Israel Broadcasting Authority
Encyclopedia
Israel Broadcasting Authority (often referred to as the IBA; , Rashùt Ha-Shidúr) is Israel
's state broadcasting
network.
It grew out of the radio station Kol Yisrael, which made its first broadcast as an independent station on . The name of the organisation operating Kol Yisrael was changed to Israel Broadcasting Service in 1951. The law creating the Israel Broadcasting Authority was passed by the Knesset
on 6 June 1965. Television broadcasts commenced on 2 May 1968, with colour television following on 23 February 1983, although occasional colour transmissions were made earlier, such as the Eurovision Song Contest 1979
and the visit of the Egyptian President Anwar Sadat
in 1977.
channels and several radio
stations. IBA's television stations are officially free of advertising, but programs are often "sponsored" by commercial entities. Full advertising on the radio is allowed, however.
In 1990, the Israeli parliament passed a law which resulted in the creation of the Second Israeli Broadcasting Authority
, whose function was to enable and regulate commercial television and private radio broadcasts in Israel. Until the establishment of the Second Broadcasting Authority and the widespread availability of cable television
services in Israel (which also produce their own cable
programming directed at the local market) in the early 1990s, the IBA maintained a virtual monopoly on television and radio broadcasting and production in Israel. There were a few exceptions, such as the morning and afternoon broadcasts delivered through IBA's television channel, which were produced by Israel Educational Television
, the popular Israel Defense Forces Radio service, and a private radio station (the Voice of Peace
) which operated offshore, outside Israeli territorial waters
.
Israel Broadcasting Authority domestic programming and broadcasts are funded by levying television licence
fees upon the owners of television sets. The television licence for 2011 is ₪ 379 and the radio licence is ₪ 120. The licence fee is the primary source of revenue for the Israel Broadcasting Authority, the state broadcaster; however, its radio stations carry full advertising
and its TV programmes sometime receive "sponsorship" from commercial entities to supplement this income. All broadcasting is covered by the code of ethics set out in the Nakdi Report
.
The IBA (IBS at the time) was admitted as a full active member of the European Broadcasting Union
in 1957. The decision made by the EBU General Assembly had the immediate effect that two founding broadcasters (the Egyptian and Syrian broadcasting services) quit as active members.
The IBA provides news programming in 14 foreign languages directed at audiences abroad or in Israel through its IBA News
programming available on the internet and through rebroadcasters.
("The Voice of Israel") is the collective name for IBA's radio networks, as well as for the international service.
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
's state broadcasting
Public broadcasting
Public broadcasting includes radio, television and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service. Public broadcasters receive funding from diverse sources including license fees, individual contributions, public financing and commercial financing.Public broadcasting may be...
network.
It grew out of the radio station Kol Yisrael, which made its first broadcast as an independent station on . The name of the organisation operating Kol Yisrael was changed to Israel Broadcasting Service in 1951. The law creating the Israel Broadcasting Authority was passed by the Knesset
Knesset
The Knesset is the unicameral legislature of Israel, located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem.-Role in Israeli Government :The legislative branch of the Israeli government, the Knesset passes all laws, elects the President and Prime Minister , approves the cabinet, and supervises the work of the government...
on 6 June 1965. Television broadcasts commenced on 2 May 1968, with colour television following on 23 February 1983, although occasional colour transmissions were made earlier, such as the Eurovision Song Contest 1979
Eurovision Song Contest 1979
The Eurovision Song Contest 1979 was the 24th Eurovision Song Contest and was held on 31 March 1979 in Jerusalem, Israel. The presenters were Daniel Pe'er and Yardena Arazi, and the event was staged at the International Convention Center. Representing Israel, Gali Atari and Milk and Honey were the...
and the visit of the Egyptian President Anwar Sadat
Anwar Sadat
Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981...
in 1977.
Overview
It operates four televisionTelevision
Television is a telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images that can be monochrome or colored, with accompanying sound...
channels and several radio
Radio
Radio is the transmission of signals through free space by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space...
stations. IBA's television stations are officially free of advertising, but programs are often "sponsored" by commercial entities. Full advertising on the radio is allowed, however.
In 1990, the Israeli parliament passed a law which resulted in the creation of the Second Israeli Broadcasting Authority
Second Israeli Broadcasting Authority
The Second Authority for Television and Radio law was passed by the Knesset in 1990. Its purpose was to establish a new governing-body whose purpose is to facilitate and regulate commercially-operated television and radio broadcasts in Israel...
, whose function was to enable and regulate commercial television and private radio broadcasts in Israel. Until the establishment of the Second Broadcasting Authority and the widespread availability of cable television
Cable television
Cable television is a system of providing television programs to consumers via radio frequency signals transmitted to televisions through coaxial cables or digital light pulses through fixed optical fibers located on the subscriber's property, much like the over-the-air method used in traditional...
services in Israel (which also produce their own cable
Cable television
Cable television is a system of providing television programs to consumers via radio frequency signals transmitted to televisions through coaxial cables or digital light pulses through fixed optical fibers located on the subscriber's property, much like the over-the-air method used in traditional...
programming directed at the local market) in the early 1990s, the IBA maintained a virtual monopoly on television and radio broadcasting and production in Israel. There were a few exceptions, such as the morning and afternoon broadcasts delivered through IBA's television channel, which were produced by Israel Educational Television
Israeli Educational Television
The Israeli Educational Television is a state-owned public television network which used to concentrate on producing and broadcasting programs for schoolchildren. The first Israeli children's show, featuring Kishkashta, aired on Channel 1 in the 1970s and '80s...
, the popular Israel Defense Forces Radio service, and a private radio station (the Voice of Peace
Voice of Peace
Voice of Peace was an offshore radio station that served the Middle East for 20 years from the former Dutch cargo vessel MV Peace , anchored off the coast of Tel Aviv...
) which operated offshore, outside Israeli territorial waters
Territorial waters
Territorial waters, or a territorial sea, as defined by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is a belt of coastal waters extending at most from the baseline of a coastal state...
.
Israel Broadcasting Authority domestic programming and broadcasts are funded by levying television licence
Television licence
A television licence is an official licence required in many countries for the reception of television broadcasts...
fees upon the owners of television sets. The television licence for 2011 is ₪ 379 and the radio licence is ₪ 120. The licence fee is the primary source of revenue for the Israel Broadcasting Authority, the state broadcaster; however, its radio stations carry full advertising
Advertising
Advertising is a form of communication used to persuade an audience to take some action with respect to products, ideas, or services. Most commonly, the desired result is to drive consumer behavior with respect to a commercial offering, although political and ideological advertising is also common...
and its TV programmes sometime receive "sponsorship" from commercial entities to supplement this income. All broadcasting is covered by the code of ethics set out in the Nakdi Report
Nakdi Report
The Nakdi Report, also known as the Nakdi Document or as the Nakdi guidelines is the document that provides ethical guidelines for use in Israel's broadcasting industry. Published as the Guidelines for Coverage of News and Current Affairs in 1995, the doctrine was first introduced in 1972 by the...
.
The IBA (IBS at the time) was admitted as a full active member of the European Broadcasting Union
European Broadcasting Union
The European Broadcasting Union is a confederation of 74 broadcasting organisations from 56 countries, and 49 associate broadcasters from a further 25...
in 1957. The decision made by the EBU General Assembly had the immediate effect that two founding broadcasters (the Egyptian and Syrian broadcasting services) quit as active members.
The IBA provides news programming in 14 foreign languages directed at audiences abroad or in Israel through its IBA News
IBA News
The Israel Broadcasting Authority provides news programming in 14 foreign languages directed at audiences abroad or in Israel. The goal of these programs is to present a balanced and impartial picture of what happens in Israel in particular and in the region in general...
programming available on the internet and through rebroadcasters.
TV channels
- Channel 1Channel 1 (Israel)Channel 1 is one of the oldest television channels in Israel and one of five terrestrial channels in the country...
(Haarutz Ha-Rishon) - The IBA's main channel (until the beginning of the 1990s there were no other channels in the Israeli television, and it was called "Ha-Televizia Ha-israelit" - "The Israeli Television"). - Channel 1 HDChannel 1 (Israel)Channel 1 is one of the oldest television channels in Israel and one of five terrestrial channels in the country...
(Haarutz Ha-Rishon HD) - The IBA's main channel, broadcast in HD. So far the 2010 FIFA World Cup2010 FIFA World CupThe 2010 FIFA World Cup was the 19th FIFA World Cup, the world championship for men's national association football teams. It took place in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July 2010...
, BBCBBCThe British Broadcasting Corporation is a British public service broadcaster. Its headquarters is at Broadcasting House in the City of Westminster, London. It is the largest broadcaster in the world, with about 23,000 staff...
programs and MabatMabat LaHadashotMabat LaHadashot , is the prime time news program on the Public Israeli Channel 1, owned by Israel Broadcasting Authority, which have been between 1968-1991 a monopoly broadcasting, along with its prime time news show....
(The IBA's news program) are available in HD. - Channel 33Channel 33 (Israel)Channel 33 is an Israeli public terrestrial channel, operated by the Israel Broadcasting Authority , which is primarily designated for Arabic-speaking viewers.-Establishment – 1994:...
- The IBA's Arabic-language channel.
Radio stations
Kol YisraelKol Yisrael
Kol Yisrael is Israel's public domestic and international radio service, operated as a division of the Israel Broadcasting Authority.-History:...
("The Voice of Israel") is the collective name for IBA's radio networks, as well as for the international service.
- Reshet Aleph ("Network A"): radio station.
- Reshet Beit ("Network B"): popular newsNewsNews is the communication of selected information on current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or word of mouth to a third party or mass audience.- Etymology :...
, current events, and talk radio station. - Reshet Gimel ("Network C"): radio station devoted to promoting Israeli music.
- Reshet Dalet ("Network D"): radio station in Arabic.
- Reka or Reshet Klitat Aliya: radio for recent immigrants to Israel, broadcasts in 13 languages (mostly RussianRussian languageRussian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
). This service was formerly known as "Kol Zion La-Golah" ("Voice of IsraelIsraelThe State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
abroad") and Reshet Heh ("Network E"). - 88 FMFM broadcastingFM broadcasting is a broadcasting technology pioneered by Edwin Howard Armstrong which uses frequency modulation to provide high-fidelity sound over broadcast radio. The term "FM band" describes the "frequency band in which FM is used for broadcasting"...
: radio for quality music. - Kol Ha-Musika ("The Voice of Music"): a radio station devoted to promoting classical music.
- Kol Ha-Kampus ("The Voice of the Campus") - a joint educational project of Kol Yisrael and the Israeli College of Management media school, in which students run the radio station and host programs of alternative music.
External links
- Official site (mostly in Hebrew with English menu available)
- Kol Israel International
- WRN
- IBA World
- Israel Radio International
- All Israeli Radio Stations
- Israel Radio Stations
- Israel Educational Television
- Article on IBA English-language IBA programming
- All the Israeli radio stations in one site on the internet
- KishkashtaKishkashtaKishkashta was the main character in one of the first Israeli Educational Television shows, Ma Pit'om , written by, among other screenwriters, Tamar Adar...