Israeli Whist is a four player card game

Card game

A card game is any game using playing cards as the primary device with which the game is played, be they traditional or game-specific. Countless card games exist, including families of related games...

. It is a variation of the classical Whist

Whist

Whist is a classic English trick-taking card game which was played widely in the 18th and 19th centuries. It derives from the 16th century game of Trump or Ruff, via Ruff and Honours...

, that evolved among Israeli IDF

Israel Defense Forces

The Israel Defense Forces , commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal , are the military forces of the State of Israel. They consist of the ground forces, air force and navy. It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel...

 soldiers in the nineteen eighties, and is still popular among soldiers and travelers. In Israel, it is simply known as "whist".

Ranking of the cards in whist

The cards are ranked by number and suit

Suit (cards)

In playing cards, a suit is one of several categories into which the cards of a deck are divided. Most often, each card bears one of several symbols showing to which suit it belongs; the suit may alternatively or in addition be indicated by the color printed on the card...

.

• The ranking by number, from strong to weak: A, K, Q, J, 10, 9,..., 3, 2
• The ranking by suit, from strong to weak: NT (No Trump), ♠, ♥, ♦, ♣.

Dealing of the cards

A round begins by dealing out all the cards (without jokers) to four players. The dealer is switched every round in a clockwise

Clockwise

Circular motion can occur in two possible directions. A clockwise motion is one that proceeds in the same direction as a clock's hands: from the top to the right, then down and then to the left, and back to the top...

 direction, so that the player to the left of the current dealer is the next dealer. Each player receives 13 cards that remain hidden from the other players.

Bidding

In Israeli whist there are two rounds of bidding: a round to determine the trump suit and, and a round to determine the contract.

The bidding that determines the trump suit

1. After the dealing of the cards, the player sitting to the left of the dealer "calls". He can choose one of two options: Say "pass", or to bid. Bidding includes the number of future tricks
   Trick-taking game
   A trick-taking game is a card game or tile-based game in which play centers on a series of finite rounds or units of play, called tricks. The object of such games then may be closely tied to the number of tricks taken, as in plain-trick games such as Whist, Contract Bridge, Napoleon, Rowboat, and...
   
    (contract) given a certain trump suit. For example: "5 hearts" means "If the trump is hearts, I will contract at least 5 tricks". The minimal bid at this point is 5, in other words, if a player will not obligate himself to take at least 5 tricks, he will say "pass".
2. Next, the player to the left of the previous "caller" makes his "call". He can say "pass", or bid higher than the highest bid so far. A higher bid can be stronger in suit (for example 5♠ is stronger than 5♦), or in number (6♥ is stronger than 5♠).
3. The "calling" continues in a clockwise
   Clockwise
   Circular motion can occur in two possible directions. A clockwise motion is one that proceeds in the same direction as a clock's hands: from the top to the right, then down and then to the left, and back to the top...
   
   direction.
4. The bid that determines the trump is the one that after it there are three "passes" in a row. Meaning, all the other players declare that they do not want bid higher. At this point the trump suit is determined.

An interesting thing happens when all four players say "pass". In this situation, there is a "Frisch" round.

• "Frisch"

In a Frisch round, every player passes three cards to the player to his left. The cards are laid on the table facing down, and a player may pick up the cards given to him, only after he passed his three cards. After a Frisch round there is another bidding to determine the trump suit, only now the minimal bid is 6 instead of 5.
There can be 3 Frisch rounds, and after each one, the minimal bid increases by one. If after three Frisch rounds there is still no bidding, the round is canceled and the cards are shuffled and dealt again.

The bidding that determines the contract

After the trump suit is determined, there is another bidding round in which the "contracts" are determined - that is, the number of tricks a player declares he will take. The first to bid is the winner of the previous bidding (that determined the trump suit). In his bid, he says the number of tricks he will win; the number of tricks must be at least the number he declared in the previous bidding round. Next bids the player to his left, which can bid as many as he likes (between 0 and 13), and so do the other two in turn.
The last player to bid is not allowed to make a bid that makes the sum of all four bids 13, because then all four players might be able to succeed in the round. So the last player to bid determines if the sum is more than 13 (an "over" game) or less than 13 (an "under": game). The meaning is that at least one player will not take enough tricks in an "over" game, and will take too many in an "under" game.

A Game Round

After all the cards are dealt and the trump and the contracts established, there are 13 game rounds, in which each player puts down a card and the player that puts down the strongest card takes the trick.

Putting down the cards

In the first game round, the first to put down a card is the winner of the first bid, next is the player to his left, and so on. In the other game rounds, the winner of the previous round plays first. The first player of the round is allowed to put down any of his cards and all the other players must follow suit (put down cards of the same suit). If a player doesn't have cards of the same suit, he may put down any other card that he has. If a player does have cards of the same suit, but puts down cards of another suit, and is later caught (he will have to put down all his cards eventually) he is fined 100 points.
If a player doesn't have cards of the same suit, he may put down a card that is not of the trump suit, and then he surely losses the trick, or he may "cut" (put down a trump card).

Who takes the trick

After all four cards have been put down, the winner of the trick is determined, the highest card of the suit that started the round wins, unless trump cards are put down, and in that case, the strongest trump wins. The player to win the trick is the one to start the next round. When playing with no trump (NT), the rules are the same, only there is no option to cut, so a player that does not have the leading suit losses the trick for sure.

Example of a game round

An example round (diamond is trump): player A leads with a 9♣, player B Q♣, Player C 7♦, player D 8♣. Notice that player C has no clubs, or else he would have to put down a club, so he has two options, to get rid of a card that is not trump, or to try to win the trick with a trump. Player D had clubs, so he had to put down a club and could not put down a trump, and so Player C wins the trick.

Object of the game

The object of the game is to win exactly the number of trick in the contract, no more and no less.

Scoring

• If a player makes his contract (with zero as the exception), he will receive the number of tricks squared plus ten. For example, a player that made a contract of three and did take three tricks will get 19 points (3*3+10=19).
• If a player does not make his contract (with zero as the exception), he will get minus ten points for each deviation (too many or too less) from his contract. Therefore, if a player bids 4 and wins 6, he will lose 20 points.
• A player that bids zero and makes it, will receive 50 points in an "under" game (the sum of bids is less than 13) and 25 in an "over" game (the sum of bids is more than 13).
• A player that bids zero and does not make it loses 50 point if he wins one trick. If he wins more than one trick, for each additional trick he receives 10 points. So a player that bids zero and wins one will get -50 points, and if he wins 2, he will get -40 points. Therefore, after winning one trick the player will want to win as many more additional tricks as he can.

Variations

• A three-player game can be played in two ways:
  1. take out a suit from the pack.
  2. take out all the cards numbering 2, 3, 4 and 5.
• No frisch
• No raising the minimum bid in a frisch
• The first Frisch is counter clockwise (to the left), the seconded is to the player across the table and the third to the right.

External links

• http://wist.every.one.co.il - Whist community
• http://www.whist.somee.com - whist enthusiasts site, including strategies and a forum