Jan van Bunnik
Encyclopedia
Jan van Bunnik was a Dutch Golden Age
landscape painter
.
in 1654 where he was sent to learn draftsmanship from Herman Saftleven
in 1668, under whom he studied three years; he afterwards spent some time in the Duchy of Cleves
and met Gerard Hoet
, who convinced him to visit Italy. According to Houbraken, who devoted three pages to his biography, he started his trip to Italy in Rees, Germany
with a Opperste Sales, and then set off for Frankfurt
on foot, where he spent some time with his art colleague Merian; either Maria Sibylla Merian
, or a son of Matthäus Merian
he had met in Utrecht, who would then have been studying with his stepfather Jacob Marrel
in Frankfurt. From there he travelled to Heidelberg
, and from there to Speyer
, where he worked for Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
and Raadsheer Jonkmans. From there he travelled to Strasbourg
, from there to Zurich
, and from there over the alps to Milan
. From Milan he travelled to Genoa
, where he had lessons from Pieter de Molijn
, a member of the Bentvueghels
with the nickname Tempeest. From there he travelled to Livorno
where he worked for the Dutch Consul or local ambassador, and from there travelled to Rome.
On his arrival at Rome he met several of the artists (and Bentvueghels) of his country, who received him with kindness, particularly Abraham Genoels
, Adriaen Honich (nicknamed Lossenbruier), Nicolas Piemont, Jacob Ferdinand Voet
, and the engraver Cornelis Bloemaert
. In their society he greatly improved himself, meeting Carlo Maratta
and learning to design the fine scenery in the environs of Rome in the popular manner of Italianate landscapes. On leaving Rome he went back and forth to Naples
, and only stopped in Rome on his way to Bologna
, Ferrara
, and Venice
, where he visited Johann Carl Loth
. He then passed through Milan again on the way to Modena
, where his works were so admired that he became court painter to Francesco II d'Este, Duke of Modena, who gave him a yearly stipend for 8 years wherein he made decorations for his various homes and buildings. When the Duke made a pilgrimage to Loreto, Marche, Van Bunnik accompanied him there and onwards to Rome, where this being his third trip there, he allowed himself to be accepted into the Bentvueghels with the nickname keteltrom. Soon afterwards, the Duke returned to Modena and stopped traveling, so Van Bunnik requested dismissal so he could return North.
The Duke gave him a pass to travel unhindered through France to his homeland, which he did, but in Turin
he met Jacob Ferdinand Voet, whom he had earlier met in Rome in the company of Cornelis Bloemaert
. From Turin they set out together for Lyon
, where they met Adriaen van der Cabel
, Peter van Bloemen
, and Gillis Wenix. They set off for Paris in the company of Jan's brother Jacob van Bunnik
who was a good painter of "bataljes" or battle scenes.
On his return to Holland he was employed by King William III
, then Prince of Orange, to ornament his palace at Loo. He died in Utrecht in 1727.
Dutch Golden Age
The Golden Age was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, military and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. The first half is characterised by the Eighty Years' War till 1648...
landscape painter
Landscape art
Landscape art is a term that covers the depiction of natural scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests, and especially art where the main subject is a wide view, with its elements arranged into a coherent composition. In other works landscape backgrounds for figures can still...
.
Biography
He was born at UtrechtUtrecht
Utrecht is a city in the Netherlands.The name may also refer to:* Utrecht , of which Utrecht is the capital* Utrecht , including the city of Utrecht* Bishopric of Utrecht* Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht...
in 1654 where he was sent to learn draftsmanship from Herman Saftleven
Herman Saftleven
Herman Saftleven the Younger , was a Dutch painter of the Baroque period.-Biography:Born in Rotterdam, Saftleven lived most of his life in Utrecht. His brothers, Cornelis Saftleven and Abraham Saftleven were both painters...
in 1668, under whom he studied three years; he afterwards spent some time in the Duchy of Cleves
Duchy of Cleves
The Duchy of Cleves was a State of the Holy Roman Empire. It was situated in the northern Rhineland on both sides of the Lower Rhine, around its capital Cleves and the town of Wesel, bordering the lands of the Prince-Bishopric of Münster in the east and the Duchy of Brabant in the west...
and met Gerard Hoet
Gerard Hoet
-Biography:Gerard Hoet trained with his father and brother who were glass painters, and Warnard van Rijsen, who lived in Zaltbommel, and who himself was a pupil of Cornelis van Poelenburgh in Utrecht. In 1672 Hoet moved to The Hague, but when the Count of Salis bought paintings at his mother's...
, who convinced him to visit Italy. According to Houbraken, who devoted three pages to his biography, he started his trip to Italy in Rees, Germany
Rees, Germany
Rees is a town in the district of Cleves in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the right bank of the Rhine, approx. 20 km east of Cleves...
with a Opperste Sales, and then set off for Frankfurt
Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main , commonly known simply as Frankfurt, is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2010 population of 688,249. The urban area had an estimated population of 2,300,000 in 2010...
on foot, where he spent some time with his art colleague Merian; either Maria Sibylla Merian
Maria Sibylla Merian
Maria Sibylla Merian was a naturalist and scientific illustrator who studied plants and insects and made detailed paintings about them...
, or a son of Matthäus Merian
Matthäus Merian
Matthäus Merian der Ältere was a Swiss-born engraver who worked in Frankfurt for most of his career, where he also ran a publishing house.-Early life and marriage:...
he had met in Utrecht, who would then have been studying with his stepfather Jacob Marrel
Jacob Marrel
Jacob Marrel was a German still life painter active in Utrecht during the Dutch Golden Age.-Biography:Jacob Marrel was born in Frankenthal. He moved with his family in 1624 to Frankfurt, where he became a student of Georg Flegel in 1627...
in Frankfurt. From there he travelled to Heidelberg
Heidelberg
-Early history:Between 600,000 and 200,000 years ago, "Heidelberg Man" died at nearby Mauer. His jaw bone was discovered in 1907; with scientific dating, his remains were determined to be the earliest evidence of human life in Europe. In the 5th century BC, a Celtic fortress of refuge and place of...
, and from there to Speyer
Speyer
Speyer is a city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany with approximately 50,000 inhabitants. Located beside the river Rhine, Speyer is 25 km south of Ludwigshafen and Mannheim. Founded by the Romans, it is one of Germany's oldest cities...
, where he worked for Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
Charles Louis, , Elector Palatine KG was the second son of Frederick V of the Palatinate, the "Winter King" of Bohemia, and his wife, Princess Elizabeth, daughter of King James I of England ....
and Raadsheer Jonkmans. From there he travelled to Strasbourg
Strasbourg
Strasbourg is the capital and principal city of the Alsace region in eastern France and is the official seat of the European Parliament. Located close to the border with Germany, it is the capital of the Bas-Rhin département. The city and the region of Alsace are historically German-speaking,...
, from there to Zurich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
, and from there over the alps to Milan
Milan
Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...
. From Milan he travelled to Genoa
Genoa
Genoa |Ligurian]] Zena ; Latin and, archaically, English Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria....
, where he had lessons from Pieter de Molijn
Pieter de Molijn
Pieter de Molijn was a Dutch Golden Age painter and engraver born in England.-Biography:He was baptized in the Dutch Reformed Austin Friars church in London. Little is known of his early training, but he probably traveled to Italy and in 1616 he became a member of the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke. He...
, a member of the Bentvueghels
Bentvueghels
The Bentvueghels were a society of mostly Dutch and Flemish artists active in Rome from about 1620 to 1720. They are also known as the Schildersbent .-Activities:...
with the nickname Tempeest. From there he travelled to Livorno
Livorno
Livorno , traditionally Leghorn , is a port city on the Tyrrhenian Sea on the western edge of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of approximately 160,000 residents in 2009.- History :...
where he worked for the Dutch Consul or local ambassador, and from there travelled to Rome.
On his arrival at Rome he met several of the artists (and Bentvueghels) of his country, who received him with kindness, particularly Abraham Genoels
Abraham Genoels II
-Biography:According to Arnold Houbraken, who devoted 10 pages to him in his compilation of artist biographies called the Schouwburg, he was a good portrait and landscape painter who was taught drawing by Jacob Backereel in Antwerp and Perspective by Nicolaes Fierlants in Den Bosch...
, Adriaen Honich (nicknamed Lossenbruier), Nicolas Piemont, Jacob Ferdinand Voet
Jacob Ferdinand Voet
Jacob Ferdinand Voet was a Flemish Baroque portrait painter.-Biography:According to the Netherlands Institute for Art History he was born at Antwerp as the son of the painter Elias Voet. He travelled to Rome in 1679-1680, Milan in 1680, Florence in 1681, Turin in 1682-1684, and returned to...
, and the engraver Cornelis Bloemaert
Cornelis Bloemaert
Cornelis Bloemaert II , was a Dutch Golden Age painter and engraver.-Biography:Bloemaert was born at Utrecht. He studied with his father, Abraham Bloemaert, his brothers Hendrick and Adriaan, and his father's pupil, Gerard van Honthorst...
. In their society he greatly improved himself, meeting Carlo Maratta
Carlo Maratta
Carlo Maratta or Maratti was an Italian painter, active mostly in Rome, and known principally for his classicizing paintings executed in a Late Baroque Classical manner. Although he is part of the classical tradition stemming from Raphael, he was not exempt from the influence of Baroque painting...
and learning to design the fine scenery in the environs of Rome in the popular manner of Italianate landscapes. On leaving Rome he went back and forth to Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
, and only stopped in Rome on his way to Bologna
Bologna
Bologna is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna, in the Po Valley of Northern Italy. The city lies between the Po River and the Apennine Mountains, more specifically, between the Reno River and the Savena River. Bologna is a lively and cosmopolitan Italian college city, with spectacular history,...
, Ferrara
Ferrara
Ferrara is a city and comune in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, capital city of the Province of Ferrara. It is situated 50 km north-northeast of Bologna, on the Po di Volano, a branch channel of the main stream of the Po River, located 5 km north...
, and Venice
Venice
Venice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
, where he visited Johann Carl Loth
Johann Carl Loth
Johann Carl Loth was a German Baroque painter, born in Munich but active most of his life in Venice.-Biography:He is also called Johann Karl, Karel, Carlotto, and Carlo Lotti. According to Houbraken he was one of three grand masters of art called "Karel" Johann Carl Loth (1632 – October 6, 1698)...
. He then passed through Milan again on the way to Modena
Modena
Modena is a city and comune on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy....
, where his works were so admired that he became court painter to Francesco II d'Este, Duke of Modena, who gave him a yearly stipend for 8 years wherein he made decorations for his various homes and buildings. When the Duke made a pilgrimage to Loreto, Marche, Van Bunnik accompanied him there and onwards to Rome, where this being his third trip there, he allowed himself to be accepted into the Bentvueghels with the nickname keteltrom. Soon afterwards, the Duke returned to Modena and stopped traveling, so Van Bunnik requested dismissal so he could return North.
The Duke gave him a pass to travel unhindered through France to his homeland, which he did, but in Turin
Turin
Turin is a city and major business and cultural centre in northern Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the left bank of the Po River and surrounded by the Alpine arch. The population of the city proper is 909,193 while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat...
he met Jacob Ferdinand Voet, whom he had earlier met in Rome in the company of Cornelis Bloemaert
Cornelis Bloemaert
Cornelis Bloemaert II , was a Dutch Golden Age painter and engraver.-Biography:Bloemaert was born at Utrecht. He studied with his father, Abraham Bloemaert, his brothers Hendrick and Adriaan, and his father's pupil, Gerard van Honthorst...
. From Turin they set out together for Lyon
Lyon
Lyon , is a city in east-central France in the Rhône-Alpes region, situated between Paris and Marseille. Lyon is located at from Paris, from Marseille, from Geneva, from Turin, and from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais....
, where they met Adriaen van der Cabel
Adriaen van der Cabel
Adriaen van der Cabel or Ary van der Touw , was a Dutch Golden Age landscape painter active in France and Italy.-Biography:He was born and grew up in the small town of Rijswijk, near The Hague. Cabel was also known as Ary...
, Peter van Bloemen
Peter van Bloemen
Pieter van Bloemen, called Standaart , first name also spelled Peter or Peeter, was a Flemish painter....
, and Gillis Wenix. They set off for Paris in the company of Jan's brother Jacob van Bunnik
Jacob van Bunnik
Jacob van Bunnik , was a Dutch Golden Age painter of battle scenes and the brother of Jan van Bunnik.-Biography:...
who was a good painter of "bataljes" or battle scenes.
On his return to Holland he was employed by King William III
William III of the Netherlands
William III was from 1849 King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg until his death and the Duke of Limburg until the abolition of the Duchy in 1866.-Early life:William was born in Brussels as son of William II of the Netherlands and...
, then Prince of Orange, to ornament his palace at Loo. He died in Utrecht in 1727.