Jean-Xavier Bureau de Pusy
Encyclopedia
Jean-Xavier Bureau de Pusy (born 7 January 1750 at Port-sur-Saône
in the department of Haute-Saône
- died 2 February 1806 in Genoa
, Italy
) was a French military engineer
, and politician, during the French Revolution
.
in 1786, in 1789 he was captain with the Royal corps of Engineers.
with the National Constituent Assembly
, Jean-Xavier Bureau of Pusy was three times named chair:
He contributed actively to the division of France into 83 departments, in 1790, and with the metric system.
In 1790, he corresponded with Alexander Hamilton
.
In 1792. he was a subordinate under Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, at Metz. He was captured at Rochefort, Belgium
, and imprisoned by the Austria
ns at the fortress of Olmütz in 1792. He was released in 1797, under the terms of the treaty of Campo-Formio (18 October 1797).
, and was prefect under First Empire
. In 1799, he corresponded with Thomas Jefferson
.
His son, Maurice de Pusy (1799–1864), married Maltilde de Lafayette, daughter of Georges de Lafayette, and Emilie de Tracy; granddaughter of Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, and Destutt de Tracy
.
Port-sur-Saône
Port-sur-Saône is a commune in the Haute-Saône department in the region of Franche-Comté in eastern France.-Twin towns:Port-sur-Saône is twinned with: Brest in Belarus-References:*Notes...
in the department of Haute-Saône
Haute-Saône
Haute-Saône is a French department of the Franche-Comté région, named after the Saône River.- History :The department was created in the early years of the French Revolution through the application of a law dated 22 December 1789, from part of the former province of Franche-Comté...
- died 2 February 1806 in Genoa
Genoa
Genoa |Ligurian]] Zena ; Latin and, archaically, English Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria....
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
) was a French military engineer
Engineer
An engineer is a professional practitioner of engineering, concerned with applying scientific knowledge, mathematics and ingenuity to develop solutions for technical problems. Engineers design materials, structures, machines and systems while considering the limitations imposed by practicality,...
, and politician, during the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
.
Military career
He was a military engineer at the Fort de JouxFort de Joux
The Fort de Joux or Château de Joux is a castle, transformed into a fort, located in La Cluse-et-Mijoux, in the Doubs département, in the Jura mountains of France. It commands the mountain pass "Cluse de Pontarlier"....
in 1786, in 1789 he was captain with the Royal corps of Engineers.
Political career
Deputy of nobilityNobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
with the National Constituent Assembly
National Constituent Assembly
The National Constituent Assembly was formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789, during the first stages of the French Revolution. It dissolved on 30 September 1791 and was succeeded by the Legislative Assembly.-Background:...
, Jean-Xavier Bureau of Pusy was three times named chair:
- from 2 to 24 February 1790;
- from 11 to 24 September 1790;
- from 24 May to 5 June 1791.
He contributed actively to the division of France into 83 departments, in 1790, and with the metric system.
In 1790, he corresponded with Alexander Hamilton
Alexander Hamilton
Alexander Hamilton was a Founding Father, soldier, economist, political philosopher, one of America's first constitutional lawyers and the first United States Secretary of the Treasury...
.
In 1792. he was a subordinate under Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, at Metz. He was captured at Rochefort, Belgium
Rochefort, Belgium
Rochefort is a Walloon municipality located in the Belgian province of Namur close to the Ardennes. On January 1, 2006 Rochefort had a total population of 12,038. The total area is 165.27 km² which gives a population density of 73 inhabitants per km²...
, and imprisoned by the Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
ns at the fortress of Olmütz in 1792. He was released in 1797, under the terms of the treaty of Campo-Formio (18 October 1797).
First Empire
He visited the United StatesUnited States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, and was prefect under First Empire
First French Empire
The First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
. In 1799, he corresponded with Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence and the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom , the third President of the United States and founder of the University of Virginia...
.
His son, Maurice de Pusy (1799–1864), married Maltilde de Lafayette, daughter of Georges de Lafayette, and Emilie de Tracy; granddaughter of Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, and Destutt de Tracy
Destutt de Tracy
Antoine Louis Claude Destutt, comte de Tracy was a French Enlightenment aristocrat and philosopher who coined the term "ideology".-Life:The son of a distinguished soldier, Claude Destutt, he was born in Paris...
.