Jajce - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Jajce is a city and municipality located in the central part of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...

. It is part of the Central Bosnia Canton

Central Bosnia Canton

The Central Bosnia Canton is one of the ten cantons of The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-Geography:It is located in the center of the country, to the west of Sarajevo...

of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the two political entities that compose the sovereign country of Bosnia and Herzegovina . The two entities are delineated by the Inter-Entity Boundary Line...

entity. It is on the crossroads between Banja Luka

Banja Luka

-History:The name "Banja Luka" was first mentioned in a document dated February 6, 1494, but Banja Luka's history dates back to ancient times. There is a substantial evidence of the Roman presence in the region during the first few centuries A.D., including an old fort "Kastel" in the centre of...

, Mrkonjić Grad

Mrkonjic Grad

Mrkonjić Grad is a town and municipality in western Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Republika Srpska entity. It is located in the Bosanska Krajina, between Banja Luka and Jajce.-Name:...

and Donji Vakuf

Donji Vakuf

Donji Vakuf is a town and municipality in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, located between Jajce, Bugojno and Travnik. It is under the administration of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-Settlements:• Babin Potok• Babino Selo...

, on the confluence of the rivers Pliva and Vrbas.

History

Jajce was first built in the 14th century and served as the capital of the independent Bosnia

Bosnia (region)

Bosnia is a eponomous region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies mainly in the Dinaric Alps, ranging to the southern borders of the Pannonian plain, with the rivers Sava and Drina marking its northern and eastern borders. The other eponomous region, the southern, other half of the country is...

n kingdom during its time. The town has gates as fortifications, as well as a castle with walls which lead to the various gates around the town. Skenderbeg Mihajlović

Skenderbeg Mihajlović

Skender Pasha Mihajlovic was a sanjakbey of the Bosnian Sanjak in period 1478—1480, 1485—1491 and 1499—1504.According to some sources, he was member of Mihaloglu family and brother of Ali Bey Mihaloglu....

besieged Jajce in 1501, but without success because he was defeated by Ivaniš Korvin assited by Zrinski, Frankopan, Karlović and Cubor. When the Bosnian kingdom fell to the Ottoman Empire

Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...

in 1463, Jajce was taken by the Ottomans but was retaken next year

Siege of Jajce

The Siege of Jajce was a siege in 1463 and was part of the Ottoman–Hungarian Wars. The Hungarian victory meant the maintenance of Christiandom in Bosnia and - with the repulse of Ottoman forces - the protection of Hungarian territories for the 15th century....

by Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus. About 10–20 kilometres from the Jajce lies the Komotin Castle

Komotin Castle

Komotin Castle is a ruined castle in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Komotin is believed to have been built in the early 14th century. The last Bosnian King Stephen Tomašević issued a charter which gives Komotin his uncle Radivoj Kotromanić. The architecture shows that komotin was a manorial court....

and town area which is older but smaller than Jajce. It is believed the town of Jajce was previously Komotin but was moved after the black death.

During this period, Bosnian

Bosnia (region)

queen

Queen consort

A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king. A queen consort usually shares her husband's rank and holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles. Historically, queens consort do not share the king regnant's political and military powers. Most queens in history were queens consort...

Katarina Kosača-Kotromanić

Katarina Kosaca-Kotromanic

Blessed Catherine of Bosnia was the Queen consort of Bosnia as the wife of King Stephen Thomas. She was a daughter of Stjepan Vukčić Kosača, Duke of Saint Sava...

restored the Church of Saint Luke in Jajce, today the oldest church in town. Eventually, in 1527, Jajce became the last Bosnian town to fall to Ottoman

Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...

rule. There are several churches and mosques built in different times during different rules, making Jajce a rather diverse town in this aspect.

The Franciscan monastery of Saint Luke

Franciscan monastery of Saint Luke, Jajce

Franciscan monastery of Saint Luke is a Franciscan monastery in Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The construction began in 1877 and it finished in 1885. In 1934-1935 the monastery was renovated by Karel Pařík. Franciscans in the 1970s tried to return the bones of St...

was completed in 1885.
Jajce gained prominence during the Second World War because it hosted the second convention of the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia on November 29, 1943, a meeting that set the foundation for the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,...

after WWII.

At the beginning of the Bosnian war

Bosnian War

The Bosnian War or the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between April 1992 and December 1995. The war involved several sides...

, Jajce was inhabited by people from all ethnic groups, and was situated at a junction between areas of Serb majority to the north, Bosnian Muslim majority areas to the south-east and Croatian majority areas to the south-west.

At the end of April and the beginning of May 1992, almost all Serbs left the city and fled to territory under the Republika Srpska

Republika Srpska

Republika Srpska is one of two main political entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina...

control. The Serbian Orthodox Church (Crkva Uspenja Presvete Bogorodice) was blown up in the night between 10th and 11th of October 1992. In the summer of 1992, the Army of Republika Srpska

Army of Republika Srpska

The Army of Republika Srpska ; Serbian, Bosnian, Croatian Vojska Republike Srpske ) also referred to as the Bosnian Serb Army, was the military of today's Republika Srpska which was then the "Serbian Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina", a self-proclaimed state within the internationally recognized...

(VRS) started heavy bombardment of the city. Serb forces entered Jajce on October 29, 1992, apparently due to lack of cooperation between Bosnian government and Croat forces. The Bosniak and Croat population escaped through Divičani into Travnik

Travnik

Travnik is a city and municipality in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, 90 km west of Sarajevo. It is the capital of the Central Bosnia Canton, and is located in the Travnik Municipality. Travnik today has some 27,000 residents, with a metro population that is probably close to 70,000 people...

. In the Croat counteroffensives of August-September 1995 the town was taken by Croatian forces with most of the Serb population fleeing. Jajce became part of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

according to the Dayton Agreement

Dayton Agreement

The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as the Dayton Agreement, Dayton Accords, Paris Protocol or Dayton-Paris Agreement, is the peace agreement reached at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio in November 1995, and formally signed in Paris on...

Settlements

• Bare

Bare, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bare, Bosnia and Herzegovina is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Barevo

Barevo

Barevo is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Bavar

Bavar

Bavar is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Biokovina

Biokovina

Biokovina is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Bistrica

Bistrica (Jajce)

Bistrica is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Borci

Borci (Jajce)

Borci is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Božikovac

Božikovac

Božikovac is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Bravnice

Bravnice

Bravnice is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Brvanci

Brvanci

Brvanci is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Bučići

Bučići (Jajce)

Bučići is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Bulići

Bulići

Bulići is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Carevo Polje

Carevo Polje

Carevo Polje is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the place where, in 1463, Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror ordered the execution of the last King of Bosnia, Stephen Tomašević.-References:...

• Cvitović

Cvitović

Cvitović is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Čerkazovići

Čerkazovići

Čerkazovići is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Ćusine

Ćusine

Ćusine is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Divičani

Divičani

Divičani is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Dogani
• Donji Bešpelj

Donji Bešpelj

Donji Bešpelj is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Doribaba

Doribaba

Doribaba is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Drenov Do

Drenov Do

Drenov Do is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Dubrave

Dubrave (Jajce)

Dubrave is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Đumezlije

Đumezlije

Đumezlije is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Gornji Bešpelj

Gornji Bešpelj

Gornji Bešpelj is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Grabanta

Grabanta

Grabanta is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Grdovo

Grdovo

Grdovo is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Ipota

Ipota

Ipota is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Jajce
• Jezero

Jezero (Jajce)

Jezero is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Kamenice

Kamenice (Jajce)

Kamenice is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Karići

Karići (Jajce)

Karići is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Kasumi

Kasumi

Kasumi is a Japanese given name. It literally translates to "Mist".Places:* Kasumi, a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan* Kasumigaseki , a district in downtown TokyoPeople:...

• Klimenta

Klimenta

Klimenta is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Kokići

Kokići

Kokići is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Kovačevac

Kovačevac (Jajce)

Kovačevac is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Krezluk

Krezluk

Krezluk is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Kruščica

Kruščica (Jajce)

Kruščica is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Kuprešani

Kuprešani

Kuprešani is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Lendići

Lendići (Jajce)

Lendići is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Lučina

Lucina

In ancient Roman religion and myth, Lucina was the goddess of childbirth. She safeguarded the lives of women in labour. Later, Lucina was an epithet for Juno...

• Lupnica

Lupnica

Lupnica is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Ljoljići

Ljoljići

Ljoljići is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Magarovci

Magarovci

Magarovci is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Mile
• Peratovci

Peratovci

Peratovci is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Perućica

Perucica

Perućica is one of the last remaining primeval forests in Europe. It is located in Bosnia and Herzegovina, near the border with Montenegro, and is part of the Sutjeska National Park. The forest can only be explored in a company of rangers ....

• Podlipci

Podlipci

Podlipci is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Podmilačje

Podmilačje

Podmilačje is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Prisoje

Prisoje (Jajce)

Prisoje is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Prudi

Prudi

Prudi is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Pšenik

Pšenik

Pšenik is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Rika

Rika

Rika may refer to:*Rika, Ilam, Iran* Riq'a, a calligraphic variety of Arabic script.* Rika , also known as Fal, a character in the video game Phantasy Star IV.* Rika Diallina, Greek actress* Rika Fukami, a seiyu....

• Selište
• Seoci

Seoci (Jajce)

Seoci is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Smionica

Smionica

Smionica is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Stare Kuće

Stare Kuće

Stare Kuće is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Šerići

Šerići (Jajce)

Šerići is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Šibenica

Šibenica

Šibenica is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Vinac

Vinac

Vinac is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Vrbica

Vrbica (Jajce)

Vrbica is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina....

• Vukičevci

Vukičevci

Vukičevci is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

• Zdaljevac i Žaovine

Zdaljevac i Žaovine

Zdaljevac is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...

Sport

NK Maestral '95
NK Elektrobosna Jajce
RK Jajce
NK Jajce
KKVK Jajce
Auto moto klub Jajce
KK Vodopad
Mountaineering Club Cusine
Fishing Club Zlatovcica
Hunting Club Lisina
Hunting club Kuna Jajce

Demographics

In 1931 today's municipality of Jajce was part of the much bigger Jajce county (together with today's municipalities of Jezero

Jezero

Jajce or Jezero is a village and a municipality in western Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the western part of the Republika Srpska entity. The Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina uses both Jajce and Jezero as the official names of the municipality...

, Dobretići

Dobretici

Dobretići is a village and municipality in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is one of the youngest and smallest municipalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina hence being one of the poorest municipalities as well...

and Šipovo

Šipovo

Šipovo is a town and municipality in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the western part of the Republika Srpska entity and the southern part of the Bosanska Krajina region. The municipality covers an area of , much of which is forested. The Glogovac monastery of the Serb Orthodox...

Year	Serb	%	Muslims	%	Croats	%	Yugoslavs	%	Others	%	Total
Ethnic Composition
1931	24,176	49.84%	14,205	29.28%	10,080	20.78%	-	-	-	-	48,510
1961	8,670	25.14%	7,545	21.88%	13,733	39.82%	4,342	12.59%	198	0.57	34,488
1971	8,132	23.23%	14,001	40.00%	12,376	35.35%	208	0.59%	285	0.83%	35.002
1981	7,954	19.31%	15,145	36.76%	14,418	35.00%	3,177	7.71%	503	1.22%	41,197
1991	8,663	19.24%	17,380	38.61%	15,811	35.13%	2,496	5.54%	657	1.48%	45,007

365 Serbs and Muslims from Jajce are documented to be killed in Jasenovac

Jasenovac

Jasenovac is a village and a municipality in Croatian Slavonia, in the southern part of the Sisak-Moslavina county at the confluence of the river Una into Sava.The name means "ash tree" or "ash forest" in Croatian, the area being ringed by such a forest....

concentration camp.

1991

In the town itself, there was 13,579 people, with distribution by ethnic groups:

Bosniaks - 5,277 (38.86%)
Bosnian Serbs - 3,797 (27.96%)
Yugoslavs
Yugoslavs
Yugoslavs is a national designation used by a minority of South Slavs across the countries of the former Yugoslavia and in the diaspora...

- 2,217 (16.32%)
Bosnian Croats - 1,899 (13.98%)
others and unknown - 389 (2.88%)

1995

According to the Dayton agreement

Dayton Agreement

, municipality borders were changed, and included some villages with the Bosnian Croat majority before the war (Mrkonjić Grad

Mrkonjic Grad

Mrkonjić Grad is a town and municipality in western Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Republika Srpska entity. It is located in the Bosanska Krajina, between Banja Luka and Jajce.-Name:...

and Skender Vakuf municipalities) and excluded some villages with the Bosnian Serb or Bosniak majority before the war.

Jajce today

The economy of the Jajce municipality is nowadays weak. UNESCO has started to renovate the historical parts of the city together with Kulturarv utan gränser, a Swedish organisation (Cultural Heritage without Borders). The main project of the company was to renovate the old traditional houses which symbolised the panoramic view of the city and the waterfall. As of 2006, most of the houses were rebuilt.

In elections of 2007 Bosniak parties won majority in Jajce municipality.

Surroundings

The town is also famous for its beautiful waterfall

Waterfall

A waterfall is a place where flowing water rapidly drops in elevation as it flows over a steep region or a cliff.-Formation:Waterfalls are commonly formed when a river is young. At these times the channel is often narrow and deep. When the river courses over resistant bedrock, erosion happens...

where the Pliva River

Pliva River

Pliva is relatively small river in central parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, however one of the most significant in terms of natural, cultural and historical heritage and value as a natural rarity...

meets the river Vrbas. It was 30 meters high, but during the Bosnian war, the area was flooded and the waterfall is now 20 meters high. The flooding may have been due to an earthquake

Earthquake

An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time...

and/or attacks on the hydroelectric power plant further up the river.

The historical and cultural richness of Jajce and its municipality is attested by the presence of 24 national monuments http://kons.gov.ba/main.php?mod=spomenici&extra=Odluke&blok=2&indexGrad=1&lang=1&idGrad=46: the fortification sistem; "Burić"'s house; orthodox church "Presvete Bogorodice"; "Saint John" church in Podmilačje; the church of "Sv. Marija" with "Sv. Luka"'s tower bell; women's mosque; AVNOJ Museum; "Esma Sultanija"'s mosque; "Kraljev grob" (royal grave) in Zastinje; Jajce, and its ancient district; "Katakombe" and the underground church; "Kapetanović"'s house; "Kršlak"'s house; temple of the God "Mitra"; "Musafirhana"; necropolis with "stećci" in Vinac; "Omer-bey"'s house; the watermills complex on the Pliva's Lakes; Roman-catholic cemetery; "Sarač" house, the financial building, and the first elementary school; "Sinan-bey"'s mosque; "Hadžihafizadić"'s fountain; the fortress in Vinac; the fortress of Jajce.
Jajce also lies near Pliva lake and the rivers Pliva and Vrbas flow through the city. Jajce has a rich history and many remains of old times like the St Luke church and the fortress. Jajce was always known for its rich history but it was in the year 2006 that the city was first nominated to be listed as a UNESCO heritage site.

Jajce is situated in the mountains, there is a beautiful countryside near the city, rivers such as the Vrbas and Pliva, lakes like Pliva lake, which is also a popular destination for the local people and some tourists. This lake is called Brana in the local parlance. Not far from Jajce there are mountains that are over 2000 meters high like Vlasic near the city of Travnik

Travnik

. Travelling through the mountain roads to the city may not sit well with some visitors, because the roads are in poor condition, but the scenery is picturesque.

Fishing is very popular on the Pliva lake and river. A part of the 16th FIPS-Mouche European Fly Fishing Championship was held on the lake.

External links

Everything about Jajce
Image of Town and Waterfall
Official Website
Tourism in Jajce
Agency for Cultural, Historical and Natural Heritage and Development of Tourist Potential of Town Jajce
Tragovima bosanskog kraljevstva - Tourist route for medieval Bosnia (english)
Trail of the Bosnian Kingdom - Cultural Tourism in Jajce

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.