Jhumri Tilaiya
Encyclopedia
Jhumri Taliya is a town situated in the north-western region of Koderma District
Koderma District
Koderma district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India, and Koderma is the administrative headquarters of this district.Koderma district was created on 10 April 1994, after being carved out of the original Hazaribagh district...

 in Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...

, India. It is situated in the Damodar Valley.

History

Jhumri Telaiya was once a major mica
Mica
The mica group of sheet silicate minerals includes several closely related materials having highly perfect basal cleavage. All are monoclinic, with a tendency towards pseudohexagonal crystals, and are similar in chemical composition...

 mining
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or seam. The term also includes the removal of soil. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock...

 centre. While laying a railroad through Koderma in 1890s, the British
British Raj
British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...

 first discovered vast mica deposits in this region. Mining activities started soon after and many mining houses were established. CH Private Ltd. of Chatu Ram Bhadani and Horil Ram Bhadani was the predecessor of Mica Kings
Mica Kings
Mica Kings refer to a business house, which took shape in the early twentieth century, in Koderma, Jharkhand state, India. This business house, at one point in time, controlled the largest share of mica mining and export activity in the world.- Location :...

, which controlled the largest share of mica mining and export activity in the world at a time. next mica mining come to mr. kartik kumar at Markacho.

Prosperous businessmen built huge mansions in Jhumri Telaiya. Till late 1960s, Mercedes
Mercedes (car)
Mercedes was a brand of the Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft . DMG which began to develop in 1900, after the death of its co-founder, Gottlieb Daimler...

 and Porsche
Porsche
Porsche Automobil Holding SE, usually shortened to Porsche SE a Societas Europaea or European Public Company, is a German based holding company with investments in the automotive industry....

 cars, and thoroughbred
Thoroughbred
The Thoroughbred is a horse breed best known for its use in horse racing. Although the word thoroughbred is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, it technically refers only to the Thoroughbred breed...

s from Arabia used to be common in Jhumri Taliya. The town once boasted of most number of phone connections and phone calls made in India.

Most of the mica,extracted from DOMCHANCH used to be exported to USSR, for space and military equipment. With the dissolution of the USSR and the discovery of a synthetic substitute for mica, the mining activity declined in 1990s. The huge mansion
Mansion
A mansion is a very large dwelling house. U.S. real estate brokers define a mansion as a dwelling of over . A traditional European mansion was defined as a house which contained a ballroom and tens of bedrooms...

s belonging to the mine owners, sprawling over acre
Acre
The acre is a unit of area in a number of different systems, including the imperial and U.S. customary systems. The most commonly used acres today are the international acre and, in the United States, the survey acre. The most common use of the acre is to measure tracts of land.The acre is related...

s of land, can still be found in the town. Mica Kings
Mica Kings
Mica Kings refer to a business house, which took shape in the early twentieth century, in Koderma, Jharkhand state, India. This business house, at one point in time, controlled the largest share of mica mining and export activity in the world.- Location :...

 were still active in Jhumri Telaiya as of 2007.
Apart from that business was moved to government corporations sometime in 1973-74 through a government venture called as Bihar Mica Syndicate which was having Mica mines in Sapahi, 40 km from Jhumri Telaiya. This government venture was renamed to Bihar State Mineral Development corporation (BSMDC), which is now known as Jharkhand State Mineral Development corporation (JSMDC) (after the formation of a new state of Jharkhand).
Mica mining through government corporations went on well into the mid 1990s and slowly succumbed to lack of demand / political willpower and changing times.

Vividh Bharati

Jhumri Tilaiya was originally a sleepy mining town, which became famous in India in 1957 owing to its connection with Vividh Bharati
Vividh Bharati
The Vividh Bharati Service of All India Radio was conceptualized to combat Radio Ceylon in 1957. Within no time it proved to be a popular channel of every household. Vividh Bharati radio channel was launched on October 3, 1957. The service provides entertainment for nearly 15 to 17 hours a day...

, a nationally broadcast radio service. At a time when numerous television channels and FM radio stations were yet to come to India, the Vividh Bharati radio shows were a national phenomenon. A large number of song requests on the Vividh Bharati programmes would come from Jhumri Telaiya. Young listeners from this town would compete among themselves to send out the most song requests in a day or month. One requester, Rameswar Burnwal from Jhumri Tilaiya, managed to get his name repeated on the show almost on a daily basis. Other frequent requesters were Arvind Seth, Mr.Nandlal Sinha and Mrs. Radha Sinha from Nawada Basti, Ramji Prasad, Sacchidanand Prasad and Triloki Prasad from Khudra Patti. Requester Arvind Seth was even invited for an interview on the television show Aaj Tak
Aaj Tak
Aaj Tak is a 24-hour Hindi news television channel owned by TV Today Network Ltd. Aaj Tak loosely translates as "Till Today" or "Up to the Minute". Watched by some 45 million viewers in India’s cable and satellite universe, Aaj Tak is one of India’s largest privately owned news channels...

.Vividh Bharati Radio listeners thus became familiar with the town of Jhumri Tilaiya

Implications of the name

Some people used to doubt the existence of Jhumri Telaiya, believing it to be an imaginary place. The name also carried overtones of derision and insignificance. For instance, the phrase "Medical Journal of Jhumri Talaiya" would often be used to refer to a shoddily produced, insignificant medical journal.

In many ways, Jhumri Telaiya is the Indian equivalent of Timbuktoo, also widely considered to be an imaginary place. This reference is seen in several Hindi movies. Often, when Jhumri Telaiya natives attend an interviews, they are greeted with surprise that a town called Jhumri telaiya, listed in their resume, actually exists.

Jhumri which is a village in Jharkhand, whereas the word "talaiya" comes from Hindi word "tal" which means pond. Jhumri is also said to be a local folk dance. Some people believe it originates from "Jhuri", the local word for "brush", which is commonly used as fuel for cooking in the villages. Another theory is that the town of Jhumri Telaiya gets its name from to its location between two separate villages Jhumri and Telaiya Dam.

Geography

Jhumri Taliya is located at 24.43°N 85.52°E. It has an average elevation of 384 m (1,259.8 ft). It is situated about eight kilometres from Koderma. The entire town is divided by the grand cord line of Eastern Railway
Eastern Railway (India)
The Eastern Railway is one of the 17 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place, Kolkata, and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. These are the financial departments and each has an assistant divisional financial manager , divisional railway...

, which passes through the middle of the town.

Telaiya dam and reservoir

Tilaiya Dam
Tilaiya Dam
Tilaiya dam was the first of the four multi-purpose dams included in the first phase of the Damodar Valley Corporation. It was constructed across the Barakar River, at Tilaiya in Koderma district in the Indian state of Jharkhand and opened in 1953....

 is the first dam and hydro-electric power
Hydropower
Hydropower, hydraulic power, hydrokinetic power or water power is power that is derived from the force or energy of falling water, which may be harnessed for useful purposes. Since ancient times, hydropower has been used for irrigation and the operation of various mechanical devices, such as...

 station constructed by the Damodar Valley Corporation across Damodar River. The dam has historic significance since it is the first dam built in post-independent India and it was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister of India Jawahar Lal Nehru. The dam is 1200 ft (365.8 m) and 99 ft (30.2 m). The Telaiya reservoir is spread over 36 km² area. There are many educational institutes within the vicinity of Telaiya dam. The most famous of them is Sainik School (Army School) Telaiya. The entire area is surrounded by lush green vegetataion. This is an ideal place for a picnic. The main objective of the dam was controlling floods. There is a hydroelectric
Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy...

 power station, which a capacity of 4MW. The dam and its surroundings are also a tourist attraction.

The reservoir was stocked with 181,449 fingerlings of mrigal
Mrigal
The Mrigal carp , also known as Indian Carp, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Cirrhinus. Native to the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers of the Indian Subcontinent, it is extensively aquafarmed, with 463,520 t harvested in 2008....

, 103,480 fingerlings of rohu
Rohu
Rohi or Rohu is a fish of the carp family Cyprinidae, found commonly in rivers and freshwater lakes in and around South Asia and South-East Asia. It is a herbivore. It is treated as a delicacy in Bangladesh, Nepal and the Indian states of Orissa, Assam, West Bengal, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh...

 and 27,211 fingerlings of catla
Catla
Catla catla, , also known as Indian Carp, is the only member of the genus Catla, of the carp family Cyprinidae. It is a fish with a large protruding lower jaw. It is commonly found in rivers and freshwater lakes in India , Nepal, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Pakistan...

 fish in 1968. This heavy stocking did not affect the fishery
Fishery
Generally, a fishery is an entity engaged in raising or harvesting fish which is determined by some authority to be a fishery. According to the FAO, a fishery is typically defined in terms of the "people involved, species or type of fish, area of water or seabed, method of fishing, class of boats,...

 until 1970-71, largely due to the presence of the predatory catfish
Catfish
Catfishes are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, catfish range in size and behavior from the heaviest and longest, the Mekong giant catfish from Southeast Asia and the second longest, the wels catfish of Eurasia, to detritivores...

. Other predatory fish species such as Notopterus chitala
Notopteridae
The family Notopteridae contains eight species of osteoglossiform fishes, commonly known as featherbacks and knifefishes. They are small fishes living in freshwater or brackish environments in Africa and South-east Asia....

 and Barilius bola
Cyprinid
The family Cyprinidae, from the Ancient Greek kyprînos , consists of the carps, the true minnows, and their relatives . Commonly called the carp family or the minnow family, its members are also known as cyprinids...

 were also common.

Places of interest near Jhumri Taliya include Rajgir
Rajgir
Rajgir is a city and a notified area in Nalanda district in the Indian state of Bihar. The city of Rajgir was the first capital of the kingdom of Magadha, a state that would eventually evolve into the Mauryan Empire. Its date of origin is unknown, although ceramics dating to about 1000 BC have...

, Nalanda
Nalanda
Nālandā is the name of an ancient center of higher learning in Bihar, India.The site of Nalanda is located in the Indian state of Bihar, about 55 miles south east of Patna, and was a Buddhist center of learning from the fifth or sixth century CE to 1197 CE. It has been called "one of the...

, Hazaribagh National Park
Hazaribagh National Park
Hazaribagh National Park, about 135 km from Ranchi is also a sanctuary adorned with scenic beauties. The park has also the same features as that of Betla to some extent. The park has tigers, panthers, sambhars, spotted deer, bisons and a number of mammalian faunas. There are some towers which...

, Sonbhandar Caves (rumored to have hidden Mauryan treasures), Sammed Shikhar
Shikharji
Shikharji or Śrī Sammed Śikharjī , also known as the Parasnath Hill, located in Giridih district in Jharkhand state, India, is a major Jain pilgrimage destination and is the most sacred place for Jains in the world. According to Jain belief, twenty of the twenty-four Tirthankaras attained Moksha ...

 (Jain pilgrimage), Dhwajadhari Hill, Satagawan Petro falls, the tomb of Sant
Sant Mat
Sant Mat was a loosely associated group of teachers that became prominent in the northern part of the Indian sub-continent from about the 13th century...

 Paramhans Baba at Domchanch, Makamaro Hills, and Shaktipeeth Maa Chanchala Devi.

Administration

Jhumri Taliya is situated in the Kodarma district of the newly built Jharkhand state which is separated from Bihar. The PIN
Postal Index Number
A Postal Index Number or PIN or Pincode is the post office numbering or post code system used by India Post, the Indian postal administration. PIN stands for Postal Index Number and the code is 6 digits long. The PIN was introduced on August 15, 1972.-Structure:There are nine PIN zones in India,...

 code of Jhumri Taliya is 825409.

Transport

The town has a railway station and it is known as Koderma railway station. Since the station falls on the Grand chord Delhi-Howrah route, the town is well connected to major Indian cities like Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...

, Kolkata
Kolkata
Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...

, Mumbai
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...

, Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad also known as Karnavati is the largest city in Gujarat, India. It is the former capital of Gujarat and is also the judicial capital of Gujarat as the Gujarat High Court has its seat in Ahmedabad...

, Lucknow
Lucknow
Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....

, Bhubaneswar
Bhubaneswar
Bhubaneswar is the capital of the Indian state of Orissa, officially Odisha. The city has a long history of over 2000 years starting with Chedi dynasty who had Sisupalgarh near present-day Bhubaneswar as their capital...

 etc. by large no. of trains including Rajdhani express. Owing to the large railway traffic, the station is being converted into a junction. Buses, jeeps, and three wheelers connect Jhumri Taliya with nearby towns and villages.

Gaya junction(74 km), Gomoh (94 km) (now Subhas Chandra Bose Junction) are the nearest railway junctions. Bokaro
Bokaro Steel City
Bokaro Steel City is one of the largest Industrial city situated in the State of Jharkhand, in India. Bokaro is the 48th cleanest city in India and second in Jharkhand after Jamshedpur and one of the best cities to live in India...

 (127 km) is another nearby major railway station.

The nearest airport is Ranchi(capital of JHARKHAND) (162 km). Patna
Patna
Paṭnā , is the capital of the Indian state of Bihar and the second largest city in Eastern India . Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world...

, the capital of Bihar
Bihar
Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....

 state, is situated 175 km away from the town.

The National highway No. 31 that crosses Jhumri Telaiya is popularly known as Ranchi-Patna Road. It is located is 23 km from the Grand Trunk Road
Grand Trunk Road
The Grand Trunk Road also formerly known as Uttarapatha, Shah Rah-e-Azam or Sadak-e-Azam or Badshahi Sadak is one of South Asia's oldest and longest major roads...

. The Koderma valley is famous for its U-turns and known as Jilebi Ghati (Jalebi
Jalebi
-Further reading:*Epicure's Delectable Desserts of the World By Asha Khatau ISBN 81-7991-119-5...

 Valley").

Industries

In recent years Telaiya had become incubator for small scale industries because of its proximity to easy access to minerals, better highway and rail connectivity,better power infrastructure because of DVC sub station.It has RIADA industrial area which has hand pump and mica powder manufacturing unit.Telaiya has numerous spong iron plants and mica units. Two mega power plant also coming up. One is the 1000 megawatt Banjhedih power plant and one is ADAG's 4000 megawatt power plant. On the banking sector, many national and private banks are available including State Bank of India
State Bank of India
The State Bank of India is the largest Indian banking and financial services company with its headquarters in Mumbai, India. It is state-owned. The bank traces its ancestry to British India, through the Imperial Bank of India, to the founding in 1806 of the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest...

, Union Bank of India
Union Bank of India
Union Bank of India is one of India's largest state-owned banks , is listed on the Forbes 2000. It has assets of USD 13.45 billion and all the bank's branches have been networked with its 1135 ATMs. Its online Telebanking facility are available to all its Core Banking Customers - individual as...

, Bank of Baroda
Bank of Baroda
Bank of Baroda is the third largest bank in India, after the State Bank of India and the Punjab National Bank and ahead of ICICI Bank. BoB is ranked 763 in Forbes Global 2000 list. BoB has total assets in excess of Rs. 3.58 lakh crores, or Rs. 3,583 billion, a network of over 3,409 branches and...

, Bank of India
Bank of India
Bank of India is a state-owned commercial bank with headquarters in Mumbai. Government-owned since nationalization in 1969, It is India's 4th largest bank, after State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank and Bank of Baroda. It has 3415 branches, including 29 branches outside India...

, United Bank of India
United Bank of India
United Bank of India is a state-owned financial services company headquartered in Kolkata, India. Presently the bank has a three-tier organizational setup consisting of its Head office in Kolkata, 31 Regional offices and 1600 branches spread all over India. However, its major presence is in...

, Allahabad Bank
Allahabad Bank
Allahabad Bank , , which began operations in 1865, has its head-quarters in Kolkata. Currently the bank has 2500 branches across the country. The Chairman and Managing Director of the bank is Shri J. P. Dua. The bank has a branch in Hong Kong and a representative office in Shenzen.-19th...

, ICICI Bank
ICICI Bank
ICICI Bank Ltd. is India's second largest financial services company headquartered in Mumbai, India. It offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its specialised subsidiaries in the areas of...

, HDFC Bank
HDFC Bank
HDFC Bank Limited is a major Indian financial services company based in India, incorporated in August 1994, after the Reserve Bank of India allowed establishing private sector banks. The Bank was promoted by the Housing Development Finance Corporation, a premier housing finance company of India...

 etc. along with their ATMs.

This town has many hotels and restaurant. The Centre Square Hotel CSQ , situated right at the centre of the town , near Jhanda Chowk.

Recently this town has seen a new Web service entrant as WebWOX, Showing concern over the development of such service provider emerging form this place.

Demographics

Hindi
Hindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...

 is the major language of the town. Apart from this, Punjabi, Bengali, Marwari, Magahi, and English are also spoken by people in this town. As of 2001 India census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

, Jhumri Taliya had a population of 69,444. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Jhumri Taliya has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 52%. In Jhumri Taliya, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Education

There are 12 primary schools, 8 upper schools,5 secondary schools, 2 higher secondary schools and 4 degree colleges in Jhumri Telaiya.

Schools

  • Grizzly Vidyalaya
    Grizzly Vidyalaya
    Grizzly Vidyalaya is a co-educational English medium daycare and residential public school, located in Jhumri Telaiya, Jharkahnd, India. It was founded in 1999 by Grizzly Charitable Trust. The School is affiliated with CBSE, Delhi.-General information:...

     : An ISO 2000:9001 Certifield, CBSE Affiliated Residential School.Located in the lap of Damoder Valley.
  • Saraswati Shishu Mandir: This is governed by the Bal Bharti Samiti, on of the sub group of rashtriya swayamsevak sangh (RSS), and is serving the society since 1984.
  • Sainik School
    Sainik School
    The Sainik Schools are a system of schools in India established and managed by the Sainik Schools Society. They were conceived in 1961 by V. K. Krishna Menon, the then Defence Minister of India, to rectify the regional and class imbalance amongst the Officer cadre of the Indian Military, and to...

     Taliya: It is the 12th in the chain of Sainik School
    Sainik School
    The Sainik Schools are a system of schools in India established and managed by the Sainik Schools Society. They were conceived in 1961 by V. K. Krishna Menon, the then Defence Minister of India, to rectify the regional and class imbalance amongst the Officer cadre of the Indian Military, and to...

    s established in different Indian states. It is a boys-only residential school and was established on 16 September 1963. It provides education from Class VI to XII.
  • Gandhi High School
  • Rameshwar Modi Mahadeo Modi High School Chandwara
  • Modern Public School
  • Adarsh Vidyalaya(Mahatma Gandhi Marg)was established on 1974 by Sri Dhaneshwar Sharma.It provides education from Class Nursery to 10th.
  • ST.Joseph School
  • St.Clares School, Lokai, Jhumri Telaiya
  • PVSS DAV Public School
  • Sacred Heart School
  • CD Girls High School (Founded by Mica Kings
    Mica Kings
    Mica Kings refer to a business house, which took shape in the early twentieth century, in Koderma, Jharkhand state, India. This business house, at one point in time, controlled the largest share of mica mining and export activity in the world.- Location :...

    )
  • CH High School ( Founded by Mica Kings)
  • Purnima Vidya Mandir Telaiya (Founded by Mica Kings)
  • MMLWO High School Karma
  • Shri Digambar Jain Vidyalaya
  • Marium Public High School
  • Indira Sichhan Sansthan


Colleges
  • Chatthuram Horilram Intermediate College (CHIC)
  • Grizzly College of Education
    Grizzly College of Education
    Grizzly College of Education is a co-educational college for Bachelors of Education, located in Jhumri Telaiya, Jharkhand, India. It was founded in 1999 by Grizzly Charitable Trust. The College is affiliated with Vinobha Bhave University, Hazaribagh...

  • Jagannath Jain College (JJ College)
  • Jhumri Telaiya Commerce College (JTCC), Karma
  • Ramgovind Institute of Technology ( RIT ),
  • Sharma school, Near Barkee Dhamrai, started on 1988.
  • Ram Lakhan singh Yadav college, Jhumri TelAIYA


Institute
  • e-genius'the computer world', Jhumri Telaiya, koderma

External links

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