Inzersdorf (Vienna)
Encyclopedia
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Inzersdorf (before 1893 Inzersdorf am Wienerberge, 1893 - 1938 Inzersdorf bei Wien) was before 1938 an independent municipality
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
, and is now a part of the 23rd Viennese district Liesing
Liesing
Liesing is the 23rd district of Vienna . It is on the southwest edge of Vienna, Austria.It was formed after Austria's Anschluss with Germany, when Vienna expanded from 21 districts to 26...
.
Today, the cadastral commune Inzersdorf has got an area of 854,06 hectare and is so on the biggest part of the district.
But in the 19th century, independent Inzersdorf had also got place in the today 10th viennese district, and bordered on the villages Vösendorf
Vösendorf
Vösendorf is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria....
, Leopoldsdorf
Leopoldsdorf
Leopoldsdorf is a municipality in the district of Wien-Umgebung in Lower Austria, Austria....
, Ober‑ and Unterlaa, and (in the West) on Erlaa.
Geography
The village is located in a flat marshMarsh
In geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of wetland that is subject to frequent or continuous flood. Typically the water is shallow and features grasses, rushes, reeds, typhas, sedges, other herbaceous plants, and moss....
, thus a lot of clay
Clay
Clay is a general term including many combinations of one or more clay minerals with traces of metal oxides and organic matter. Geologic clay deposits are mostly composed of phyllosilicate minerals containing variable amounts of water trapped in the mineral structure.- Formation :Clay minerals...
was deposited in the area by the Liesing river. That was the basis for 19th centurity brickworks
Brickworks
A brickworks also known as a brick factory, is a factory for the manufacturing of bricks, from clay or shale. Usually a brickworks is located on a clay bedrock often with a quarry for clay on site....
, whose mining
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or seam. The term also includes the removal of soil. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock...
holes remain until today as lakes.
Geologically spoken, most parts of Inzersdorf are built on rubble from Pleistocene
Pleistocene
The Pleistocene is the epoch from 2,588,000 to 11,700 years BP that spans the world's recent period of repeated glaciations. The name pleistocene is derived from the Greek and ....
. In the south-east and west of the village, quaternary
Quaternary
The Quaternary Period is the most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the ICS. It follows the Neogene Period, spanning 2.588 ± 0.005 million years ago to the present...
loam exists. The north is counted among the geological era of Holocene
Holocene
The Holocene is a geological epoch which began at the end of the Pleistocene and continues to the present. The Holocene is part of the Quaternary period. Its name comes from the Greek words and , meaning "entirely recent"...
.
History
In 1120 and 1125, Inzersdorfs first mention occurred as Imicinesdorf respectively Ymizinisdorf thus meaning "village of Imizi(n)". It is supposed that the founder of the village was a man named Imizi, Imizo or Imizin.Until the beginning of the 16th century, the commune involved two villages: Inzersdorf and Willendorf. But after the Siege of Vienna
Siege of Vienna
The Siege of Vienna in 1529 was the first attempt by the Ottoman Empire, led by Suleiman the Magnificent, to capture the city of Vienna, Austria. The siege signalled the pinnacle of the Ottoman Empire's power, the maximum extent of Ottoman expansion in central Europe, and was the result of a...
in 1529, when both villages were destroyed, only Inzersdorf was re-built.
But peace didn't least long, and in the Battle of Vienna
Battle of Vienna
The Battle of Vienna took place on 11 and 12 September 1683 after Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months...
, Inzersdorf was destroyed again. This time, Maria Katharina von Kinsky brought foreign settlers to the place.
When the brothers Geyer von Osterburg ruled the village in the 16th century, Inzersdorf became the hub of evangelic church. Many Protestants settled down nearby.
Years passed by and the lordship of Inzersdorf changed very often. In 1857, Ziegelbaron ("Brick Baron") Heinrich von Drasche-Wartinberg
Heinrich von Drasche-Wartinberg
Heinrich von Drasche-Wartinberg was an Austrian industrialist.- Life :After the death of his uncle Alois Miesbach in 1857, Drasche inherited a Brickyard located in the south of Vienna. During the next decades he built up Austria-Hungary's leading brick producing enterprise which today still exists...
inherit the holding. The now aborning industrial location specialized on brickproduction and in 1872, the factories already produced 100 millions of bricks (by comparison: in 1848, they only produced 16 millions).
Because of that, the viennese administration decided to integrate the northern part of Inzersdorf, where the factories were located, into the 10th Viennese district Favoriten
Favoriten
Favoriten, the 10th district of Vienna, Austria , is located south of the central districts. It is south of Innere Stadt, Wieden and Margareten...
.
After the integration of that northern part which was called now Inzersdorf-Stadt(Inzersdorf-City), the rest of the village was economical degraded. In the next few years, Inzersdorf orientated onto the nearby city Liesing
Liesing
Liesing is the 23rd district of Vienna . It is on the southwest edge of Vienna, Austria.It was formed after Austria's Anschluss with Germany, when Vienna expanded from 21 districts to 26...
.
After the "Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
" (annexation
Annexation
Annexation is the de jure incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity . Usually, it is implied that the territory and population being annexed is the smaller, more peripheral, and weaker of the two merging entities, barring physical size...
of Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
into Greater Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
by the Nazi regime), Inzersdorf was mergered together with Liesing and 13 other villages into "Great-Vienna". Together, these villages built the new 25th district of Vienna. After the end of the Second World War, Inzersdorf stayed inside of Vienna, while other villages came independent again. In 1954, Inzersdorf became part of the 23rd Viennese district Liesing. This district had had much industrie before Second World War, and because of this, was bombed much by the Allies
Allies of World War II
The Allies of World War II were the countries that opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War . Former Axis states contributing to the Allied victory are not considered Allied states...
. But re-building proceeded fast, and in the end of the 20th century, new housing estates were built. In the years of 1988 until 1993, the estates "Traviata
La traviata
La traviata is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on La dame aux Camélias , a play adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas, fils. The title La traviata means literally The Fallen Woman, or perhaps more figuratively, The Woman...
gasse" and "Othello
Othello
The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written in approximately 1603, and based on the Italian short story "Un Capitano Moro" by Cinthio, a disciple of Boccaccio, first published in 1565...
gasse" were formed. This had big bearings on the number of inheritants of Inzersdorf: While in 1951, the cadastral commune had had about 6.000 inheritants, today there are about 14.500 people living in Inzersdorf.
Culture
Originally both a baroqueBaroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
château
Château
A château is a manor house or residence of the lord of the manor or a country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally—and still most frequently—in French-speaking regions...
from 17th century and a second younger one were situated in Inzersdorf. The castles were damaged by bombings in the Second World War and knocked down in 1965 when the motorway A 23 "Südosttangente"
Autobahns of Austria
The Austrian autobahns are controlled-access highways in Austria. They are officially called Bundesstraßen A according to the Austrian federal road act...
was built. The former palace garden is used today as a public park.
The classicistic
Classicism
Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for classical antiquity, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate. The art of classicism typically seeks to be formal and restrained: of the Discobolus Sir Kenneth Clark observed, "if we object to his restraint...
St. Nikolaus' Church in the town center was built between 1818 and 1820. There had been a gothic building before that was destroyed in a fire on 8 June 1817. Other well-known buildings are the Maria-Theresien-Schlössel which was constructed by an architect coming from the environment of Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach
Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach
----Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, born Johann Bernhard Fischer was probably the most influential Austrian architect of the Baroque period....
and the Grünberger-Schlössl, a summer residence built in 1720/30.
The arm of coats of Inzersdorf shows three ears of corn growing out of a heart, being framed by a golden lion and a golden horse.
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People
- Francesca DonnerFrancesca DonnerFrancesca Maria Barbara Donner was the second wife of Syngman Rhee, and thus was the first First Lady of South Korea from 1948 to 1960.- Life :...
(1900–1992), wife of Rhee Syng-man, President of South Korea - Heinrich von Drasche-WartinbergHeinrich von Drasche-WartinbergHeinrich von Drasche-Wartinberg was an Austrian industrialist.- Life :After the death of his uncle Alois Miesbach in 1857, Drasche inherited a Brickyard located in the south of Vienna. During the next decades he built up Austria-Hungary's leading brick producing enterprise which today still exists...
(1811–1880), Austrian industralist (de) - Adelheid PoppAdelheid PoppAdelheid Popp was an Austrian feminist and socialist who worked as a journalist and politician....
(1869–1939), Austrian feminist - Maria Rosa Aloisia Katharina Fürstin von Kinsky (1783–1842), owner of the "Herrschaft Inzersdorf"
- Hubert Trimmel (born 1924) (de)
- Georg Virilli (1872–1951), mayor