Information and Computer Science (ICS) or Computer and Information Science (CIS) (plural forms, i.e. Sciences, may also be used) is a field that emphasizes both computing

Computing

Computing is usually defined as the activity of using and improving computer hardware and software. It is the computer-specific part of information technology...

 and informatics

Informatics (academic field)

Informatics is the science of information, the practice of information processing, and the engineering of information systems. Informatics studies the structure, algorithms, behavior, and interactions of natural and artificial systems that store, process, access and communicate information...

, upholding the strong association between the fields of information science

Information science

-Introduction:Information science is an interdisciplinary science primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information...

s and computer science

Computer science

Computer science or computing science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems...

s and treating computers as a tool rather than a field.

Computing Paradigm

Due to the distinction between computers and computing, some research groups wholly replace "computer" with "computing" or "datalogy", creating names such as Computing and Information Science. Languages may also entirely omit the association: for example, computer science in French is known as informatique.

Education

Universities may confer degrees of ICS and CIS, not to be confused with a more specific Bachelor of Computer Science

Bachelor of Computer Science

The Bachelor of Computer Science, , is a type of bachelor's degree, usually awarded after four or more calendar years of collegiate study in computer science, but can be awarded in fewer years depending on factors such as an institution's course requirements and academic calendar...

or respective graduate Computer Science degrees.