Jan Stuyt
Encyclopedia
Jan Stuyt was a Dutch
architect
.
Stuyt started his architectural career in 1883 at the office of A.C. Bleys (1842-1912), whose neo-Romanesque style would become of great influence on Stuyt. In 1891 Stuyt joined the Cuypers
office in Amsterdam
, where he became an overseer of the building of the Cathedral of Saint Bavo
in Haarlem
between 1895 and 1898. In 1899, after a short career as an independent architect in which he built his first church, he formed a partnership with Jos Cuypers, son of Pierre Cuypers, which lasted until 1908. It seems that the architects in this period mostly worked on their own. Jan Stuyt mostly designed neo-Romanesque churches, often decorated with chessboard
-like tile-decorations, which are present in many of the churches both during and after the partnership. Cuypers chose a more neo-Gothic approach, closely related to the work of his father.
Stuyt's style was greatly influenced by Mediterranean (Italian
, Byzantine
, Islamic) architecture after his participation in the first Dutch pilgrimage
to Palestine
in 1903. Several of his most important churches were dome-churches, shaped after the Hagia Sophia
in Constantinople
. His less prestigious designs were often executed in a simple neo-Romanesque style, combining standard elements.
Besides churches Stuyt designed various other buildings and was also active in town planning, especially in the city of Heerlen
. He was an architect for housing corporation Ons Limburg and in that function made the planological design for the Molenberg
neighbourhood. In his profane designs influences from (neo-)Classicism
and the work of K.P.C. de Bazel are apparent.
After Stuyt's death, his son Giacomo C. Stuyt continued the office, but apparently with considerably less success. His first and best known work is the church of St. Paulus in Utrecht
of 1937, which has been demolished already.
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
architect
Architecture
Architecture is both the process and product of planning, designing and construction. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural and political symbols and as works of art...
.
Stuyt started his architectural career in 1883 at the office of A.C. Bleys (1842-1912), whose neo-Romanesque style would become of great influence on Stuyt. In 1891 Stuyt joined the Cuypers
Pierre Cuypers
Petrus Josephus Hubertus Cuypers was a Dutch architect. His name is most frequently associated with the Amsterdam Central Station and the Rijksmuseum , both in Amsterdam. More representative for his oeuvre, however, are numerous churches, of which he designed more than 100...
office in Amsterdam
Amsterdam
Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
, where he became an overseer of the building of the Cathedral of Saint Bavo
Cathedral of Saint Bavo
The Cathedral of Saint Bavo is a religious building in Haarlem, the Netherlands, built by the Catholics from 1895 to 1930 to replace the former Waterstaatskerk St. Joseph. That church was itself a replacement for the Sint-Bavokerk, that had been converted to Protestantism from Catholicism in 1578...
in Haarlem
Haarlem
Haarlem is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of North Holland, the northern half of Holland, which at one time was the most powerful of the seven provinces of the Dutch Republic...
between 1895 and 1898. In 1899, after a short career as an independent architect in which he built his first church, he formed a partnership with Jos Cuypers, son of Pierre Cuypers, which lasted until 1908. It seems that the architects in this period mostly worked on their own. Jan Stuyt mostly designed neo-Romanesque churches, often decorated with chessboard
Chessboard
A chessboard is the type of checkerboard used in the board game chess, and consists of 64 squares arranged in two alternating colors...
-like tile-decorations, which are present in many of the churches both during and after the partnership. Cuypers chose a more neo-Gothic approach, closely related to the work of his father.
Stuyt's style was greatly influenced by Mediterranean (Italian
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, Byzantine
Byzantine
Byzantine usually refers to the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages.Byzantine may also refer to:* A citizen of the Byzantine Empire, or native Greek during the Middle Ages...
, Islamic) architecture after his participation in the first Dutch pilgrimage
Pilgrimage
A pilgrimage is a journey or search of great moral or spiritual significance. Typically, it is a journey to a shrine or other location of importance to a person's beliefs and faith...
to Palestine
Palestine
Palestine is a conventional name, among others, used to describe the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River, and various adjoining lands....
in 1903. Several of his most important churches were dome-churches, shaped after the Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia is a former Orthodox patriarchal basilica, later a mosque, and now a museum in Istanbul, Turkey...
in Constantinople
Constantinople
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman, Eastern Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.-Names:...
. His less prestigious designs were often executed in a simple neo-Romanesque style, combining standard elements.
Besides churches Stuyt designed various other buildings and was also active in town planning, especially in the city of Heerlen
Heerlen
Heerlen is a city and a municipality in the southeastern Netherlands. The municipality is the second largest in the province of Limburg. It forms part of Parkstad Limburg, , an agglomeration of about 220,000 inhabitants.After its early Roman beginnings and a rather modest medieval period, Heerlen...
. He was an architect for housing corporation Ons Limburg and in that function made the planological design for the Molenberg
Molenberg
Molenberg is a former mining colony in the south-western part of Heerlen, southeastern Netherlands.When work started in 1913 it was called Molenbergpark ....
neighbourhood. In his profane designs influences from (neo-)Classicism
Neoclassical architecture
Neoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century, manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulas as an outgrowth of some classicizing...
and the work of K.P.C. de Bazel are apparent.
After Stuyt's death, his son Giacomo C. Stuyt continued the office, but apparently with considerably less success. His first and best known work is the church of St. Paulus in Utrecht
Utrecht (city)
Utrecht city and municipality is the capital and most populous city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation, and is the fourth largest city of the Netherlands with a population of 312,634 on 1 Jan 2011.Utrecht's ancient city centre features...
of 1937, which has been demolished already.
List of Designs
Note: Not all his designs were actually built. Designs during his work together with Jos Cuypers, between 1899-1908 are not listed here.- 1898 Design for a church in Lodz, Russian Poland
- 1899 Design for a church in Copenhagen, Denmark
- 1899-1900 Sloten: church St. Pancratius
- 1906 Zeelst: church tower of St. Willibrordus
- 1907 Weebosch: church of St. Gerardus Majella.
- 1908 Wijkeroog: church of St. Jozef
- 1909 Eindhoven: office-building for Coöperatieve Centrale Boerenleenbank
- 1909 Eindhoven: Director's house
- 1910 Berkel-EnschotBerkel-EnschotBerkel-Enschot is a village in the Netherlands, in the municipality of Tilburg. Formerly, it consisted of two villages, named Berkel and Enschot.Until 1997, Berkel-Enschot was a separate municipality....
: church of St. Willibrordus - 1911-1913 Alkmaar: restoration of town hall
- 1911 Naarden: church of St. Vitus
- 1911 OverloonOverloonOverloon, mun. Boxmeer, is a village in the Netherlands in the province of North Brabant. It is best known as the site of the National Museum of War and Resistance of the Netherlands, and for a World War II battle that occurred around the village in September and October 1944.As a result most of...
: church of St. Theobaldus - 1911 Klein-Zundert: church of St. Willibrordus
- 1911 HeemskerkHeemskerkHeemskerk is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland.-Local government:The municipal council of Heemskerk consists of 25 seats, which are divided as follows:* PvdA - 5 seats* CDA - 5 seats* VVD - 5 seats...
: town hall - 1912-1913 Bergen op ZoomBergen op ZoomBergen op Zoom is a municipality and a city located in the south of the Netherlands.-History:Bergen op Zoom was granted city status probably in 1266. In 1287 the city and its surroundings became a lordship as it was separated from the lordship of Breda. The lordship was elevated to a margraviate...
: church of St. Joseph - 1912 PurmerendPurmerendPurmerend is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland.The city is surrounded by polders, such as the Purmer, Beemster and the Wormer. The city became the trade center of the region but the population grew relatively slow. Only after 1960 did the population...
: town hall - 1913 RotterdamRotterdamRotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
: design for town hall - 1913-1915 Heilig Landstichting: Cenakelkerk church
- 1913-1914 TerborgTerborgTerborg is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland, in the east of the Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Oude IJsselstreek. The village lies about 7 km southeast of Doetinchem. The population is about 4600 inhabitants....
: church of St. Gregorius - 1913 Groningen: H. Hartkerk church
- 1913 HeilooHeilooHeiloo is a municipality and town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The community is part of the cooperation region Kennemerland and is located in the historical region of West Friesland....
: church of O.L.V. ter Nood - 1913 HeerlenHeerlenHeerlen is a city and a municipality in the southeastern Netherlands. The municipality is the second largest in the province of Limburg. It forms part of Parkstad Limburg, , an agglomeration of about 220,000 inhabitants.After its early Roman beginnings and a rather modest medieval period, Heerlen...
: Ambachtsschool (later called Technische School (Technical schoolTechnical schoolTechnical school is a general term used for two-year college which provide mostly employment-preparation skills for trained labor, such as welding, culinary arts and office management.-Associations supporting technical schools:...
)), located at 50.883745°N 5.974638°E - 1913 HoensbroekHoensbroekHoensbroek is a Dutch town in the municipality of Heerlen. It is situated in the southeast of Limburg, a province in the southeast of the Netherlands. Until 1982, Hoensbroek was a separate municipality....
: De Eerste Stap housing complex - 1915-1930 Heerlen: MolenbergMolenbergMolenberg is a former mining colony in the south-western part of Heerlen, southeastern Netherlands.When work started in 1913 it was called Molenbergpark ....
- 1915-1916 Maarn: Huis te Maarn
- 1915 Zoetermeer: church of St. Nicolaas
- 1915 Wormerveer: church of H. Maria Geboorte
- 1916-1917 's-Hertogenbosch: church of St. Catharina
- 1916-1917 Eindhoven: church of St. Anthonius van Padua
- 1916 Harmelen: church of St. Bavo
- 1917-1920 Brunssum: De Rozengaard garden village
- 1917-1918 Mariaparochie: church of O.L. Vrouwe van Altijddurende Bijstand
- 1917 Voerendaal: enlargement church of St. Laurentius
- 1918-1919 Geleen: AW Kolonie
- 1919-1922 Heemstede: Hageveld seminary
- 1919 IJsselmuiden: church of O.L. Vrouwe Onbevlekt Ontvangen
- 1920-1922 Heerlen: Vroedvrouwenschool (School for midwives)
- 1920 Amsterdam: church of St. Agnes
- 1921-1922 Den Haag: church of the Heilige Familie
- 1921-1924 Wierden: church of St. Johannes de Doper
- 1921 Brielle: ciborium
- 1921 Den Haag: design of House of Representatives
- 1922-1924 Almelo: church of St. Egbertus
- 1922-1924 Den Haag: church of St. Gerardus Majella
- 1923-1926 Amsterdam: church of St. Gerardus Majella
- 1923 Egmond a/d Hoef: church of H. Margarita Maria Alacoque
- 1925-1927 Zundert: church of St. Trudo
- 1925-1926 Geesteren: church of St. Pancratius
- 1925 Alkmaar: St. Elisabeth hospital
- 1926 Koningsbosch: church of O.L. Vrouw Onbevlekt Ontvangen
- 1926-1928 Nijmegen: Neboklooster
- 1926-1928 Almelo: St. Elisabeth hospital
- 1926-1927 Enschede: church O.L. Vrouwe van Altijddurende Bijstand
- 1927 Hillegom: church St. Joseph
- 1927 Heiloo: church St. Willibrordus
- 1928 De Steeg: church O.L. Vrouwe Hemelvaart
- 1928-1929 Zevenbergen: church of St. Bartholomeus
- 1929-1930 Dommelen: extension to church of St. Martinus
- 1930 Warmond: Philosophicum
- 1930 Heiloo: pilgrimage chapel of Onze Lieve Vrouwe ter Nood
- 1930-1931 Lisse: church of H.H. Engelbewaarders
- 1931-1932 Keijenborg: church of St. Johannes de Doper
- 1932 Valkenswaard: church of St. Nicolaas
- 1933 RomeRomeRome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
: Building for the Nederlands Instituut - 1934 Heerlen: Chapel for the Vroedvrouwenschool (School for midwives)
Year unknown
- AerdenhoutAerdenhoutAerdenhout is a small town in the municipality of Bloemendaal, the Netherlands. Located in the dunes between Haarlem and the Netherlands's popular beach town Zandvoort, it ranks as the wealthiest town in the Netherlands...
: houses Onder de Beuken, De Distel, Vredehove - HazerswoudeHazerswoudeHazerswoude is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It contained the towns of Hazerswoude-Dorp and Hazerswoude-Rijndijk, and the villages Groenendijk and Bent....
-Rijnsdijk: Lidwinagesticht - 's-Hertogenbosch: Koninklijke Drukkerij office building
- OverveenOverveenOverveen is an affluent town in North Holland in the Netherlands, in the municipality of Bloemendaal.Overveen lies on the eastern fringe of the North Sea dunes...
: houses - Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
: design for church of St. Andreas - RijswijkRijswijkRijswijk is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. It is a suburb of The Hague and covers an area of 14.48 km² ....
: school - RolducRolducRolduc is the name of a medieval abbey in Kerkrade, the Netherlands, which is now a Roman Catholic seminary and an affiliated conferencing center.-History:...
: extension to semimary