Jalal ad-Din khan
Encyclopedia
Jalal ad-Din (1380–1412) was the khan
of the Golden Horde
in 1411–1412. He was the son of Tokhtamysh
Khan. He is also famous for his written history of the Mongol Empire
.
After his father Tokhtamysh died in c.1405, Jalal ad-Din fled to Lithuania to seek assistance from the Lithuanian Grand Prince Vytautas the Great
. In 1410 he took part in the battle of Grunwald
, Tannenberg
under Vytautas against the Teutonic Knights
. The allies decisively inflicted a crushing defeat on the Military Order
.
In the following year, with Lithuanian support, he overthrew Temur Khan of the Golden Horde
, and retook the throne of Saray al-Jadid while his another opponent Edigu
was in Khorazm. Sometime after 1411 he minted coins with his name. According to a Russian chronicle, Jalal was murdered by his brother Karim Berdi after his brief reign.
Khan (title)
Khan is an originally Altaic and subsequently Central Asian title for a sovereign or military ruler, widely used by medieval nomadic Turko-Mongol tribes living to the north of China. 'Khan' is also seen as a title in the Xianbei confederation for their chief between 283 and 289...
of the Golden Horde
Golden Horde
The Golden Horde was a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate that formed the north-western sector of the Mongol Empire...
in 1411–1412. He was the son of Tokhtamysh
Tokhtamysh
Tokhtamysh was the prominent khan of the White Horde, who briefly unified the White Horde and Blue Horde subdivisions of the Golden Horde into a single state. He was a descendant of Genghis Khan's eldest grandson, Orda Khan or his brother Tuqa-Timur...
Khan. He is also famous for his written history of the Mongol Empire
Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire , initially named as Greater Mongol State was a great empire during the 13th and 14th centuries...
.
After his father Tokhtamysh died in c.1405, Jalal ad-Din fled to Lithuania to seek assistance from the Lithuanian Grand Prince Vytautas the Great
Vytautas the Great
Vytautas ; styled "the Great" from the 15th century onwards; c. 1350 October 27, 1430) was one of the most famous rulers of medieval Lithuania. Vytautas was the ruler of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania which chiefly encompassed the Lithuanians and Ruthenians...
. In 1410 he took part in the battle of Grunwald
Battle of Grunwald
The Battle of Grunwald or 1st Battle of Tannenberg was fought on 15 July 1410, during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War. The alliance of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respectively by King Jogaila and Grand Duke Vytautas , decisively defeated the Teutonic Knights, led...
, Tannenberg
Tannenberg
Tannenberg may refer to* Tannenberg, Saxony, a town in the district of Annaberg in the German state of Saxony* The German name for the village of Stębark in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland* Battle of Tannenberg or Battle of Grunwald...
under Vytautas against the Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...
. The allies decisively inflicted a crushing defeat on the Military Order
Military order
A military order is a Christian society of knights that was founded for crusading, i.e. propagating or defending the faith , either in the Holy Land or against Islam or pagans in Europe...
.
In the following year, with Lithuanian support, he overthrew Temur Khan of the Golden Horde
Golden Horde
The Golden Horde was a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate that formed the north-western sector of the Mongol Empire...
, and retook the throne of Saray al-Jadid while his another opponent Edigu
Edigu
Edigu was a Mongol emir of the White Horde who founded the new political entity, which came to be known as the Nogai Horde....
was in Khorazm. Sometime after 1411 he minted coins with his name. According to a Russian chronicle, Jalal was murdered by his brother Karim Berdi after his brief reign.