James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis
Encyclopedia
James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis (25 February 1743 – 20 January 1824) was a British
clergy
man and peer
.
Cornwallis was the third son of Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis
and his wife, Elizabeth. He was Rector
of Ickham
from 1769–73, of Addisham-with-Staple from 1770–81, of Newington
in 1770, Prebendary
of Westminster Abbey
from 1770–85, Vicar
of Wrotham
from 1771–85, Rector of Boughton Malherbe
from 1773–85 and Dean of Canterbury
from 1775-81. In 1781 he was appointed Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry and was Dean of Windsor
from 1791–94 and Dean of Durham from 1794 before dying in office in 1824.
On 30 April 1771, Cornwallis had married Catherine Mann (a sister of Sir Horatio Mann, 2nd Baronet) and they had one child, James. In 1814, he inherited Sir Horatio's estate at Linton Park
. In 1823, he inherited the earldom of Cornwallis
from his nephew, Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis
but held the title for less than a year, when it passed to his son.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
clergy
Clergy
Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given religion. A clergyman, churchman or cleric is a member of the clergy, especially one who is a priest, preacher, pastor, or other religious professional....
man and peer
Peerage
The Peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles in the United Kingdom, which constitute the ranks of British nobility and is part of the British honours system...
.
Cornwallis was the third son of Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis
Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis
Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis PC , styled The Honourable Charles Cornwallis until 1722 and known as The Lord Cornwallis between 1722 and 1753, was a British peer.-Background:...
and his wife, Elizabeth. He was Rector
Rector
The word rector has a number of different meanings; it is widely used to refer to an academic, religious or political administrator...
of Ickham
Ickham
Ickham is a village within the civil parish of Ickham and Well, five miles east of Canterbury in Kent, South East England.The village is centred around a single road with many old and well preserved houses, with the 13th-century Parish Church of St John the Evangelist in the midst...
from 1769–73, of Addisham-with-Staple from 1770–81, of Newington
Newington, Oxfordshire
Newington is a village and civil parish in South Oxfordshire, about north of Wallingford.The Church of England parish church of Saint Giles was built in the 12th century, its transepts were added about 1200 and the west tower and spire were added early in the 14th century.Gilbert Sheldon held the...
in 1770, Prebendary
Prebendary
A prebendary is a post connected to an Anglican or Catholic cathedral or collegiate church and is a type of canon. Prebendaries have a role in the administration of the cathedral...
of Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey
The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, popularly known as Westminster Abbey, is a large, mainly Gothic church, in the City of Westminster, London, United Kingdom, located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English,...
from 1770–85, Vicar
Vicar
In the broadest sense, a vicar is a representative, deputy or substitute; anyone acting "in the person of" or agent for a superior . In this sense, the title is comparable to lieutenant...
of Wrotham
Wrotham
Wrotham is a village situated on the Pilgrims' Way in Kent, at the foot of the North Downs. It is located one mile north of Borough Green and approximately five miles east of Sevenoaks. It is within the junction of the M20 and M26 motorways....
from 1771–85, Rector of Boughton Malherbe
Boughton Malherbe
For other "Boughtons" in Kent see Boughton under Blean; Boughton Malherbe; and Boughton MonchelseaBoughton Malherbe is a village and civil parish in the Maidstone district of Kent, England, situated between Maidstone and Ashford...
from 1773–85 and Dean of Canterbury
Dean of Canterbury
The Dean of Canterbury is the head of the Chapter of the Cathedral of Christ Church, Canterbury, England. The office of dean originated after the English Reformation, and its precursor office was the prior of the cathedral-monastery...
from 1775-81. In 1781 he was appointed Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry and was Dean of Windsor
Dean of Windsor
The Dean of Windsor is the spiritual head of the Canons of St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle. The Dean chairs meetings of the Chapter of Canons as primus inter pares.-List of Deans of Windsor:* William Mugge, 1348* Walter Almaly, 1380...
from 1791–94 and Dean of Durham from 1794 before dying in office in 1824.
On 30 April 1771, Cornwallis had married Catherine Mann (a sister of Sir Horatio Mann, 2nd Baronet) and they had one child, James. In 1814, he inherited Sir Horatio's estate at Linton Park
Linton Park
Linton Park, formerly Linton Place or Linton Hall, is a large 18th-century country house in Linton, Kent, England. Built by Robert Mann in 1730 to replace an earlier building, the house and estate passed through the ownership of several members of Mann's family before coming into the Cornwallis...
. In 1823, he inherited the earldom of Cornwallis
Earl Cornwallis
Earl Cornwallis was a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1753 for Charles Cornwallis, 5th Baron Cornwallis. The second Earl was created Marquess Cornwallis but this title became extinct in 1823, while the earldom and its subsidiary titles became extinct in 1852...
from his nephew, Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis
Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis
Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis , styled Viscount Brome until 1805, was a British Tory politician....
but held the title for less than a year, when it passed to his son.