Jayapa Nayudu
Encyclopedia
Jayapa Nayudu or Jayapa Senani was the military commander under Ganapatideva, the Kakatiya
king who ruled Andhra Pradesh
during the medieval period from his seat in Warangal
.
The defeat of Velanati Chodas
at the hands of Kakatiya
emperor Ganapatideva (1241 CE) led to many Nayaka warriors migrating to Warangal
and joining the Kakatiya army. Jayapa Nayudu, a valiant commander from Kammanadu
, was made the chief of the elephant wing in the army. Emperor Ganapatideva married Naramma and Peramma, sisters of Jayapa.
, also known as Diviseema
. Narappa had four sons Choda, Pina Choda, Bhima and Brahma. All the brothers served as commanders in the army of Velanati Choda kings.
conquest of Ganapatideva and was honoured with the title “Vairigodhuma Gharatta”. He built a temple (Ganapeswara) in the honour of Ganapatideva and made a grant of many villages to the temple (1231 CE). He built another temple (Chodeswara) in the name of his father Pinna Choda in Chebrolu (Guntur district) and made a grant of Modukuru village to meet the temple expenses. According to the Chebrolu
inscription (1235 CE, April 21) he also built two-storied quarters in two rows for Devadasis (Temple dancers) in front of the temple. Jayapa must have been an accomplished master of dance because his Sanskrit treatise “Nritya Ratnavali” is an authoritative text on Indian dance.
Jayapa is the first person who wrote about the dances prevalent in Andhra Pradesh
. Both Desi and Margi forms of dances have been included in Nritya Ratnavali. It contains eight chapters. Folk dance forms like Perani
, Prenkhana, Suddha Nartana, Carcari, Rasaka, Danda Rasaka, Shiva Priya, Kanduka Nartana, Bhandika Nrityam, Carana Nrityam, Chindu
, Gondali and Kolatam are described. In the first chapter the author deals with discussion of the differences between Marga and desi, tandava
and lasya
, Natya and nritta. In the 2nd and 3rd chapters he deals with angikabhinaya, caris
, Sthanakas and mandalas. In the 4th Chapter Karnas, angaharas and recakas are described. In following chapters he described the local dance forms i.e. desi nritya. In the last chapter he deals with art and practice of dance.
Kakatiya
The Kakatiya dynasty was an Indian dynasty that ruled most parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE, with Orugallu , now Warangal , as its capital. Orugallu is also called 'Eka Sila Nagaram'...
king who ruled Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh , is one of the 28 states of India, situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city by population is Hyderabad.The total GDP of Andhra Pradesh is $100 billion and is ranked third...
during the medieval period from his seat in Warangal
Warangal
Warangal is a city and a municipal corporation in Warangal district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Warangal is located northeast of the state capital of Hyderabad and is the administrative headquarters of Warangal District. This district is a combination of three cities: Warangal,...
.
The defeat of Velanati Chodas
Velanati Chodas
Velanati Chodas were one of the Telugu Choda families who ruled over parts of the Andhra Pradesh in 12th century...
at the hands of Kakatiya
Kakatiya
The Kakatiya dynasty was an Indian dynasty that ruled most parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE, with Orugallu , now Warangal , as its capital. Orugallu is also called 'Eka Sila Nagaram'...
emperor Ganapatideva (1241 CE) led to many Nayaka warriors migrating to Warangal
Warangal
Warangal is a city and a municipal corporation in Warangal district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Warangal is located northeast of the state capital of Hyderabad and is the administrative headquarters of Warangal District. This district is a combination of three cities: Warangal,...
and joining the Kakatiya army. Jayapa Nayudu, a valiant commander from Kammanadu
Kammanadu
Kammanadu is an ancient geographical region in the present day South Indian state of Andhra Pradesh in India.- Geography :The region straddled from the southern bank of Krishna river up to Kandukur . The word Kammanadu is derived from Karmarashtram or Kammaratham . Buddhism flourished in this...
, was made the chief of the elephant wing in the army. Emperor Ganapatideva married Naramma and Peramma, sisters of Jayapa.
Lineage
Jayapa belonged to Ayya Vamsa (clan) of Durjaya lineage. He was the son of Pinna Choda whose father Narappa was the governor of the estuary region of river KrishnaKrishna
Krishna is a central figure of Hinduism and is traditionally attributed the authorship of the Bhagavad Gita. He is the supreme Being and considered in some monotheistic traditions as an Avatar of Vishnu...
, also known as Diviseema
Diviseema
Diviseema is a small and fertile island in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India.-Geography:Diviseema is located in the delta area formed at Puligadda , where the Krishna River is divided into two before merging into the Bay of Bengal...
. Narappa had four sons Choda, Pina Choda, Bhima and Brahma. All the brothers served as commanders in the army of Velanati Choda kings.
Contributions
Jayapa participated in the KalingaKalinga
Kalinga is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Tabuk and borders Mountain Province to the south, Abra to the west, Isabela to the east, Cagayan to the northeast, and Apayao to the north...
conquest of Ganapatideva and was honoured with the title “Vairigodhuma Gharatta”. He built a temple (Ganapeswara) in the honour of Ganapatideva and made a grant of many villages to the temple (1231 CE). He built another temple (Chodeswara) in the name of his father Pinna Choda in Chebrolu (Guntur district) and made a grant of Modukuru village to meet the temple expenses. According to the Chebrolu
Chebrolu
Chebrolu, or Chebrole , is a town and a Mandal in Guntur district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India, located at . It is a major panchayat comprising three villages, Chebrolu, Pathareddypalem and Kothareddypalem and is the mandal headquarters. It was a regional fort for the Pallava, Chalukyas...
inscription (1235 CE, April 21) he also built two-storied quarters in two rows for Devadasis (Temple dancers) in front of the temple. Jayapa must have been an accomplished master of dance because his Sanskrit treatise “Nritya Ratnavali” is an authoritative text on Indian dance.
Jayapa is the first person who wrote about the dances prevalent in Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh , is one of the 28 states of India, situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city by population is Hyderabad.The total GDP of Andhra Pradesh is $100 billion and is ranked third...
. Both Desi and Margi forms of dances have been included in Nritya Ratnavali. It contains eight chapters. Folk dance forms like Perani
Perani
Perani is a village near Tindivanam and is a railway station in the south line of Chennai Suburban Railway....
, Prenkhana, Suddha Nartana, Carcari, Rasaka, Danda Rasaka, Shiva Priya, Kanduka Nartana, Bhandika Nrityam, Carana Nrityam, Chindu
Chindu
Chindu is a dalit cultural resource centre located in Hyderabad in India. Chindu is part of the dappu collective.It promotes Dalit arts, culture as well as empowers dalit leadership.-Administration:...
, Gondali and Kolatam are described. In the first chapter the author deals with discussion of the differences between Marga and desi, tandava
Tandava
' or ', the divine art form, is a dance performed by the god Shiva, who is revered by Hindus. According to Hindu mythology, Shiva’s Tandava is a vigorous dance that is the source of the cycle of creation, preservation and dissolution...
and lasya
Lasya
Lasya means beauty, happiness and grace. The term Lasya, in the context of Hindu mythology, describes the dance performed by Goddess Parvathi as it expresses happiness and is filled with grace and beauty...
, Natya and nritta. In the 2nd and 3rd chapters he deals with angikabhinaya, caris
CARIS
CARIS is a software company that develops and supports geomatics software for land and marine applications.The company was founded in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada in 1979 as Universal Systems Ltd...
, Sthanakas and mandalas. In the 4th Chapter Karnas, angaharas and recakas are described. In following chapters he described the local dance forms i.e. desi nritya. In the last chapter he deals with art and practice of dance.