The ability of synapses to modify their synaptic strength in response to activity is a fundamental property of the nervous system and may be an essential component of learning and memory. There are three classes of ionotropic glutamate receptor, namely NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate), AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-4-propionic acid) and kainate receptors. They are believed to play critical roles in synaptic plasticity. At many synapses in the brain, transient activation of NMDA receptors leads to a persistent modification in the strength of synaptic transmission mediated by AMPA receptors and kainate receptors can act as the induction trigger for long-term changes in synaptic transmission.

This family includes the four transmembrane regions of the
ionotropic glutamate receptors and NMDA receptors.

Human proteins containing this domain

GRIA1

GRIA1

Glutamate receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIA1 gene.Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes...

; GRIA2

GRIA2

Glutamate receptor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIA2 gene.- Function :Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes...

; GRIA3

GRIA3

Glutamate receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIA3 gene.- Function :Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes...

; GRIA4

GRIA4

Glutamate receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIA4 gene.-Interactions:GRIA4 has been shown to interact with CACNG2, GRIP1, PICK1 and PRKCG.-RNA editing:...

; GRID1

GRID1

Glutamate receptor delta-1 subunit also known as GluD1 or GluRδ1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRID1 gene.- Function :This gene encodes a subunit of glutamate receptor ligand-gated ion channel...

; GRID2

GRID2

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, delta 2, also known as GluD2, GluRδ2, or δ2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRID2 gene....

; GRIK1

GRIK1

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 1, also known as GRIK1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIK1 gene.- Function :...

; GRIK2

GRIK2

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIK2 gene.- Clinical significance :Homozygosity for a GRIK2 deletion-inversion mutation is associated with nonsyndromic autosomal recessive mental retardation....

;
GRIK3

GRIK3

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIK3 gene....

; GRIK4

GRIK4

GRIK4 is a kainate receptor subtype belonging to the family of ligand-gated ion channels which is encoded by the gene.-Function:...

; GRIK5

GRIK5

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIK5 gene.-Interactions:GRIK5 has been shown to interact with DLG4 and GRIK2....

; GRIN1

GRIN1

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN1 gene.-Further reading:...

; GRIN2A

GRIN2A

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN2A gene.-Interactions:GRIN2A has been shown to interact with FYN, DLG4, DLG3, DLG1, Src, PTK2B and Interleukin 16.-Further reading:...

; GRIN2B

GRIN2B

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2 also known as N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN2B gene.- Function :...

; GRIN2C

GRIN2C

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN2C gene.-Interactions:GRIN2C has been shown to interact with DLG4 and DLG3....

; GRIN2D

GRIN2D

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN2D gene.-Interactions:GRIN2D has been shown to interact with Interleukin 16....

;
GRIN3A

GRIN3A

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN3A gene....

; GRIN3B

GRIN3B

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN3B gene....

; NMDAR2C; NR2A;