers *http://www.japanfocus.org/-C__Douglas-Lummis/3369
Beggars' Belief - The Iejima Farmers' Movement *http://www.japanfocus.org/-Jon-Mitchell/3370
Island
An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, cays or keys. An island in a river or lake may be called an eyot , or holm...
in Okinawa Prefecture
Okinawa Prefecture
is one of Japan's southern prefectures. It consists of hundreds of the Ryukyu Islands in a chain over long, which extends southwest from Kyūshū to Taiwan. Okinawa's capital, Naha, is located in the southern part of Okinawa Island...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, lying a few kilometers off the Motobu Peninsula of Okinawa Honto, Okinawa Islands
Okinawa Islands
Okinawa Islands are a group of islands that belongs to Okinawa Prefecture. Okinawa Prefecture makes up a portion of the Ryukyu Islands. The prefectural capital Naha, as well as most of the population, exists on the largest island, Okinawa Island...
. It measures 20 km around and has a population of 5,055. The island constitutes Ie
Ie, Okinawa
is a village located in Kunigami District, Okinawa, Japan. The village lies on the island of Iejima.As of 2003, the village has an estimated population of 5,128 and the density of 225.41 persons per km². The total area is 22.75 km²....
Village and is connected to the Okinawa Motobu
Motobu, Okinawa
is a town located in Kunigami District, Okinawa, Japan.As of 2003, the town has an estimated population of 14,481 and a density of 266.69 persons per km²...
-Wan by ferry
Ferry
A ferry is a form of transportation, usually a boat, but sometimes a ship, used to carry primarily passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body of water. Most ferries operate on regular, frequent, return services...
(also going to Tomari).
Volcano
2. Bedrock3. Conduit 4. Base5. Sill6. Dike7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano8. Flank| 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano10. Throat11. Parasitic cone12. Lava flow13. Vent14. Crater15...
but is actually an erosion artifact.
Ie island is the setting of a traditional Okinawan drama where a sad girl by the name of Hando-gwaa fell in love with a man named Kanahi, Ie-shima's headman. When Hando-gwaa learned that Kanahi had already wed she climbed up to Tacchu Mountain and hanged herself with her long, black hair. One can find a statue of this woman in a garden that sits below Gusukuyama.
U.S. journalist Ernie Pyle
Ernie Pyle
Ernest Taylor Pyle was an American journalist who wrote as a roving correspondent for the Scripps Howard newspaper chain from 1935 until his death in combat during World War II. He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1944...
died there during the Battle of Okinawa
Battle of Okinawa
The Battle of Okinawa, codenamed Operation Iceberg, was fought on the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa and was the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War of World War II. The 82-day-long battle lasted from early April until mid-June 1945...
in World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. There is a monument dedicated to his memory on the southern part of the island. Every year on the weekend closest to his death, April 18, there is a memorial service.
Alternately called "Peanut Island," for its general shape and peanut
Peanut
The peanut, or groundnut , is a species in the legume or "bean" family , so it is not a nut. The peanut was probably first cultivated in the valleys of Peru. It is an annual herbaceous plant growing tall...
crop, or "Flower Island," for its abundant flora and more sizeable crop, Ie draws tourists by ferry, especially during late April when the Ie Lily Festival begins.
The Youth Excursion Village accommodates campers for 400 Yen a person and includes access to a good beach. The YYY Resort and Hotel located just east of the ferry port is available for those who do not wish to camp.
Starting point for the surrender of Japan
The island of Ie jima, also called Ie Shima, was the major starting point for the Surrender of Japan in World War II. It was the home of the 413th Fighter group which comprised the 1st, 21st and 34th Fighter Squadrons, and the 345th Bomb Group, consisting of the 498th, 499th, 500th and 501st Squadrons. Both groups were stationed there toward the end of the war.The surrender preparations started on August 17, 1945, with the flight of two Japanese Betty bombers to the island of Ie Shima where the Japanese emissaries transferred to U.S. Army Air Force C-54's to complete their journey to Corregidor to meet with General MacArthur's staff. B-25 Mitchells of the 345th were assigned to escort the Japanese from their homeland to Ie Shima, and P-38s were assigned the duty of top-cover.
Japanese officials ordered the remaining Japanese Air Force to shoot their own bombers down because they believed in the honorable idea that Japan should fight to the very last person. Instead of flying directly to the island of Ie Shima, these two Japanese planes flew northeast, toward the open ocean, to avoid their own fighters. One of the Japanese delegates aboard remarked, after looking through a bullet hole in the side of the plane, that a squadron of fighters was approaching and he thought that their surrender mission had failed. However, the squadron of fighters were U.S. P-38 Lightnings assigned as top-cover.
The 345th had been directed to send two B-25's as escorts. However, fully aware of the difficulty in communication with the Japanese and correctly anticipating the possibility of necessary deviation from plans, the 345th had dispatched three flights of 25's so as to bracket the enemy's proposed flight path. This proved to have been excellent planning, as only the second of the three flights intercepted the Japanese and the top-cover, off-course and headed on a route that would not have brought them to IeShima. Operating under orders to come no nearer than 1000 feet to the Japanese planes, Major J.C. McClure found it impossible to keep the Japanese on the proper course flying abreast of them, so he pulled out well ahead of them to lead their formation. Seconds later he was surprised to find the Japanese tucked in tightly under his wings. To them it was the safest way to approach the island which had only days before been their target. The four planes arrived over IeShima in perfect show formation.
The Japanese emissaries continued on to the Philippines as planned, concluded the arrangements for the formal surrender scheduled to take place on September 2 in Tokyo Bay, and returned to IeShima on August 18. As the Bettys were taxiing into place to receive their passengers for the return trip to Tokyo, one of them ran off of the runway and broke its landing gear leaving it unable to continue the trip that day. The Japanese delegation split, with the lesser lights staying on IeShima overnight as the damaged plane was repaired, while the operable aircraft proceeded that evening. Ironically, and for some unexplained reason, that plane ran out of gas some 130 miles from their destination and was ditched in shallow water. The emissaries waded ashore and arrived in Tokyo the next day.
The 1950s Farmers' Movement
In 1955, the United States military embarked upon a wide-scale campaign to seize land from the farmers of Iejima. The campaign began in 1954 with a so-called survey project. After the islands' farmers signed the papers, they realized that in fact they had agreed to their voluntary evacuation. In 1955, the American military landed on Iejima's southern beaches and seized the farmers lands by force.Following this seizure, the residents of Iejima began a five decade campaign to oppose the American military. Led by Shoko Ahagon, they traveled throughout the Okinawan islands garnering support for their campaign. This Beggars' March took the islanders all over the prefecture where they were treated hospitably by their fellow Okinawans. However when they returned to Iejima and started to farm their land once more, the American military razed their crops and arrested the islanders.
In the late 1950s, many residents of Iejima resorted to collecting scrap metal from the military bombing range. This was dangerous work resulting in the deaths or disfigurement of local men.
Ie Shima Today
The United States military maintains a small 'auxiliary landing strip' on Ie; this airstrip is now a military training facility run by the U.S. Marine Corps. There is a detachment of 12 US Marines which operates the range. The jobs include Range Warden, Crash/Fire/Rescue, and Motor Transportation. The north-west corner of the island that contains a 5000 foot coral runway, a simulated LHA deck, and a drop zone for parachute training.The three runways that were in use when World War II ended still exist, however. The center one is now abandoned and is used as a thoroughfare for the locals to get from the north to the south side of the island. The eastern one is now used by a small civilian air carrier, and the western one is still unimproved and is part of the training range.
External links
- The Battle for Ie Shima
- The True Story of the Japanese Surrender in WW2
- A Closer Look at the Japanese Betty Bombers
- The 34th Fighter Squadron on Ie Shima
Ahagon Shoko and the Farmers *http://www.japanfocus.org/-C__Douglas-Lummis/3369
Beggars' Belief - The Iejima Farmers' Movement *http://www.japanfocus.org/-Jon-Mitchell/3370