Ji Hongchang
Encyclopedia
Ji Hongchang, was a Chinese general and patriot.
province of China. He started his military career in 1913 under the leadership of Gen. Feng Yuxiang
. He was the commander of the 22nd Army when he was nominated as Ningxia chairman. Refusing to attack the Red Army
led by the Communist Party
while the whole country was threatened by Japan, he was sacked by Chiang Kai-shek
and ordered to "observe and study" abroad. He returned to China in 1932. In May 1933, he helped to organize the Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Army
together with Feng Yuxiang and Fang Zhenwu
and directed it along the front line against the Japanese invaders. The army recovered the Japanese-controlled Duolun
(now in Inner Mongolia) and built nationwide confidence to fight against the Japanese. In October, the People's Army was extinguished, by Chiang Kai-shek who mobilized sixteen divisions against them. Ji Hongchang fought on for a while before steathily seeking asylum in Tianjin
's extraterritory in Jan 1934.
Chiang's policy to "extinguish the outlaws (the Communists) before fighting against invaders" disappointed him. As a result he joined the Communist Party in March of 1934. On April 24th, Ji established the "Great Anti-Fascism Alliance of Chinese People" in Tianjin, with Feng Yuxiang, and Fang Zhenwu. Kuomintang
agents injured Ji Hongchang in an assassination attempt on Nov 9th, and colluded with French police in extraditing Ji Hongchang for execution in Peking on Nov 24th.
Biography
Ji Hongchang was born in 1895, in Fugou, HenanHenan
Henan , is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "豫" , named after Yuzhou , a Han Dynasty state that included parts of Henan...
province of China. He started his military career in 1913 under the leadership of Gen. Feng Yuxiang
Feng Yuxiang
Feng Yuxiang was a warlord and leader in Republican China. He was also known as the Christian General for his zeal to convert his troops and the Betrayal General for his penchant to break with the establishment. In 1911, he was an officer in the ranks of Yuan Shikai's Beiyang Army but joined...
. He was the commander of the 22nd Army when he was nominated as Ningxia chairman. Refusing to attack the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
led by the Communist Party
Communist party
A political party described as a Communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of communism through a communist form of government...
while the whole country was threatened by Japan, he was sacked by Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek was a political and military leader of 20th century China. He is known as Jiǎng Jièshí or Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng in Mandarin....
and ordered to "observe and study" abroad. He returned to China in 1932. In May 1933, he helped to organize the Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Army
Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Army
The Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Army consisted mostly of former Northwestern Army units under Feng Yuxiang, troops from Fang Zhenwu's Resisting Japan and Saving China Army, remnants of the provincial forces from Jehol, Anti-Japanese volunteers from Manchuria and local forces from Chahar and Suiyuan...
together with Feng Yuxiang and Fang Zhenwu
Fang Zhenwu
Fang Zhenwu was a Chinese military officer in the early twentieth century.-Biography:Fang was born in 1885 in Shou County, Lu'an, Anhui province, in the Empire of China. He took part in the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and joined the revolutionary New Army in Shanghai...
and directed it along the front line against the Japanese invaders. The army recovered the Japanese-controlled Duolun
Duolun
Dolon Nor , is a town and the county seat of Duolun County, Xilin Gol League in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, China. It is of historical importance because the remnants of Xanadu, the summer capital of Kubilai Khan and the following Mongol emperors of the Yuan Dynasty , are located some 17...
(now in Inner Mongolia) and built nationwide confidence to fight against the Japanese. In October, the People's Army was extinguished, by Chiang Kai-shek who mobilized sixteen divisions against them. Ji Hongchang fought on for a while before steathily seeking asylum in Tianjin
Tianjin
' is a metropolis in northern China and one of the five national central cities of the People's Republic of China. It is governed as a direct-controlled municipality, one of four such designations, and is, thus, under direct administration of the central government...
's extraterritory in Jan 1934.
Chiang's policy to "extinguish the outlaws (the Communists) before fighting against invaders" disappointed him. As a result he joined the Communist Party in March of 1934. On April 24th, Ji established the "Great Anti-Fascism Alliance of Chinese People" in Tianjin, with Feng Yuxiang, and Fang Zhenwu. Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
agents injured Ji Hongchang in an assassination attempt on Nov 9th, and colluded with French police in extraditing Ji Hongchang for execution in Peking on Nov 24th.
External links
- Rulers: Ji Hongchang biography with photo
- Quelling Internal Enemies Before Resisting Foreign Invaders