Instruments used in microbiology
Encyclopedia
Instruments used specially in microbiology
are as follows:
__Forcetoc__
Centrifuge
toseperate suparnatent & pallete
As well as those "used in microbiological sterilization and disinfection" (see relevant section).
Microbiology
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are defined as any microscopic organism that comprises either a single cell , cell clusters or no cell at all . This includes eukaryotes, such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes...
are as follows:
__Forcetoc__
Instrument list
autoclave used for sterilization of glass ware and media| Instrument | Uses |
|---|---|
| Incubator | used for bacterial or fungal cultures |
| brittany Brittany Brittany is a cultural and administrative region in the north-west of France. Previously a kingdom and then a duchy, Brittany was united to the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province. Brittany has also been referred to as Less, Lesser or Little Britain... |
a process of sterilization from spore Spore In biology, a spore is a reproductive structure that is adapted for dispersal and surviving for extended periods of time in unfavorable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many bacteria, plants, algae, fungi and some protozoa. According to scientist Dr... -bearing bacteria Bacteria Bacteria are a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals... |
| Vaccine bath Vaccine bath It is an apparatus, used in vaccine production. As vaccines are very heat labile but inevitably need to be heated to some extent, these devices are used. These are basically, water baths, with a temperature set very low. A long time is taken to sterilize vaccines by this method.... |
used to heat vaccine containing medium gently (to around 45-55 degrees Celsius) during vaccine Vaccine A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe or its toxins... production |
| Thermal cycler Thermal cycler The thermal cycler is a laboratory apparatus used to amplify segments of DNA via the polymerase chain reaction process. The device has a thermal block with holes where tubes holding the PCR reaction mixtures can be inserted... |
used to amplify segments of DNA via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process. |
| Inoculation loop Inoculation loop An inoculation loop, also called a smear loop, inoculation wand or microstreaker, is a simple tool used mainly by microbiologists to retrieve an inoculum from a culture of microorganisms. The loop is used in the cultivation of microbes on plates by transferring inoculum for streaking.The wire forms... : |
used to inoculate test samples into culture media for bacterial or fungal cultures, antibiograms, etc. |
| •Nichrome wire loop | used to inoculate test samples into culture media for bacterial or fungal cultures, antibiograms, etc.; reheated by flaming to red hot before use |
| •Platinum wire loop | used to inoculate test samples into culture media for bacterial or fungal cultures, antibiograms, etc.; reheated by flaming to red hot before use |
| •Sterile loops | used to inoculate test samples into culture media for bacterial or fungal cultures, antibiograms, etc.; not heated before use—these are disposable presteriliised |
| Petri dish Petri dish A Petri dish is a shallow glass or plastic cylindrical lidded dish that biologists use to culture cells or small moss plants. It was named after German bacteriologist Julius Richard Petri, who invented it when working as an assistant to Robert Koch... /agar plate Agar plate An agar plate is a Petri dish that contains a growth medium used to culture microorganisms or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens.Selective growth compounds may also be added to the media, such as antibiotics.... |
to act as a supporting container to hold the culture medium in |
| McIntosh and Filde's anaerobic jar McIntosh and Filde's anaerobic jar McIntosh and Filde's anaerobic jar is an instrument used in the production of an anaerobic environment. This method of anaerorbiosis as others is used to culture bacteria which die or fail to grow in presence of oxygen .-Construction:... |
production of anaerobic conditions for organisms that die in the presence of even little oxygen Oxygen Oxygen is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O. Its name derives from the Greek roots ὀξύς and -γενής , because at the time of naming, it was mistakenly thought that all acids required oxygen in their composition... (anaerobiosis), eg. tetanus Tetanus Tetanus is a medical condition characterized by a prolonged contraction of skeletal muscle fibers. The primary symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced by the Gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani... bacteria |
| Gas-pak Gas-pak Gas-pak is a method used in production of an anaerobic environment. It is used to culture bacteria which die or fail to grow in presence of oxygen... |
releases gases to remove oxygen from a closed container, usually for anaerobiosis |
| Vacuum pump Vacuum pump A vacuum pump is a device that removes gas molecules from a sealed volume in order to leave behind a partial vacuum. The first vacuum pump was invented in 1650 by Otto von Guericke.- Types :Pumps can be broadly categorized according to three techniques:... |
to draw out the air from any closed chamber before pumping back CO2 Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom... , O2 or N2, usually for anaerobiosis |
| Durham's tube Durham tube Durham tubes are used in microbiology to detect production of gas by microorganisms. They are simply smaller test tubes inserted upside down in another test tube. This small tube is initially filled with the solution in which the microorganism is to be grown. If gas is produced after inoculation... |
used to detect gas production in sugar Sugar Sugar is a class of edible crystalline carbohydrates, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose, characterized by a sweet flavor.Sucrose in its refined form primarily comes from sugar cane and sugar beet... fermentation Fermentation (biochemistry) Fermentation is the process of extracting energy from the oxidation of organic compounds, such as carbohydrates, using an endogenous electron acceptor, which is usually an organic compound. In contrast, respiration is where electrons are donated to an exogenous electron acceptor, such as oxygen,... media; the tube is placed in an inverted fashion so that gases produces get trapped in it and do not float away to the surface |
| Bijou bottle | a cylindrical small glass bottle with a screw cap used as a culture medium holder |
| Blood Blood Blood is a specialized bodily fluid in animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.... collection bottle |
to collect blood by venipuncture Venipuncture In medicine, venepuncture, venopuncture or venipuncture is the process of obtaining intravenous access for the purpose of intravenous therapy or for blood sampling of venous blood. This procedure is performed by medical laboratory scientists, medical practitioners, some EMTs, paramedics,... |
| Castaneda's medium / Castaneda's bottle | used for simultaneous solid and liquid cultures in one bottle |
| Universal container | a cylindrical small glass bottle with a screw cap used as a culture medium holder |
| Flat medical bottle or McCartney's bottle | for simultaneous solid and liquid cultures. |
| Tuberculin Tuberculin Tuberculin is the name given to extracts of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis, or M. avium that is used in skin testing in animals and humans to identify a tuberculosis infection. Several types of tuberculin have been used for this, of which purified protein derivative is the most important.... syringe |
as a normal syringe or to perform Mantoux test |
| Desiccator | to dry things |
| Pre-sterilized disposable Disposable A disposable is a product designed for cheapness and short-term convenience rather than medium to long-term durability, with most products only intended for single use. The term is also sometimes used for products that may last several months to distinguish from similar products that last... container |
specimen collection |
| Pre-sterilized disposable syringe / auto-destruct syringes | specimen collection |
| Pre-sterilized disposable swab Cotton swab Cotton swabs or cotton buds or ear buds consist of a small wad of cotton wrapped around one or both ends of a short rod, usually made of either wood, rolled paper, or plastic... s / NIH swab / postnasal swab |
specimen collection |
| VDRL rotator | for VDRL test |
| Serological Serology Serology is the scientific study of blood serum and other bodily fluids. In practice, the term usually refers to the diagnostic identification of antibodies in the serum... test slides like those for ASO Anti-streptolysin O Anti-streptolysin O is the antibody made against streptolysin O, an immunogenic, oxygen-liable hemolytic toxin produced by most strains of group A and many strains of groups C and G streptococci. The O in the name stands for oxygen-labile; the other related toxin being oxygen-stable streptolysin-S... , VDRL, rheumatoid factor |
vide links |
| Lovibond comparator Lovibond comparator The Lovibond comparator is a type of colorimeter made in Britain by The Tintometer Ltd. It was invented in the 19th century by Joseph Williams Lovibond and updated versions are still available.-Description:... |
a type of a colorimeter Colorimeter For articles on Colorimeter see:* Colorimeter * Tristimulus colorimeter... |
| Microtitre plates | for ELISA ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay , is a popular format of a "wet-lab" type analytic biochemistry assay that uses one sub-type of heterogeneous, solid-phase enzyme immunoassay to detect the presence of a substance in a liquid sample."Wet lab" analytic biochemistry assays involves detection of an... |
| Haemagglutination plate | for viral culture detection |
| Latex Latex Latex is the stable dispersion of polymer microparticles in an aqueous medium. Latexes may be natural or synthetic.Latex as found in nature is a milky fluid found in 10% of all flowering plants . It is a complex emulsion consisting of proteins, alkaloids, starches, sugars, oils, tannins, resins,... agglutination Agglutination In contemporary linguistics, agglutination usually refers to the kind of morphological derivation in which there is a one-to-one correspondence between affixes and syntactical categories. Languages that use agglutination widely are called agglutinative languages... tiles |
for serological analysis |
| Cragie tube Cragie tube It is a method of determining bacterial motility.Instruments used specially in Microbiology are as follows:-Technique:A hollow tube with some culture medium is placed in semi-solid agar inside a bottle... |
see link |
| Tissue culture Tissue culture Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells separate from the organism. This is typically facilitated via use of a liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium, such as broth or agar... bottles |
to grow or keep alive cells or tissue from a living organism, eg. stem cells |
| Candle jar | historically used for anaerobiosis; a lit candle was placed in as air-tight jar such that when it went out it would be because it used up all the available oxygen Oxygen Oxygen is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O. Its name derives from the Greek roots ὀξύς and -γενής , because at the time of naming, it was mistakenly thought that all acids required oxygen in their composition... |
Centrifuge
A centrifuge is a piece of equipment, generally driven by an electric motor , that puts an object in rotation around a fixed axis, applying a force perpendicular to the axis...
toseperate suparnatent & pallete
As well as those "used in microbiological sterilization and disinfection" (see relevant section).