The Kingdom of Janggala is one of the two Javanese

Java

Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...

 kingdoms that was formed when Airlangga

Airlangga

Airlangga was the only raja of the Kingdom of Kahuripan, which was built out of the rubble of the Kingdom of Medang after the Srivijaya invasion...

 abdicated his throne in favour of his two sons in 1045. The other Kingdom was Kediri. The Kingdom of Janggala comprised the northern part of the Kingdom of Kahuripan.

Etymology

The name Janggala was probably originated from the name "Hujung Galuh", or "Jung-ya-lu" according to Chinese source. Hujung Galuh located on the estuarine of Brantas

Brantas

The Brantas is the longest river in East Java. It drains an area over 11,000km² from the southern slope of Mount Kawi-Kelud-Butak, Mount Wilis, and the northern slopes of Mount Liman-Limas, Mount Welirang, and Mount Anjasmoro...

 river and today is the part of modern Surabaya

Surabaya

Surabaya is Indonesia's second-largest city with a population of over 2.7 million , and the capital of the province of East Java...

 city. This city served as an important port since the era of Kahuripan, Janggala, until the era of Kediri, Singhasari

Singhasari

Singhasari was a kingdom located in east Java between 1222 and 1292. The kingdom succeeded Kingdom of Kediri as the dominant kingdom in eastern Java.-Foundation:...

, and Majapahit. During Singhasari and Majapahit period the name of the port is changed back to Hujung Galuh.

Overview

Not much is known about the Kingdom of Janggala because the Kingdom of Kediri was the more dominant of the two. Janggala and Kediri were again united when the raja

Raja

Raja is an Indian term for a monarch, or princely ruler of the Kshatriya varna...

of Kadiri, Kameswara (1116-1136) married a princess of the Kingdom of Janggala, at which point the Kingdom of Janggala ceased to exist.

Kadiri and Janggala

Airlangga was the last great king of the Mataram kingdom of Java. At the end of his life he decided to divide his kingdom between his two sons which was Kadiri and Djanggala. “After establishing his kingdom between his two sons and he himself retired to life of monastic contemplation.” (Legge 30) Here we learn that Airlangga even before he died handed over his kingdom to retire to his own personal thought and meditation. This of coarse seems to be like what we in the world today do with our families in handing over our business to our younger sons in order for us to retire and live in relaxation. In this division Colin Brown writes in the book, A Short History of Indonesia, “The western portion of Mataram became Kadiri, the eastern part Janggala.” (Brown 24) A century later Kadiri took over the eastern Janggala empire under the command of Jayabaya in 1135-1157. As well as Janggala Kadiri also took control of Bali and Kalimantan.

Another account of Kadiri is by the author previously mentioned by J. D. Legge, Indonesia. He states that, “The successor kingdoms of Kadiri and Djanggala were in due course reunited under Ken Angrok who had usurped the throne of Djanggala and who founded the dynasty of Singhosari.” (Legge 30)

Putting this all together Kadiri, According to Brown, collapsed in 1222 defeated by the state of Tumapel in the Brantas River valley in the Malang region under the command of previously mentioned Ken Angrok. With this information we can state that Kadiri took over Djanggala and succeeded in ruling for a time until the coming of their neighbor Ken Angrok who took Kadiri over and assimilated into his domain.