Jan III of Oświęcim
Encyclopedia
Jan III of Oświęcim (1366 – by 19 August 1405) was a Duke of Oświęcim
since 1376 until his death.
He was the eldest child and only son of Duke Jan II of Oświęcim
by his wife Hedwig, daughter of Ludwik I the Fair
, Duke of Brzeg
. Initially, historians thought that Dukes Jan II and Jan III are the same person, until the discovery of further sources who confirmed Jan III's existence.
of Krakow
(although may be is a mistake with Jan I). Another proof of the presumed destination of Jan III to the spiritual career was the agreement in 1372, under which Jan II ensured the inheritance of Oświęcim
to Przemysław I Noszak, Duke of Cieszyn
on his death.
However, after Jan II's death in 1376, his son could succeeded him, but under the guardianship of Przemysław I Noszak. This fact confirms by a document from 25 November 1377 in which the Duke of Cieszyn approves the Oświęcim succession.
Despite his sujetion to the Duchy of Cieszyn, Jan III tried to hold an independent policy. In 1394 he married to Hedwig (d. aft. 13 May 1400), daughter of Algirdas
, Grand Duke of Lithuania
and sister of King Władysław II Jagiełło
of Poland, which enabled him to improved the relations between Poland
and his relative Władysław Opolczyk.
In 1397, together with the other Silesian Dukes and the Bishop of Wroclaw, Jan III signed in Legnica
an arrangement with the Polish King, to guarantee the common action against robbery. In 1399, Jan III tried to appease the anger of King Władysław II Jagiełło against the Bishop-Duke of Opole Jan Kropidło
.
In the internal politics, Jan III promoted and supported the development of the cities (granting privileges, among others, to the districts of Kęty
and Zator
) and the Church (in particular, like his father and grandfather, to the Dominican
s).
The last document in which Jan III appears dated from 1402. However, the historians conclude that Jan III died around three years later. He was buried in the Dominican monastery in Oświęcim
.
On his death without issue, Oświęcim was annexed to the Duchy of Cieszyn
.
Oswiecim
Oświęcim is a town in the Lesser Poland province of southern Poland, situated west of Kraków, near the confluence of the rivers Vistula and Soła.- History :...
since 1376 until his death.
He was the eldest child and only son of Duke Jan II of Oświęcim
Jan II of Oświęcim
Jan II of Oświęcim was a Duke of Oświęcim since 1372 until his death.He was the only son of Jan I the Scholastic, Duke of Oświęcim, by his first unknown wife.-Life:...
by his wife Hedwig, daughter of Ludwik I the Fair
Ludwik I the Fair
Ludwik I the Fair or Louis I the Fair also known as the Wise, the Right or of Brzeg , was a Duke of Legnica two times: first during 1342-1345 and secondly during 1345-1346 , and Duke of Brzeg from 1358...
, Duke of Brzeg
Brzeg
Brzeg is a town in southwestern Poland with 38,496 inhabitants , situated in Silesia in the Opole Voivodeship on the left bank of the Oder...
. Initially, historians thought that Dukes Jan II and Jan III are the same person, until the discovery of further sources who confirmed Jan III's existence.
Life
Little is known about Jan III's rule. Maybe, just like his grandfather Jan I the Scholastic, he was initially designed to the Church. This is confirmed by a document dated from 1379, where Jan III is called ScholasticScholasticism
Scholasticism is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics of medieval universities in Europe from about 1100–1500, and a program of employing that method in articulating and defending orthodoxy in an increasingly pluralistic context...
of Krakow
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
(although may be is a mistake with Jan I). Another proof of the presumed destination of Jan III to the spiritual career was the agreement in 1372, under which Jan II ensured the inheritance of Oświęcim
Oswiecim
Oświęcim is a town in the Lesser Poland province of southern Poland, situated west of Kraków, near the confluence of the rivers Vistula and Soła.- History :...
to Przemysław I Noszak, Duke of Cieszyn
Cieszyn
Cieszyn is a border-town and the seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has 36,109 inhabitants . Cieszyn lies on the Olza River, a tributary of the Oder river, opposite Český Těšín....
on his death.
However, after Jan II's death in 1376, his son could succeeded him, but under the guardianship of Przemysław I Noszak. This fact confirms by a document from 25 November 1377 in which the Duke of Cieszyn approves the Oświęcim succession.
Despite his sujetion to the Duchy of Cieszyn, Jan III tried to hold an independent policy. In 1394 he married to Hedwig (d. aft. 13 May 1400), daughter of Algirdas
Algirdas
Algirdas was a monarch of medieval Lithuania. Algirdas ruled the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1345 to 1377, which chiefly meant monarch of Lithuanians and Ruthenians...
, Grand Duke of Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state from the 12th /13th century until 1569 and then as a constituent part of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1791 when Constitution of May 3, 1791 abolished it in favor of unitary state. It was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic...
and sister of King Władysław II Jagiełło
Jogaila
Jogaila, later 'He is known under a number of names: ; ; . See also: Jogaila : names and titles. was Grand Duke of Lithuania , king consort of Kingdom of Poland , and sole King of Poland . He ruled in Lithuania from 1377, at first with his uncle Kęstutis...
of Poland, which enabled him to improved the relations between Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
and his relative Władysław Opolczyk.
In 1397, together with the other Silesian Dukes and the Bishop of Wroclaw, Jan III signed in Legnica
Legnica
Legnica is a town in south-western Poland, in Silesia, in the central part of Lower Silesia, on the plain of Legnica, riverside: Kaczawa and Czarna Woda. Between 1 June 1975 and 31 December 1998 Legnica was the capital of the Legnica Voivodeship. It is currently the seat of the county...
an arrangement with the Polish King, to guarantee the common action against robbery. In 1399, Jan III tried to appease the anger of King Władysław II Jagiełło against the Bishop-Duke of Opole Jan Kropidło
Jan Kropidło
Jan Kropidło , was Duke of Strzelce 1382–96, Duke of Opole from 1396 , Bishop of Poznań 1382–84, Bishop of Włocławek 1384–89, nominate Archbishop of Gniezno 1389–94, Bishop of Kamień 1394–98, Bishop of Chełmno 1398–1402, and again Bishop of Włocławek 1402 until his death.He was the eldest son of...
.
In the internal politics, Jan III promoted and supported the development of the cities (granting privileges, among others, to the districts of Kęty
Kety
Kęty is a town in Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland with 19,175 inhabitants .The town dates its earliest document from 1277 when Polish prince of Opole Władysław confirmed sale of the settlement and adoption of Lviv city rights. The town's name comes from the word kąt...
and Zator
Zator
Zator is an old town on the Skawa river within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland. From 1975 to 1998 it belonged to the Bielsko-Biała Voivodeship. It is the administrative seat of the Gmina Zator...
) and the Church (in particular, like his father and grandfather, to the Dominican
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
s).
The last document in which Jan III appears dated from 1402. However, the historians conclude that Jan III died around three years later. He was buried in the Dominican monastery in Oświęcim
Oswiecim
Oświęcim is a town in the Lesser Poland province of southern Poland, situated west of Kraków, near the confluence of the rivers Vistula and Soła.- History :...
.
On his death without issue, Oświęcim was annexed to the Duchy of Cieszyn
Cieszyn
Cieszyn is a border-town and the seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has 36,109 inhabitants . Cieszyn lies on the Olza River, a tributary of the Oder river, opposite Český Těšín....
.